獨(du)立光(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)也叫離網光(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)。主要由太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組件(jian)(jian)、控(kong)制(zhi)器、蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組成，若(ruo)要為交流負載(zai)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，屋頂(ding)光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站，還(huan)需要配置交流逆(ni)變(bian)器。光(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)是利用半(ban)導體界面(mian)的(de)(de)光(guang)生伏(fu)應(ying)而將(jiang)光(guang)能(neng)(neng)直接轉變(bian)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)一種技術。主要由太(tai)陽電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板（組件(jian)(jian)）、控(kong)制(zhi)器和逆(ni)變(bian)器三大部(bu)分組成，主要部(bu)件(jian)(jian)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)子元(yuan)器件(jian)(jian)構成。太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)是人類取之不盡用之不竭的(de)(de)可(ke)再生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)，具有(you)充(chong)分的(de)(de)清潔(jie)性(xing)(xing)、的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)性(xing)(xing)、相對的(de)(de)廣泛性(xing)(xing)、確(que)實(shi)的(de)(de)長壽命和免維(wei)護性(xing)(xing)、資(zi)源(yuan)的(de)(de)充(chong)足性(xing)(xing)及潛在的(de)(de)經濟(ji)性(xing)(xing)等優(you)點(dian)，在長期的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)戰略中具有(you)重(zhong)要地(di)位。

太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)是利(li)用太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池直接將(jiang)太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)轉換(huan)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)。家(jia)用太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)由(you)太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組、太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)控(kong)制器(qi)、蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池（組）組成(cheng)。太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池是一種由(you)于光(guang)(guang)生伏(fu)(fu)應，而將(jiang)太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)光(guang)(guang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)直接轉化為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)器(qi)件(jian)，是一個(ge)半導體光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二極(ji)管(guan)，當太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)光(guang)(guang)照到光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二極(ji)管(guan)上時(shi)，光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二極(ji)管(guan)就會把太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)光(guang)(guang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)變成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。當許多個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池串聯或并聯起來，就可以成(cheng)為有(you)比(bi)較大(da)的(de)輸出功率的(de)太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池方陣了(le)。中國太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)站潛力(li)巨大(da)，配合積極(ji)穩(wen)定(ding)的(de)政策扶持(chi)，太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站，到2030年光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)裝(zhuang)機容量將(jiang)達1億千(qian)瓦，年發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量可達1.3億兆瓦時(shi)，相(xiang)當于少建30多個(ge)大(da)型煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠。

太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種由于(yu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)生伏(fu)(fu)(fu)應，而將(jiang)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)能(neng)(neng)直接轉(zhuan)化為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)器件，是(shi)(shi)一(yi)個半導體光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二(er)極(ji)管(guan)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)布式光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站，當(dang)(dang)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)照到光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二(er)極(ji)管(guan)上時，光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二(er)極(ji)管(guan)就(jiu)會把(ba)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)能(neng)(neng)變成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)，滁州光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站，產(chan)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。當(dang)(dang)許多個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池串聯或并(bing)聯起來，就(jiu)可以成為有(you)比較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)輸出功率的(de)(de)(de)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池方(fang)陣了。中國是(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安(an)裝量(liang)增(zeng)長快的(de)(de)(de)國家，2011年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安(an)裝量(liang)比2010年(nian)增(zeng)長了約(yue)5倍(bei)，2011年(nian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池產(chan)量(liang)達到20GW，約(yue)占的(de)(de)(de)65%。并(bing)網(wang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)有(you)集中式大(da)型(xing)并(bing)網(wang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站一(yi)般都是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站，主要特點是(shi)(shi)將(jiang)所(suo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)直接輸送到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)，由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)統一(yi)調配向用(yong)戶供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。分(fen)(fen)(fen)布式光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統，又稱分(fen)(fen)(fen)散(san)式發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或分(fen)(fen)(fen)布式供能(neng)(neng)，是(shi)(shi)指在(zai)用(yong)戶現場(chang)(chang)或靠近用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現場(chang)(chang)配置較小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統，以滿(man)足特定用(yong)戶的(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)，支持現存(cun)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)經濟運行(xing)，或者同時滿(man)足這兩個方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)。