光伏效應：

如(ru)果光(guang)(guang)線照(zhao)射在(zai)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)上(shang)并(bing)(bing)且(qie)光(guang)(guang)在(zai)界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)層被吸收(shou)，具有(you)足夠能(neng)(neng)(neng)量的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)子(zi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠在(zai)P型硅(gui)和N型硅(gui)中(zhong)(zhong)將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)從(cong)共價鍵中(zhong)(zhong)激發(fa)，以致(zhi)產(chan)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)-空(kong)穴(xue)對(dui)(dui)。界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)層附近的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)和空(kong)穴(xue)在(zai)復合(he)之前，將(jiang)通(tong)過空(kong)間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場作(zuo)用(yong)被相互分離(li)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)向帶(dai)正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)N區和空(kong)穴(xue)向帶(dai)負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)P區運動。通(tong)過界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)層的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)分離(li)，將(jiang)在(zai)P區和N區之間產(chan)生一個(ge)向外的(de)(de)(de)可測試(shi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。此時可在(zai)硅(gui)片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)邊加(jia)上(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極并(bing)(bing)接入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓表。對(dui)(dui)晶體硅(gui)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)來(lai)說，開路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)(de)典型數值為(wei)0.5～0.6V。通(tong)過光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)在(zai)界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)層產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)－空(kong)穴(xue)對(dui)(dui)越多(duo)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流越大。界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)層吸收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)越多(duo)，界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)層即電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積越大，家用(yong)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，在(zai)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)形成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流也越大。

光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)能夠與(yu)建(jian)筑物相(xiang)結合，形成光(guang)伏(fu)建(jian)筑一體化的(de)系統，減少土地資(zi)源的(de)浪(lang)費。歷史與(yu)現狀太陽(yang)能光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)的(de)歷史可以追溯到1839年法國物理學家(jia)貝克(ke)勒爾首1次發(fa)(fa)(fa)現光(guang)伏(fu)效應。此(ci)后，各國科學家(jia)不斷探索，1954年塊實用(yong)光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)池問世(shi)，這意味著太陽(yang)能光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)逐步進入產(chan)業化發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)道(dao)路。進入21世(shi)紀，太陽(yang)能電(dian)池向擴展(zhan)，成為一種重要的(de)可再生能源。

如(ru)何去(qu)測算太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)盈(ying)利：二(er)塊電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)(biao)有3個(ge)讀(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)表(biao)(biao)(biao)讀(du)數、雙(shuang)重(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)(biao)反方向(xiang)讀(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，雙(shuang)重(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)(biao)順向(xiang)讀(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。盈(ying)利=太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)表(biao)(biao)(biao)讀(du)數*(國補(bu)(bu) 省補(bu)(bu)) 雙(shuang)重(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)(biao)反方向(xiang)讀(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)*本地煙氣脫(tuo)硫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)費裝上太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，不一定就(jiu)無需電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力網的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)了，在(zai)下(xia)雨天和夜(ye)里沒有太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)時(shi)還(huan)是(shi)要(yao)(yao)向(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力網取(qu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，因(yin)而還(huan)是(shi)要(yao)(yao)向(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力網企業繳(jiao)納水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)費，并且電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力網收的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)費還(huan)比(bi)賣(mai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)價錢(qian)也要(yao)(yao)高許多。