橢圓封頭是高壓容器上的堵塞裝置，為(wei)了保(bao)證使用(yong)時正常(chang)工作，我(wo)們應(ying)定(ding)時對其(qi)進行維護和檢查，遇到(dao)問題應(ying)按以(yi)下(xia)步(bu)驟進行處理：

在(zai)電(dian)廠(chang)(chang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中，會使(shi)(shi)用到很多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)口徑(jing)管道(dao)，比(bi)(bi)如(ru)補(bu)給水管、循環水管等。根據機(ji)組容量等級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不同，管道(dao)口徑(jing)位(wei)于DN1000~5500之(zhi)間。電(dian)力建設(she)(she)管道(dao)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)滿足相關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規范和要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，此(ci)時在(zai)選用大(da)尺寸(cun)橢(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時候就(jiu)會面(mian)臨著較(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)困(kun)難。 結合(he)(he)(he)實際(ji)情(qing)況，并進(jin)行了(le)計算(suan)可(ke)知，橢(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、球形(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)以(yi)及錐形(xing)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構比(bi)(bi)較(jiao)合(he)(he)(he)理，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)簡單，原材料用量較(jiao)少，不過(guo)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)難度(du)較(jiao)大(da)，尤其(qi)是(shi)大(da)尺寸(cun)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)使(shi)(shi)用大(da)型高(gao)(gao)壓容器廠(chang)(chang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)設(she)(she)備，造(zao)價較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)。事實上(shang)，在(zai)真(zhen)空(kong)設(she)(she)備和許(xu)多(duo)(duo)其(qi)他(ta)機(ji)械設(she)(she)備中，關(guan)于封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用是(shi)較(jiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)普遍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。而且根據設(she)(she)備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不同需(xu)要(yao)(yao)，封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放置也各不相同。 也就(jiu)是(shi)說，在(zai)實際(ji)應(ying)用中，橢(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軸線(xian)可(ke)以(yi)是(shi)鉛垂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，也可(ke)以(yi)是(shi)水平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，這(zhe)些封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)以(yi)及與(yu)之(zhi)固定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)臂成為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)整個設(she)(she)備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一部(bu)分(fen)(fen)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)使(shi)(shi)設(she)(she)備上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)在(zai)運用時能(neng)夠處于正確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置上(shang)，因而就(jiu)應(ying)當提前明確封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中心。 比(bi)(bi)如(ru)如(ru)果使(shi)(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)標準橢(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)，那(nei)么根據多(duo)(duo)年經驗，我們可(ke)以(yi)這(zhe)樣來估(gu)算(suan)：以(yi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)高(gao)(gao)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)1/2作為(wei)(wei)(wei)它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置。其(qi)次(ci)還(huan)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)確定封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)臂與(yu)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)接觸部(bu)分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)曲線(xian)形(xing)狀(zhuang)。比(bi)(bi)如(ru)在(zai)很多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鍍膜機(ji)中，有不少是(shi)通(tong)過(guo)轉軸使(shi)(shi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)能(neng)與(yu)真(zhen)空(kong)室(shi)體分(fen)(fen)開或合(he)(he)(he)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，這(zhe)些封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)上(shang)幾乎都焊有兩條離(li)開封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)中心且互相平行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)筋板作為(wei)(wei)(wei)支(zhi)臂和轉軸相連。 通(tong)常情(qing)況下，我們可(ke)以(yi)根據相關(guan)公(gong)式所推導出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圓(yuan)(yuan)弧擬(ni)合(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)半徑(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計算(suan)公(gong)司來確定支(zhi)臂和橢(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接觸部(bu)分(fen)(fen)曲線(xian)形(xing)狀(zhuang)了(le)。需(xu)要(yao)(yao)注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)，當支(zhi)臂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)板厚較(jiao)大(da)時，大(da)型橢(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)定做(zuo)，此(ci)時封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)兩個側面(mian)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圓(yuan)(yuan)弧尺寸(cun)不相同，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)進(jin)行計算(suan)。

