在(zai)實(shi)驗粉末靜(jing)電(dian)噴涂(tu)(tu)工(gong)藝施工(gong)時，往(wang)往(wang)對粉末涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)的(de)特性不予重(zhong)視(shi)，以至于(yu)當(dang)涂(tu)(tu)膜出現一些疵病時（如氣泡(pao)、麻(ma)點、凹陷、縮孔、花斑，甚(shen)至涂(tu)(tu)不上(shang)粉等），無從著手，難以分(fen)析(xi)。實(shi)質上(shang)，對靜(jing)電(dian)噴涂(tu)(tu)用的(de)粉末涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)，應(ying)注意下述幾(ji)個參數，才能(neng)保證(zheng)靜(jing)電(dian)噴涂(tu)(tu)工(gong)藝的(de)順利實(shi)施和得到的(de)涂(tu)(tu)膜。

1、粉末(mo)涂料的顆粒細(xi)度

粉末(mo)(mo)涂(tu)(tu)料和溶劑型涂(tu)(tu)料的(de)(de)顯著區別是(shi)分散(san)介(jie)(jie)質不同。在(zai)溶劑型涂(tu)(tu)料中，使用溶劑作(zuo)為分散(san)介(jie)(jie)質；而在(zai)粉末(mo)(mo)涂(tu)(tu)料中，則使用凈化(hua)的(de)(de)壓縮空(kong)氣作(zuo)為分散(san)介(jie)(jie)質。粉末(mo)(mo)涂(tu)(tu)料在(zai)噴涂(tu)(tu)時呈分散(san)狀態，不能調節涂(tu)(tu)料的(de)(de)顆粒度(du)。因此，適合靜電噴涂(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)粉末(mo)(mo)顆粒細(xi)度(du)是(shi)重要的(de)(de)。

適合(he)靜電噴涂的(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)涂料，其顆粒(li)度在(zai)(zai)10微(wei)(wei)米(mi)到90微(wei)(wei)米(mi)之間（即>170目(mu)）。粒(li)度小于10微(wei)(wei)米(mi)的(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)稱超(chao)細粉(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)，它很容(rong)易損耗在(zai)(zai)大(da)氣中，超(chao)細粉(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)含量不能(neng)太多。這里(li)值得注(zhu)意的(de)是，粉(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)顆粒(li)度和涂膜的(de)厚(hou)度有(you)關，對粉(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)涂料的(de)顆粒(li)度要(yao)有(you)一定(ding)的(de)分(fen)布范圍(wei)（表1）才能(neng)得到厚(hou)度均勻的(de)涂膜。如要(yao)求涂膜的(de)厚(hou)度是25微(wei)(wei)米(mi)，則粉(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)涂料的(de)顆粒(li)不能(neng)超(chao)過65微(wei)(wei)米(mi)，淮(huai)安金(jin)馬(ma)噴槍，（200目(mu)—240目(mu)），而大(da)部分(fen)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)都應通過35微(wei)(wei)米(mi)（350目(mu)—400目(mu)）。為(wei)了控制(zhi)和調整粉(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)顆粒(li)的(de)大(da)小在(zai)(zai)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)碎設備上(shang)應能(neng)加以調整。對我國的(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)制(zhi)造廠來講(jiang)，當前還做不到這一點。

表1對(dui)180目粉末(mo)涂料的粒度分布

粉(fen)末涂料(liao)的(de)顆粒分布可用KCY型(xing)自動記錄顆粒測定儀進行測試

粉(fen)(fen)末(mo)的(de)顆(ke)粒(li)度超(chao)過(guo)90微米時，在靜電(dian)噴涂時，顆(ke)粒(li)所帶的(de)電(dian)荷與(yu)質量之比很(hen)小(xiao)，大(da)(da)顆(ke)粒(li)粉(fen)(fen)末(mo)的(de)重(zhong)力很(hen)快超(chao)過(guo)空氣(qi)動力和靜電(dian)力，因此，大(da)(da)顆(ke)粒(li)粉(fen)(fen)末(mo)具(ju)有較大(da)(da)的(de)動能(neng)，不容易吸(xi)附到(dao)工(gong)件(jian)上去。

韓意機電(dian)設備(bei)【瑞士金馬授(shou)權的代理商】為您分享(xiang)：鋁型(xing)材粉末噴(pen)涂小(xiao)百科

鋁(lv)是具(ju)有(you)(you)銀(yin)白色光(guang)澤的輕(qing)金屬(shu)，其耐蝕性具(ju)有(you)(you)以下兩個特(te)點：

1、純(chun)(chun)度越高，耐蝕性(xing)越好，眾所周知，純(chun)(chun)鋁在空氣(qi)之中(zhong)與氧氣(qi)發生(sheng)作用(yong)，在鋁的表面會(hui)生(sheng)產一層很薄的氧化(hua)膜(mo)，比(bi)其它金屬氧化(hua)膜(mo)生(sheng)成的快(kuai)而且厚的多，從而阻止了(le)空氣(qi)中(zhong)有害氣(qi)體(ti)和水(shui)分的腐蝕，起到了(le)保(bao)護作用(yong)；

