擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)基施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，灰土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，環保擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，水泥土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，素土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，夯(hang)擴(kuo)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，沉(chen)管擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，強夯(hang)地基施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，碎石擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)螺紋樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，鉆孔灌注樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，軟土(tu)地基施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，灰土(tu)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，我公司主營：擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程

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強夯法的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工主要包括施(shi)(shi)工機具和施(shi)(shi)工要點。隨著(zhu)強夯技術(shu)的(de)(de)不斷發展，施(shi)(shi)工機具由(you)初(chu)期的(de)(de)小(xiao)型或自制設備逐(zhu)步(bu)發展到大(da)型的(de)(de)設備，而且(qie)施(shi)(shi)工方法也(ye)逐(zhu)漸成熟(shu)，加固(gu)效果更(geng)加顯著(zhu)。

1. 施工機具

1) 履帶(dai)式(shi)吊車。一(yi)般采用15t—50t履帶(dai)式(shi)吊車。

2) 夯(hang)錘(chui)(chui)。夯(hang)錘(chui)(chui)質(zhi)量可取10—40t，其(qi)底(di)面(mian)形式宜采用圓型。錘(chui)(chui)底(di)面(mian)積宜按土(tu)的(de)性(xing)質(zhi)確定(ding)，錘(chui)(chui)底(di)靜接地(di)壓力(li)值(zhi)可取25—40Kpa，擠密樁施工費用，對(dui)于細顆粒土(tu)錘(chui)(chui)底(di)靜壓力(li)宜取較小值(zhi)。錘(chui)(chui)的(de)底(di)面(mian)應對(dui)稱設置若干個與其(qi)頂面(mian)貫(guan)通的(de)排氣(qi)孔(kong)，孔(kong)徑可取250—300mm。

3) 脫(tuo)鉤(gou)裝(zhuang)置。采(cai)用的自動脫(tuo)鉤(gou)裝(zhuang)置，規格以滿足起吊夯(hang)錘重(zhong)量為宜(yi)。

4) 推土(tu)機(ji)。采用70—220型(xing)履帶式推土(tu)機(ji)。

2． 施工要點

1）強夯施工(gong)前，應查明場地范圍(wei)內的地下構建物和各種地下管線的位置和標(biao)高等，并(bing)采取必(bi)要措施，以(yi)免(mian)因強夯施工(gong)而造(zao)成破壞。

2) 當(dang)強夯施工所(suo)產生(sheng)的(de)振動，對(dui)鄰近建筑物或設備產生(sheng)有害影響時，內蒙擠密(mi)樁施工，應(ying)采(cai)取防(fang)振或隔振措(cuo)施。

3）平整施(shi)工場(chang)地(di)，測量，記錄場(chang)地(di)的高程。

4）起(qi)重(zhong)機就位，對準夯點(dian)位置，測量(liang)，記錄(lu)夯前錘頂高程。

擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)基施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，灰土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，環保擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，水泥土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，素土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，夯(hang)擴擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，沉(chen)管擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，強夯(hang)地(di)基施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，碎石擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)螺(luo)紋樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，鉆孔灌注樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，軟土(tu)地(di)基施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，灰土(tu)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，電廠(chang)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，我公(gong)司主營：擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程

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旋挖灌注樁澆注水下混凝土(tu)要求(qiu)

⑴對混凝土(tu)的(de)技術(shu)要(yao)求(qiu)

樁設計要求混凝土(tu)強度為C30，配(pei)比由商品(pin)混凝土(tu)供應商提供，粗骨料(liao)（碎(sui)石）粒(li)徑不得大于25mm，坍落度180～220mm，采用普(pu)通硅酸鹽水(shui)泥，可適當摻加減水(shui)劑，摻量根據試驗確定。配(pei)制的混凝土(tu)應具有良(liang)好的工作性能。

⑵混(hun)凝(ning)土澆(jiao)注前由技術人員檢查(cha)混(hun)凝(ning)土塌(ta)落度并記(ji)錄。混(hun)凝(ning)土在運輸、澆(jiao)筑過程(cheng)中不能產生離析(xi)現象(xiang)。

