躺焊(han)(han)(han)(han)是一(yi)種將焊(han)(han)(han)(han)條(tiao)(tiao)靜止地(di)放(fang)置在(zai)(zai)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)道上進行(xing)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)條(tiao)(tiao)電(dian)弧焊(han)(han)(han)(han)。焊(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)時(shi)，電(dian)弧在(zai)(zai)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)條(tiao)(tiao)長度方向上行(xing)走，不(bu)(bu)斷將躺在(zai)(zai)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)道上的(de)(de)(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)條(tiao)(tiao)熔化。這種方法(fa)是20世(shi)紀30年代由奧地(di)利Elin公(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)(de)George Hafergut開發的(de)(de)(de)(de)，因(yin)此被(bei)稱為Elin-Hafergut焊(han)(han)(han)(han)（美(mei)國號為2269369）。這種方法(fa)也是一(yi)種自動化方法(fa)，因(yin)為電(dian)弧引燃起(qi)來后，就不(bu)(bu)需要(yao)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)工(gong)(gong)進行(xing)操作。這種方法(fa)可(ke)用于0.03~0.12in（0.8~3mm）厚工(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)I形(xing)坡(po)口對接(jie)(jie)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)、0.03~0.120in（0.8~3mm）厚工(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)搭(da)接(jie)(jie)角焊(han)(han)(han)(han)縫以及板厚在(zai)(zai)3/16in（5mm）以上的(de)(de)(de)(de)角焊(han)(han)(han)(han)縫。通常采用E6024及E7028焊(han)(han)(han)(han)條(tiao)(tiao)。

1、施焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)現場10米范圍內(nei)，不(bu)得堆放有氧氣瓶、瓶等壓(ya)力(li)容器(qi)和、油脂(zhi)、木材等物。2、高(gao)(gao)處焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接時，應(ying)穿好安全帶(dai)，垂直(zhi)下方及水(shui)平方向(xiang)10m內(nei)范圍內(nei)不(bu)得有物，不(bu)能避開時應(ying)嚴密遮防，否則不(bu)準施焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)。3、禁(jin)(jin)止將(jiang)過熱的(de)(de)(de)(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)鉗浸在水(shui)中(zhong)冷卻。4、移動電(dian)(dian)(dian)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)機時應(ying)先停(ting)機斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，正(zheng)規(gui)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)工(gong)培(pei)(pei)訓基地，不(bu)得用拖拉電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法移動電(dian)(dian)(dian)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)機，如焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接中(zhong)突然停(ting)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，正(zheng)規(gui)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)工(gong)培(pei)(pei)訓基地，應(ying)切(qie)(qie)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。5、嚴禁(jin)(jin)在帶(dai)壓(ya)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)容器(qi)或管(guan)道上施焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)，焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設備(bei)，必須(xu)先切(qie)(qie)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源。

??墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)：鋁(lv)合金在高溫時強(qiang)度很低，正規高壓(ya)焊(han)(han)(han)工培訓(xun)基地，液態鋁(lv)的流動(dong)性能好，曲(qu)阜(fu)高壓(ya)焊(han)(han)(han)工培訓(xun)基地，在焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)時焊(han)(han)(han)縫金屬容易產生(sheng)下(xia)塌(ta)現象。為了(le)保證(zheng)焊(han)(han)(han)透而又不(bu)致(zhi)塌(ta)陷，焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)時常采用墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)來托住熔池及(ji)附近金屬。墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)可(ke)采用石墨板(ban)、不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼板(ban)、碳素鋼板(ban)、銅板(ban)或銅棒等。墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)表(biao)面(mian)開一個圓弧形槽，以(yi)保證(zheng)焊(han)(han)(han)縫反面(mian)成(cheng)型。也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)不(bu)加墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)單面(mian)焊(han)(han)(han)雙面(mian)成(cheng)型，但(dan)要求焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)操作熟練或采取對電弧施焊(han)(han)(han)能量嚴格自動(dong)反饋(kui)控制等工藝(yi)措施。

??焊前預熱(re)：薄、小(xiao)鋁件一(yi)般(ban)不用(yong)預熱(re)，厚度(du)10mm～15mm時可進(jin)行焊前預熱(re)，根(gen)據不同(tong)類型的鋁合金(jin)預熱(re)溫(wen)度(du)可為100℃～200℃，可用(yong)氧一(yi)焰、電爐或噴燈等加熱(re)。預熱(re)可使焊件減(jian)小(xiao)變形、減(jian)少氣(qi)孔(kong)等缺陷。

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