擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)基(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，灰土擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，環保擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，水(shui)泥土擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，素土擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，夯擴擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，沉(chen)管擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，強夯地基(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，碎石擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)螺紋樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，鉆孔灌注樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，軟土地基(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，灰土樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，山西擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，我公司主營(ying)：擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)

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基礎質(zhi)量(liang)的好壞，對(dui)房屋的安(an)全(quan)作用和耐久性影響(xiang)甚大(da)，是施(shi)工(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)的關鍵，所(suo)以施(shi)工(gong)中要(yao)十分(fen)注意。其中，影響(xiang)基礎工(gong)程質(zhi)量(liang)的因(yin)素有許多，施(shi)工(gong)中也會遇(yu)到(dao)好多新的問題。

質量通病

通病一：土（灰土）樁(zhuang)不密實、斷裂

現象(xiang)：樁孔回填不均勻，夯擊不密(mi)實，密(mi)松不一(yi)，樁身疏松甚至斷裂。

措(cuo)施：填夯(hang)(hang)(hang)過程(cheng)中，嚴(yan)格控制夯(hang)(hang)(hang)實質量，若(ruo)夯(hang)(hang)(hang)擊次(ci)數不夠應(ying)適當(dang)增加夯(hang)(hang)(hang)擊數。若(ruo)遇(yu)孔(kong)壁塌方，應(ying)停止夯(hang)(hang)(hang)填，先(xian)將塌方清除，然后用C10混凝土灌入塌方處，再(zai)繼續回填夯(hang)(hang)(hang)實。

通病二：碎石擠(ji)密(mi)樁樁身縮頸

現象：形成的碎石擠(ji)密(mi)樁樁身局(ju)部直(zhi)徑小于設(she)計要求，一般(ban)在地下(xia)水位以下(xia)或(huo)飽和的粘性土中容易發生。

措施：

（1）拔(ba)管(guan)(guan)速度一般控制(zhi)在0.8～1.5m/min(根(gen)據地(di)區、地(di)質不同(tong)選擇拔(ba)管(guan)(guan)速度)。每拔(ba)0.5～1.0m停止(zhi)拔(ba)管(guan)(guan)，原地(di)振動10～30s。反復進行，直到拔(ba)出地(di)面。

（2）采用反(fan)插(cha)法(fa)克(ke)服(fu)縮頸。局部(bu)反(fan)插(cha)法(fa)：在發生(sheng)部(bu)位(wei)進行(xing)(xing)反(fan)插(cha)，并往下多插(cha)入1m。全部(bu)反(fan)插(cha)法(fa)：開始從樁(zhuang)端至柱頂全部(bu)進行(xing)(xing)反(fan)插(cha)，即開始拔管1m，再反(fan)插(cha)到底，以后每(mei)拔出(chu)1m，反(fan)插(cha)0.5m，直到拔出(chu)地面。

（3）采(cai)用(yong)復(fu)(fu)打法(fa)克(ke)服縮頸(jing)。局部復(fu)(fu)打法(fa)：在發生部位進行(xing)復(fu)(fu)打，超深(shen)(shen)1m。全復(fu)(fu)打法(fa)：即(ji)為二(er)次單打法(fa)的重復(fu)(fu)，應注意同(tong)軸沉入到原深(shen)(shen)度，灌入同(tong)樣的石(shi)料。

擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁基施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，灰(hui)土(tu)(tu)擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，環(huan)保擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，水泥土(tu)(tu)擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，素土(tu)(tu)擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，夯擴擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，沉管擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，強(qiang)夯地基施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，碎(sui)石擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)螺紋樁施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，鉆孔灌注樁施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，軟土(tu)(tu)地基施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，灰(hui)土(tu)(tu)樁施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，我公司主營：擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁工(gong)(gong)程

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強(qiang)夯(hang)(hang)法(fa)處理。強(qiang)夯(hang)(hang)法(fa)是利用重錘自由落下的(de)(de)巨大沖(chong)力(li)能所產沖(chong)擊(ji)波反(fan)復夯(hang)(hang)擊(ji)地基土(tu)(tu)，山西擠密(mi)樁(zhuang)施工(gong)(gong)，將夯(hang)(hang)面以下一定深度(du)地土(tu)(tu)層夯(hang)(hang)實，山西擠密(mi)樁(zhuang)施工(gong)(gong)廠家，以提高地基的(de)(de)承(cheng)載力(li)和(he)土(tu)(tu)體的(de)(de)穩定性，降低壓(ya)縮(suo)性。由于夯(hang)(hang)擊(ji)能力(li)大，加固(gu)深度(du)也大。對(dui)于一般的(de)(de)軟土(tu)(tu)地基加固(gu)有著良好的(de)(de)效果。現在(zai)常用的(de)(de)強(qiang)夯(hang)(hang)技術(shu)加固(gu)軟土(tu)(tu)地基的(de)(de)方法(fa)有:擠密(mi)碎石樁(zhuang)加夯(hang)(hang)法(fa)、砂樁(zhuang)加夯(hang)(hang)法(fa)、真空/堆載預壓(ya)加強(qiang)夯(hang)(hang)、強(qiang)夯(hang)(hang)碎石墩。