? ?封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)由于加工(gong)(gong)較易受力較好，被(bei)(bei)廣泛(fan)應(ying)用于化工(gong)(gong)、輕工(gong)(gong)、石油及(ji)(ji)制(zhi)藥等(deng)行(xing)(xing)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)低(di)壓容器(qi)，橢(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)制(zhi)造時封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)展開面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積就是(shi)(shi)根據這一(yi)假設推導計(ji)(ji)算的(de)(de)(de)(de)，然而(er)構成(cheng)橢(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)那半(ban)個橢(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)是(shi)(shi)不是(shi)(shi)真正的(de)(de)(de)(de)橢(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)呢? 橢(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)幾何(he)形(xing)(xing)狀殼(ke)(ke)(ke)體(ti)基本概念：殼(ke)(ke)(ke)體(ti)是(shi)(shi)被(bei)(bei)兩個曲(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)所限定的(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)體(ti)，等(deng)分殼(ke)(ke)(ke)體(ti)各點(dian)厚(hou)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)曲(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)稱為(wei)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，中(zhong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)是(shi)(shi)回轉(zhuan)(zhuan)曲(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)體(ti)稱為(wei)回轉(zhuan)(zhuan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)體(ti)，大(da)型(xing)橢(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)報價，而(er)回轉(zhuan)(zhuan)曲(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)則是(shi)(shi)一(yi)條平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)繞同平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)根軸旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)而(er)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)曲(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，并稱這條平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)為(wei)該回轉(zhuan)(zhuan)曲(qu)(qu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)母(mu)線(xian)，大(da)型(xing)橢(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)出廠價，回轉(zhuan)(zhuan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)體(ti)尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)回轉(zhuan)(zhuan)薄殼(ke)(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)(de)幾何(he)形(xing)(xing)狀通常根據中(zhong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)母(mu)線(xian)來描(miao)述。母(mu)線(xian)方程：等(deng)厚(hou)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)橢(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)無疑(yi)也是(shi)(shi)一(yi)個回轉(zhuan)(zhuan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)體(ti)，但無論是(shi)(shi)沖壓還(huan)是(shi)(shi)旋壓成(cheng)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)橢(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)只能保證其(qi)橢(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)部分的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(或(huo)(huo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian))為(wei)橢(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)球面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，中(zhong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)及(ji)(ji)外(wai)(wai)(wai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(或(huo)(huo)內(nei)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian))并非(fei)橢(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)球面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，即其(qi)內(nei)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(或(huo)(huo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian))母(mu)線(xian)是(shi)(shi)橢(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)，而(er)中(zhong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)及(ji)(ji)外(wai)(wai)(wai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(或(huo)(huo)內(nei)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian))母(mu)線(xian)并非(fei)橢(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan).中(zhong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)及(ji)(ji)外(wai)(wai)(wai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(或(huo)(huo)內(nei)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian))母(mu)線(xian)方程可以(yi)根據內(nei)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(或(huo)(huo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian))母(mu)線(xian)橢(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)按如下方法(fa)推出. 封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)使用注意(yi)事項： 測量(liang)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)(wai)周長，事行(xing)(xing)筒體(ti)加工(gong)(gong)，將封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)外(wai)(wai)(wai)周長4等(deng)分并在筒體(ti)和封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)上(shang)做好標記(ji)，進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)定位焊接(jie)，定位焊的(de)(de)(de)(de)定位點(dian)請客戶根據直(zhi)徑和板厚(hou)定位點(dian)，定位焊完(wan)成(cheng)后(hou)(hou)，大(da)型(xing)橢(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)(tuo)圓(yuan)(yuan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)，進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)焊接(jie)。 ? ? ? ? 不銹鋼(gang)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)護，封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)與(yu)(yu)筒體(ti)組焊后(hou)(hou)，要及(ji)(ji)時清理焊縫，熱影(ying)響區(qu)及(ji)(ji)周圍的(de)(de)(de)(de)焊渣飛濺污染物(wu)，并進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing) PT 檢查(cha)和表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)酸(suan)洗，防(fang)(fang)止不銹鋼(gang)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磕碰(peng)劃傷，防(fang)(fang)止與(yu)(yu)碳素鋼(gang)直(zhi)接(jie)接(jie)觸，避免(mian)鐵離(li)子污染，不在露天存放防(fang)(fang)雨(yu)淋(lin)，避免(mian)強制(zhi)組焊結構設計(ji)(ji)要防(fang)(fang)止拘束應(ying)力過(guo)大(da)，水壓試(shi)驗(yan)用水氯離(li)子含量(liang)不得大(da)于25mg/L試(shi)驗(yan)后(hou)(hou)要及(ji)(ji)時吹干，不銹鋼(gang)酸(suan)洗不能用鹽酸(suan)等(deng)還(huan)原(yuan)酸(suan)。