工(gong)(gong)程地質和水文地質條件沿管(guan)線土(tu)層(ceng)變化(hua)頻繁，所以在頂(ding)管(guan)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)前(qian)必須了解土(tu)層(ceng)的變化(hua)情況(kuang):此外對(dui)于(yu)要經過回填土(tu)地段，需(xu)要提前(qian)加固處(chu)理，以防頂(ding)管(guan)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)后地表有(you)過大(da)的下沉。非開挖(wa)技術不開挖(wa)地面，故而被鋪設管(guan)道(dao)(dao)的上部土(tu)層(ceng)未經擾動(dong)，管(guan)道(dao)(dao)的管(guan)節端不易產(chan)生段差變形，其(qi)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)壽命亦大(da)于(yu)開挖(wa)法埋管(guan)。采用房(fang)下非開挖(wa)技術能節約(yue)一大(da)筆(bi)拆費用，減少動(dong)拆用房(fang)，縮短管(guan)線長度(du)。頂(ding)管(guan)機(ji)(ji)通常用于(yu)小(xiao)直徑斷面巖(yan)石和土(tu)體掘進，其(qi)中心就是(shi)將一些本來集成在盾(dun)構機(ji)(ji)外部的功用部件拿(na)出來，以減少其(qi)尺寸(cun)，頂(ding)推(tui)安裝在任(ren)務井里。

頂管(guan)(guan)(guan)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)突出的(de)(de)(de)特點就(jiu)是(shi)適應性問題。針對(dui)不同的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)質情況、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)條件和設計(ji)要求(qiu)，選(xuan)用與之適應的(de)(de)(de)頂管(guan)(guan)(guan)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)方式(shi)，如何正確地(di)(di)選(xuan)擇頂管(guan)(guan)(guan)機和配套輔助(zhu)設備，對(dui)于頂管(guan)(guan)(guan)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)來(lai)說將是(shi)非常關(guan)鍵的(de)(de)(de)。隨著我國經濟持續穩定地(di)(di)增長，城(cheng)(cheng)市化進程的(de)(de)(de)進一(yi)步加快，我國的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)下管(guan)(guan)(guan)線的(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)量也在逐年增加。加之人們對(dui)環(huan)境保護意識的(de)(de)(de)增強頂管(guan)(guan)(guan)技(ji)術(shu)將在我國地(di)(di)下管(guan)(guan)(guan)線的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)起到越來(lai)越重要的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)位和作用。非開挖技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)必將向規模化、規范(fan)化 、國際化的(de)(de)(de)方向發(fa)展(zhan)。地(di)(di)下管(guan)(guan)(guan)線是(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)市基礎設施(shi)的(de)(de)(de)重要組(zu)成(cheng)部分，電纜管(guan)(guan)(guan)、上下水管(guan)(guan)(guan)網、熱力(li)(動力(li))管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)同地(di)(di)下鐵道(dao)一(yi)起，被稱為城(cheng)(cheng)市的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)命線，隨著社會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，地(di)(di)下管(guan)(guan)(guan)線的(de)(de)(de)長度持續增加。

由(you)于非開(kai)(kai)挖(wa)(wa)的(de)優勢逐漸被人們認同(tong)(tong)，非開(kai)(kai)挖(wa)(wa)技術日趨成(cheng)熟，管(guan)道非開(kai)(kai)挖(wa)(wa)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案，非開(kai)(kai)挖(wa)(wa)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本(ben)逐年降(jiang)低，所以(yi)非開(kai)(kai)挖(wa)(wa)的(de)應(ying)用在逐年增長。頂管(guan)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)突出的(de)特點就是(shi)適應(ying)性問題。針對不同(tong)(tong)的(de)地質情況(kuang)、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)條件和設(she)(she)(she)計要求(qiu)，選用與之適應(ying)的(de)頂管(guan)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)式，如(ru)何(he)正確(que)地選擇頂管(guan)機和配套(tao)輔(fu)助設(she)(she)(she)備，對于頂管(guan)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)來說將是(shi)非常關鍵的(de)。本(ben)頂管(guan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)在頂進長度超過(guo)100米(mi)時，考慮(lv)在機頭后設(she)(she)(she)置一只中(zhong)(zhong)繼間，并(bing)采用觸變泥(ni)漿注(zhu)漿工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。中(zhong)(zhong)繼間由(you)前殼體(ti)、千斤(jin)頂及后殼體(ti)組成(cheng)。