粉(fen)(fen)煤灰(hui)(hui)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)法(fa)。粉(fen)(fen)煤灰(hui)(hui)具有(you)(you)容量(liang)小，滲透性(xing)(xing)(xing)好，有(you)(you)較高的(de)靜力抗(kang)剪強度，較低(di)的(de)壓縮性(xing)(xing)(xing)，與石灰(hui)(hui)等堿性(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)質產生(sheng)水化反應(ying)(ying)后產生(sheng)凝硬性(xing)(xing)(xing)。根據軟土(tu)地(di)基存在的(de)弱點，利用(yong)粉(fen)(fen)煤灰(hui)(hui)可處(chu)理軟土(tu)地(di)基。粉(fen)(fen)煤灰(hui)(hui)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)的(de)主(zhu)要有(you)(you)二(er)灰(hui)(hui)樁，粉(fen)(fen)煤灰(hui)(hui)混(hun)凝土(tu)樁，粉(fen)(fen)煤灰(hui)(hui)固結樁等，與土(tu)體(ti)形(xing)成(cheng)復合地(di)基加(jia)固深層軟土(tu)地(di)基。

二灰(hui)樁(zhuang)法。(1)以粉(fen)煤灰(hui)為主的(de)二灰(hui)樁(zhuang)，主要是(shi)對軟土地(di)基(ji)產生擠密(mi)和置換(huan)作用(yong)。用(yong)于軟土地(di)基(ji)加固時，使復(fu)合地(di)基(ji)承載(zai)力較(jiao)天然地(di)基(ji)承載(zai)力提高了142%，樁(zhuang)間(jian)土承載(zai)力提高了46%。(2)以石灰(hui)為主的(de)石灰(hui)—粉(fen)煤灰(hui)樁(zhuang)，配比為粉(fen)煤灰(hui):生石灰(hui)=3:7-1:9，主要對地(di)基(ji)產生置換(huan)，山西(xi)擠密(mi)樁(zhuang)施工設備租賃，成(cheng)孔擠密(mi)，膨脹擠密(mi)，脫(tuo)水(shui)擠密(mi)和膠凝(ning)作用(yong)。

擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)基(ji)施(shi)工(gong)，灰土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)，環保擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)，水泥土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)，素土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)，夯(hang)(hang)擴擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)，沉管擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)，強夯(hang)(hang)地基(ji)施(shi)工(gong)，碎(sui)石(shi)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)螺紋樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)，鉆孔灌注樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)，軟土(tu)地基(ji)施(shi)工(gong)，灰土(tu)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)，我公司主營：擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)程

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冬季施工不能忽視的關鍵點

冬(dong)季(ji)天氣寒冷，施工(gong)困(kun)難，同時又臨近年底和(he)春節，一(yi)些施工(gong)企(qi)業經(jing)常會忘掉安全而一(yi)味地(di)搶進度求效益，這是安全事故多(duo)發(fa)癥結所在。冬(dong)季(ji)施工(gong)要注意(yi)以(yi)下九(jiu)個方面的問題：

1、強化工期管控

為確保工(gong)(gong)期，一些(xie)(xie)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位(wei)往往出現不(bu)(bu)具備施(shi)工(gong)(gong)條件就(jiu)開工(gong)(gong)的(de)問題，從而導(dao)致施(shi)工(gong)(gong)過程中的(de)蠻干、濫(lan)干。一些(xie)(xie)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位(wei)，為了搶進(jin)度不(bu)(bu)注重(zhong)安全(quan)管理(li)，在安全(quan)設施(shi)不(bu)(bu)齊(qi)備的(de)情況下進(jin)行(xing)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)，存在僥幸(xing)心理(li)。

結果事故發生后(hou)，員工(gong)受到(dao)傷害，機械設備遭(zao)到(dao)破壞(huai)，工(gong)地整(zheng)頓，非但進度上(shang)不(bu)去(qu)，反(fan)而會耽(dan)誤(wu)了工(gong)期(qi)。

進(jin)度依(yi)賴于安全(quan)，安全(quan)推動著進(jin)度，進(jin)度服從于安全(quan)，安全(quan)反過(guo)來保證進(jin)度。

2、強化(hua)現場(chang)防(fang)凍防(fang)滑管理

遇到雨(yu)雪(xue)天氣(qi)(qi)，要及(ji)時清(qing)除施(shi)(shi)(shi)工現(xian)場的積水積雪(xue)。加(jia)強從(cong)業人(ren)員(yuan)冬季施(shi)(shi)(shi)工的御寒防(fang)護，作(zuo)業人(ren)員(yuan)必須采取有效的防(fang)滑(hua)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)，嚴禁雨(yu)雪(xue)和大風天氣(qi)(qi)組織(zhi)室(shi)外施(shi)(shi)(shi)工作(zuo)業。

對施(shi)工現(xian)場腳手(shou)架(jia)、安全網等防(fang)護設施(shi)要(yao)定期檢(jian)查。腳手(shou)架(jia)、腳手(shou)板有冰雪(xue)積留時(shi)，施(shi)工前(qian)應清除(chu)干凈，尤其是連墻件和竹笆層的檢(jian)查，松動的扣件要(yao)及(ji)時(shi)擰緊，破損的竹笆應立(li)即更換。腳手(shou)架(jia)拆除(chu)要(yao)嚴(yan)格按照規(gui)定程序(xu)，不(bu)得(de)隨意拆除(chu)。