半球(qiu)形封頭由于(yu)它的(de)高度(du)較高，而模(mo)具沖壓(ya)有(you)一定的(de)限制性，所(suo)以(yi)常用(yong)到的(de)制造(zao)方(fang)式(shi)有(you)模(mo)具沖壓(ya)以(yi)及分(fen)瓣成型。

a)小封(feng)頭(tou)(tou)：一般(ban)常(chang)用1500mm以下的半球形封(feng)頭(tou)(tou)都(dou)是直接模(mo)具沖壓整體成型(xing);

b)大(da)型(xing)(xing)封頭：當封頭直徑超過1500以上，我(wo)們都(dou)是(shi)采用先拼接后成型(xing)(xing)，這也(ye)是(shi)大(da)的型(xing)(xing)號使(shi)用的多

?但是每個生產廠(chang)(chang)家，條件不(bu)一(yi)(yi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，成(cheng)本不(bu)一(yi)(yi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，大型球(qiu)(qiu)形封頭廠(chang)(chang)家，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)生產的(de)產品(pin)也會不(bu)一(yi)(yi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)，而(er)半球(qiu)(qiu)封頭因(yin)為成(cheng)本較高(gao)于其它形狀的(de)封頭，而(er)用(yong)途也相對較小一(yi)(yi)些，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)每個廠(chang)(chang)家的(de)情(qing)況都不(bu)一(yi)(yi)樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，關于具(ju)體的(de)詳細情(qing)況請與廠(chang)(chang)家溝通(tong)說明，這樣(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)不(bu)會存在一(yi)(yi)些失誤。

?中(zhong)國球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)產(chan)業與國外技(ji)(ji)術水(shui)平比(bi)較，當(dang)前還存(cun)在(zai)著很大(da)(da)差(cha)距.因而，需要站(zhan)在(zai)戰略的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度(du)，予以多大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支持.球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)產(chan)業作(zuo)為機械基(ji)礎(chu)產(chan)業，其(qi)技(ji)(ji)術水(shui)平高(gao)低，對一個的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)業技(ji)(ji)術發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)水(shui)平具有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)代表意(yi)義. 球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)工藝(yi)特點是(shi)連(lian)鑄(zhu)薄板坯(pi)存(cun)在(zai)中(zhong)心偏析，消除連(lian)鑄(zhu)薄板坯(pi)中(zhong)心偏析是(shi)進一步提高(gao)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)管(guan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵技(ji)(ji)術問題(ti).球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)焊后(hou)硬化性較大(da)(da)，簡單發(fa)生裂紋. 球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)出(chu)(chu)產(chan)工藝(yi)簡單，出(chu)(chu)產(chan)，成本低，發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)較快.球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)出(chu)(chu)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首要原材料在(zai)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)出(chu)(chu)產(chan)成本中(zhong)占有很大(da)(da)比(bi)例，其(qi)價格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)變直接影響(xiang)不銹鋼沖壓彎頭(tou)(tou)(tou)出(chu)(chu)產(chan)成本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)變.若采用(yong)同類型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)焊接，進行300℃以上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預熱和焊后(hou)700℃擺布(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)緩冷處(chu)理.若焊件(jian)不能進行焊后(hou)熱處(chu)理，則應選(xuan)用(yong)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)焊條.球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強度(du)一般比(bi)直縫(feng)焊管(guan)高(gao)，能用(yong)較窄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)坯(pi)料出(chu)(chu)產(chan)管(guan)徑(jing)較大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彎頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，還可以用(yong)相同寬(kuan)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)坯(pi)料出(chu)(chu)產(chan)管(guan)徑(jing)不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)焊管(guan).

? 橢(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)與(yu)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)界限(xian)考(kao)(kao)(kao)慮(lv)：橢(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)受力(li)(li)(li)比球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)差，但(dan)制造比球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)容(rong)易(yi)，設(she)計(ji)時(shi)(shi)如無(wu)其他(ta)因素(su)考(kao)(kao)(kao)慮(lv)，在何時(shi)(shi)考(kao)(kao)(kao)慮(lv)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(如直徑(jing)及壁厚)較(jiao)合理？ 一(yi)(yi)般(ban)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)橢(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)，球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)替代橢(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原因： 1、特殊(shu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)，貴。 我們有2個4200的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)N10276封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)橢(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)須32mm，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)18mm，可(ke)(ke)節省約300W。 2、一(yi)(yi)般(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)，厚。 用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)節省材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)超過(guo)40mm就可(ke)(ke)考(kao)(kao)(kao)慮(lv)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)。 3、一(yi)(yi)般(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)，大，厚。封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)成型困難，大型球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)供貨商(shang)，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)瓜瓣式(shi)，貴州大型球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)，先(xian)成型，再拼焊(han)，做球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)容(rong)易(yi)。 無(wu)論從壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)還是(shi)直徑(jing)方面都很難確(que)定采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)橢(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)或球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個界限(xian)。 有時(shi)(shi)多(duo)看看實際的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)會(hui)有一(yi)(yi)些(xie)啟發。現在的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱壁加氫(qing)反應(ying)器都是(shi)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)，氣相法線性低密度(du)聚乙烯、聚反應(ying)器（筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)直徑(jing)3500）雖然壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)不(bu)大高但(dan)也(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)。曾(ceng)做過(guo)氫(qing)氣罐雖然只有幾(ji)立方米(mi)，直徑(jing)900，但(dan)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)較(jiao)高20多(duo)MPa，也(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)。 我想(xiang)當你需要(yao)考(kao)(kao)(kao)慮(lv)改善封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)力(li)(li)(li)及筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)應(ying)狀況的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候優先(xian)考(kao)(kao)(kao)慮(lv)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)。較(jiao)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況是(shi)工藝條(tiao)件已(yi)經定了(le)結構形(xing)(xing)式(shi)。 因為球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深度(du)比橢(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)大，如果是(shi)大直徑(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)拼接的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)，大型球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)加工廠(chang)，在沖的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候有可(ke)(ke)能會(hui)把焊(han)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)沖開。所(suo)以(yi)不(bu)好(hao)加工。 GB150中為什么將(jiang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)與(yu)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環縫(feng)(feng)(feng)定為A類？ 因為球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)周向應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)和(he)縱向應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)是(shi)相等的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)， 計(ji)算厚度(du)比圓(yuan)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)小將(jiang)近一(yi)(yi)半(ban)。球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)與(yu)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)連(lian)接處一(yi)(yi)般(ban)是(shi)將(jiang)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)削(xue)薄， 連(lian)接焊(han)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)縱向應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)應(ying)該不(bu)小于(yu)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)縱縫(feng)(feng)(feng)處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)周向應(ying)力(li)(li)(li)， 所(suo)以(yi)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)形(xing)(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)與(yu)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環縫(feng)(feng)(feng)和(he)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)(ti)(ti)縱縫(feng)(feng)(feng)一(yi)(yi)樣屬于(yu)A類焊(han)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)。