⑶導管內(nei)使用的隔水塞球膽大(da)小要(yao)合適，安裝(zhuang)要(yao)正，一般位于水面以上。灌注混凝土前(qian)孔口要(yao)蓋嚴，防止混凝土落入孔中污染(ran)泥漿。

⑷混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)首(shou)灌量應(ying)灌至導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)下口(kou)2m以上，保(bao)證(zheng)首(shou)灌導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)埋入(ru)(ru)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)為3m左右。混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)澆(jiao)注時，導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)下口(kou)埋入(ru)(ru)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)的深度不小(xiao)于2m，不大(da)于6m，設專人及時測定，以便(bian)掌握導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)提升高度。每次拆(chai)卸導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，必(bi)須(xu)經過(guo)測量計算導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)埋深，然后確定卸管(guan)(guan)(guan)長度，使(shi)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)處于流動(dong)狀態，并(bing)作(zuo)好澆(jiao)注施工(gong)記錄。混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)灌注必(bi)須(xu)連續進行，中(zhong)間不得間斷。拆(chai)除(chu)后的導(dao)(dao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)放入(ru)(ru)架子中(zhong)并(bing)及時清洗干凈。

擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)基(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，灰(hui)(hui)土擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，環保擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，水泥(ni)土擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，素土擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，夯(hang)擴擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，沉管擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，大型廠房(fang)擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，強夯(hang)地(di)基(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，碎(sui)石擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)螺(luo)紋樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，鉆孔灌注(zhu)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，軟土地(di)基(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，灰(hui)(hui)土樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，我公司主(zhu)營(ying)：擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)程

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強夯法加固機理

強(qiang)夯(hang)法(fa)(fa)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于碎石(shi)土(tu)(tu)、砂土(tu)(tu)、低飽和度粉土(tu)(tu)、粘性土(tu)(tu)、濕陷性黃(huang)土(tu)(tu)、高(gao)回填(tian)(tian)土(tu)(tu)、雜填(tian)(tian)土(tu)(tu)等地(di)基加固工程。強(qiang)夯(hang)置換(huan)法(fa)(fa)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于高(gao)飽和度的粉土(tu)(tu)與軟~塑(su)流(liu)塑(su)的粘性土(tu)(tu)等地(di)基上對變形控制要求(qiu)不嚴(yan)的工程。強(qiang)夯(hang)置換(huan)法(fa)(fa)在設計前要通過現場確定其適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)性和處(chu)理效(xiao)果。

強夯(hang)法(fa)加固(gu)地基有(you)三種(zhong)不同(tong)的(de)加固(gu)機理：動力(li)密實、動力(li)固(gu)結和動力(li)置換。取決于地基土的(de)類(lei)別和強夯(hang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝。

動(dong)力(li)密實：采(cai)用強(qiang)(qiang)夯加(jia)固多孔隙(xi)、粗(cu)顆粒、非(fei)飽和土(tu)(tu)是基(ji)于動(dong)力(li)密實的(de)機理，即用沖(chong)擊(ji)型動(dong)力(li)荷(he)載，使土(tu)(tu)體(ti)中的(de)孔隙(xi)減小，土(tu)(tu)體(ti)變(bian)得(de)密實，從而提高地基(ji)土(tu)(tu)強(qiang)(qiang)度。

動力(li)固(gu)結：巨大(da)的(de)沖擊(ji)能量(liang)在土中產生很(hen)大(da)的(de)應力(li)波，破壞了土體原有的(de)結構，使土體局部發生液化(hua)產生許多裂隙，增加了排(pai)水(shui)通道，使孔(kong)隙水(shui)順利逸出(chu)，待超孔(kong)隙水(shui)壓力(li)消散后，土體固(gu)結。由于軟土的(de)觸(chu)變(bian)性，強度(du)得到提高。

動力(li)置(zhi)(zhi)換：①整式(shi)置(zhi)(zhi)換：將碎石整體擠入淤泥中，作用機理類似于換土(tu)墊層(ceng)。②樁(zhuang)式(shi)置(zhi)(zhi)換：形成(cheng)樁(zhuang)式(shi)或墩(dun)式(shi)的(de)碎石墩(dun)或樁(zhuang)。其作用機理類似于振沖法等形成(cheng)的(de)碎石樁(zhuang)。