2、純鋁(lv)(lv)的耐蝕(shi)(shi)性(xing)雖(sui)好，但(dan)機械(xie)(xie)(xie)強(qiang)(qiang)度差，這在(zai)一定(ding)程度上(shang)制約了(le)鋁(lv)(lv)的應用(yong)(yong)，因此，人們在(zai)鋁(lv)(lv)中(zhong)加(jia)(jia)入適量的鎂、銅、鋅等其他金(jin)屬，制成各種(zhong)類型的鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)，鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)的機械(xie)(xie)(xie)強(qiang)(qiang)度高(gao)，使鋁(lv)(lv)的機械(xie)(xie)(xie)強(qiang)(qiang)度大(da)大(da)提高(gao)，應用(yong)(yong)范圍大(da)大(da)擴大(da)，鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)雖(sui)機械(xie)(xie)(xie)強(qiang)(qiang)度高(gao)，但(dan)耐蝕(shi)(shi)性(xing)比純鋁(lv)(lv)差，因此就(jiu)有可(ke)能因氧化而受腐蝕(shi)(shi)。這就(jiu)需要進行粉末涂裝對鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)型材加(jia)(jia)以保護，鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)以其比重小(xiao)、易加(jia)(jia)工(gong)，機械(xie)(xie)(xie)強(qiang)(qiang)度大(da)等特點多年來(lai)廣泛應用(yong)(yong)于建(jian)筑物的門窗、幕墻等產品上(shang)。

經(jing)過粉末涂(tu)裝，鋁(lv)型材具有較(jiao)高的(de)(de)耐蝕性(xing)、色彩(cai)多樣化，表面質感好(hao)等眾多優點，與不同的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑外墻涂(tu)料相呼應，金馬(ma)噴槍招商，以建(jian)(jian)造出(chu)色彩(cai)斑斕的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑。

對于粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)噴涂(tu)(tu)工藝，瑞士金馬自動(dong)噴槍(qiang)，重點要考(kao)慮的(de)(de)是粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)顆粒(li)接受(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)，保持電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)分布情(qing)況(kuang)，這直接影響到粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)對工件的(de)(de)吸附力和沉(chen)積效(xiao)率，此外，重要的(de)(de)是，未經固化的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)涂(tu)(tu)層必(bi)須(xu)經得(de)起(qi)傳送機(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)機(ji)械震動(dong)而不掉(diao)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)。實際上(shang)，影響粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)顆粒(li)接受(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)和保持電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)主要因素是粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)的(de)(de)介(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)常(chang)(chang)數(shu)，粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)介(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)常(chang)(chang)數(shu)越低，顆粒(li)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)越容易，但(dan)喪失電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)也越容易，這反映粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)在工件上(shang)的(de)(de)吸咐力不牢，略(lve)受(shou)振動(dong)就(jiu)掉(diao)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，對于靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)噴涂(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)，應盡(jin)可(ke)能的(de)(de)用高介(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)常(chang)(chang)數(shu)的(de)(de)，它將使粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)吸附力大大提高。涂(tu)(tu)膜更均勻。但(dan)是介(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)常(chang)(chang)數(shu)高的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)末(mo)(mo)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)，帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)較困難(nan)，這就(jiu)需要在靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)噴粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)槍(qiang)的(de)(de)結構(gou)上(shang)加以(yi)改(gai)進，采(cai)用多電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)(de)強制帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)結構(gou)。

對(dui)于粉末(mo)涂(tu)(tu)料來講，它(ta)(ta)均(jun)是(shi)高分(fen)子(zi)(zi)化合(he)物(wu)組成的(de)(de)(de)(de)（如：環氧粉末(mo)、聚酯(zhi)粉末(mo)等），它(ta)(ta)們對(dui)工件的(de)(de)(de)(de)吸附力主要有(you)二個：庫侖(lun)力（靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力）和VandeWaals力（分(fen)子(zi)(zi)力）。高分(fen)子(zi)(zi)化合(he)物(wu)均(jun)有(you)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)(lv)，因(yin)此(ci)庫侖(lun)力（靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力）是(shi)大而可靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)。粉末(mo)本身的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)(lv)，將決(jue)定粉末(mo)在(zai)一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場強(qiang)度(du)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態；如：當粉末(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)(lv)在(zai)1013歐姆時(shi)，靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)只要30-50KV，就能(neng)(neng)使粉末(mo)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；而粉末(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)(lv)在(zai)108-109歐姆時(shi)，則(ze)要施(shi)加100-120KV的(de)(de)(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)才能(neng)(neng)得(de)到上述的(de)(de)(de)(de)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)果。粉末(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)(lv)與靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關系（圖略）。能(neng)(neng)否自動限制(zhi)粉末(mo)沉積岐的(de)(de)(de)(de)厚度(du)，這與粉末(mo)本身的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)(lv)關系很大，實(shi)驗證實(shi)，只有(you)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)粉末(mo)才能(neng)(neng)得(de)到合(he)適的(de)(de)(de)(de)涂(tu)(tu)膜。