將(jiang)一(yi)個負(fu)載(zai)(zai)連接(jie)在(zai)太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)上下(xia)兩表面間(jian)時，將(jiang)有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)過該(gai)負(fu)載(zai)(zai)，于是太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池 就(jiu)(jiu)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)；太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池吸收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)子越多，產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)也(ye)就(jiu)(jiu)越大。太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組(zu)件的(de)(de)(de)作用是將(jiang)太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)轉化(hua)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，或送(song)往蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池中(zhong)存儲(chu)起來，或推動負(fu)載(zai)(zai)工(gong)作。對(dui)正(zheng)負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)，由于在(zai)PN結(jie)區域的(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)被分離，因而可以(yi)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)個外電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)場，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)從晶體硅片電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)底端(duan)經過負(fu)載(zai)(zai)流(liu)(liu)至電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)頂端(duan)。 這就(jiu)(jiu)是 “光(guang)生(sheng)(sheng)伏(fu)(fu)打效應”。太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)交流(liu)(liu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統是由太陽(yang)(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池板(ban)、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控制(zhi)器、逆變(bian)器和蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池共(gong)同(tong)組(zu)成；太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)直流(liu)(liu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統則不(bu)包括逆變(bian)器。為(wei)了使太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統能(neng)(neng)(neng)為(wei)負(fu)載(zai)(zai)提供(gong)足夠的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，就(jiu)(jiu)要根據用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)功率(lv)，光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)組(zu)件廠家，合理選擇各部件。

光(guang)伏組件(jian)的(de)主要(yao)(yao)原材料(liao)：光(guang)伏玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組件(jian)采用(yong)的(de)面板(ban)玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)是(shi)低鐵超(chao)白絨(rong)面鋼(gang)化玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)。一般厚度(du)為3．2mm和4mm，鹽城太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)，建(jian)材型太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組件(jian)有(you)時要(yao)(yao)用(yong)到5~10mm厚度(du)的(de)鋼(gang)化玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)，但無論厚薄(bo)都要(yao)(yao)求透光(guang)率在90％以上。光(guang)伏組件(jian)為了獲得良好(hao)的(de)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性能(neng)(neng)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)片往往采用(yong)銀漿導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)片上的(de)白亮色就是(shi)鍍上去的(de)銀漿用(yong)于(yu)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。單體太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)不能(neng)(neng)直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)做電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)使用(yong)。作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)必須將若干單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)串(chuan)、并聯連接(jie)(jie)和嚴密封(feng)裝(zhuang)成組件(jian)。太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組件(jian)（也叫太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板(ban)）是(shi)太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)中(zhong)的(de)部分(fen)，光(guang)伏太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)組件(jian)價格，也是(shi)太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)(tong)中(zhong)的(de)部分(fen)。

單體太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)不能(neng)(neng)直接做電(dian)(dian)(dian)源使用(yong)。作電(dian)(dian)(dian)源必須(xu)將(jiang)若干單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)串、并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)連接和嚴密封裝成組件(jian)。太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組件(jian)（也(ye)叫太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板(ban)）是太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統中(zhong)的(de)部(bu)分(fen)，太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)組件(jian)生產公司，也(ye)是太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統中(zhong)重要(yao)的(de)部(bu)分(fen)。嚴格控制(zhi)層壓機(ji)溫度(du)(du)、 時間等重要(yao)參數(shu) 并(bing)定期按照要(yao)求(qiu)做交聯(lian)(lian)度(du)(du)實驗，并(bing)將(jiang)交聯(lian)(lian)度(du)(du)控 制(zhi)在(zai)85%±5%內。多(duo)(duo)晶(jing)硅(gui)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)制(zhi)作工藝與單晶(jing)硅(gui)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)差不多(duo)(duo)，但(dan)是多(duo)(duo)晶(jing)硅(gui)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)光電(dian)(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)換效(xiao)率則要(yao)降低不少(shao)，其光電(dian)(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)換效(xiao)率約12%左右。