精(jing)(jing)密(mi)零件加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)其(qi)實是(shi)(shi)機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)一種，但是(shi)(shi)因為對(dui)零件的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)精(jing)(jing)密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)較高，對(dui)生產機(ji)械(xie)(xie)及(ji)流程要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)也(ye)比較高。隨著工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業化(hua)發展(zhan)，精(jing)(jing)密(mi)機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)分類越(yue)(yue)來(lai)越(yue)(yue)多，方(fang)向(xiang)越(yue)(yue)來(lai)越(yue)(yue)細(xi)，越(yue)(yue)來(lai)越(yue)(yue)化(hua)。零件加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)幾(ji)何(he)形(xing)狀精(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)指軸頸(jing)、外錐面、莫(mo)氏(shi)錐孔等(deng)的(de)(de)圓(yuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)、圓(yuan)柱(zhu)度(du)(du)(du)(du)等(deng)，機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中心，一般應(ying)將其(qi)公差限制在(zai)(zai)尺寸公差范(fan)圍內。對(dui)精(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)較高的(de)(de)內外圓(yuan)表面，應(ying)在(zai)(zai)圖紙(zhi)上(shang)標(biao)注其(qi)允許偏差。機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠，主要(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)體(ti)現在(zai)(zai)以下這(zhe)幾(ji)個方(fang)面，為尺寸精(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)、幾(ji)何(he)形(xing)狀精(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)和相互位置精(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，其(qi)中幾(ji)何(he)形(xing)狀精(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)包括(kuo)(kuo)圓(yuan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)、直線度(du)(du)(du)(du)以及(ji)平面度(du)(du)(du)(du)等(deng)，相互位置精(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)包括(kuo)(kuo)平行(xing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)、垂(chui)直度(du)(du)(du)(du)以及(ji)同軸度(du)(du)(du)(du)等(deng)。

設計基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun):在(zai)(zai)(zai)零件(jian)(jian)圖上用(yong)以確(que)定其它點、線(xian)、面(mian)(mian)(mian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置的(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，稱(cheng)為設計基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。工(gong)藝基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun):零件(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)和裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配過程中所使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，稱(cheng)為工(gong)藝基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。工(gong)藝基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)按(an)用(yong)途不同又分為裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)、測(ce)量(liang)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)及定位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。(1)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun):裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配時用(yong)以確(que)定零件(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)部件(jian)(jian)或產品中的(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置的(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，稱(cheng)為裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。(2)測(ce)量(liang)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun):用(yong)以檢驗已加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)尺寸(cun)及位(wei)(wei)(wei)置的(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，稱(cheng)為測(ce)量(liang)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。(3)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun):加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)時工(gong)件(jian)(jian)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)所用(yong)的(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，機械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)報(bao)價單，稱(cheng)為定位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。作(zuo)為定位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(或線(xian)、點)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)道工(gong)序中只能選擇(ze)未(wei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)毛坯表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，這種(zhong)(zhong)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)稱(cheng)粗基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)以后(hou)的(de)(de)各個工(gong)序中就可采用(yong)已加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)作(zuo)為定位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，這種(zhong)(zhong)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)稱(cheng)精基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。

機械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)是一種用(yong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)機械(xie)對(dui)工(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)外形尺寸或性(xing)(xing)能進行(xing)改變的(de)(de)過程。按被加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)工(gong)件(jian)處(chu)于的(de)(de)溫度(du)狀態﹐分為冷加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)和熱(re)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)。采用(yong)數控操作，可減少生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工(gong)人，節約(yue)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)成本；采用(yong)自動檢(jian)測及監控裝置(zhi)，有利(li)于提(ti)高(gao)工(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)穩(wen)定性(xing)(xing)。機械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)處(chu)理辦法有熱(re)處(chu)理。熱(re)處(chu)理工(gong)序的(de)(de)安排是為了提(ti)高(gao)金屬的(de)(de)切削(xue)性(xing)(xing)能，通常(chang)在(zai)機械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)前進行(xing)。為了消除內(nei)應(ying)力(li)，安徽機械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)，一般在(zai)粗加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)之后，精加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)之前進行(xing)。為了提(ti)高(gao)零(ling)件(jian)的(de)(de)機械(xie)性(xing)(xing)能，滲碳、淬火(huo)、回火(huo)等，一般經(jing)過機械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)后才進行(xing)。