做外(wai)墻保溫要找正(zheng)規施(shi)工單位

隨著氣(qi)溫(wen)轉涼，外(wai)墻保(bao)溫(wen)工(gong)(gong)程升(sheng)溫(wen)，而不少(shao)市民對于保(bao)溫(wen)工(gong)(gong)程的(de)注意(yi)事項(xiang)并(bing)不了(le)(le)(le)解。許(xu)多市民眼見天冷(leng)了(le)(le)(le)，就(jiu)會(hui)想到保(bao)溫(wen)問題，也(ye)就(jiu)出現了(le)(le)(le)扎堆做(zuo)保(bao)溫(wen)的(de)現象。下面就(jiu)是一位朱先生，自己(ji)找了(le)(le)(le)施工(gong)(gong)后的(de)一些擔憂(you)！

朱先生(sheng)(sheng)說(shuo)：“我早就(jiu)想做(zuo)(zuo)外墻保溫(wen)了，一(yi)(yi)直(zhi)等(deng)著小區的(de)消息(xi)，結果一(yi)(yi)直(zhi)沒等(deng)到結果，干脆自己做(zuo)(zuo)。”前(qian)段時間(jian)他(ta)(ta)找來了一(yi)(yi)家施工(gong)(gong)隊，“4個工(gong)(gong)人，也就(jiu)兩天，就(jiu)完工(gong)(gong)了。”施工(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)承(cheng)諾，室溫(wen)提高 5℃沒問題。他(ta)(ta)說(shuo)：“如(ru)果今年冬天房子不(bu)熱，真不(bu)知(zhi)道去(qu)哪里找。”除(chu)了保溫(wen)效果，朱先生(sheng)(sheng)比較擔(dan)心的(de)是施工(gong)(gong)質量。“他(ta)(ta)們好(hao)像沒把舊墻皮打磨干凈。”朱先生(sheng)(sheng)說(shuo)，“如(ru)果粘得不(bu)牢(lao)靠(kao)，刮風下雨的(de)，保溫(wen)板掉(diao)下來傷了人，那可怎么好(hao)？”經過記者(zhe)采(cai)訪兩家正規施工(gong)(gong)隊之后，發現(xian)施工(gong)(gong)質量真的(de)令人堪(kan)憂。

保溫材(cai)(cai)料(liao)主要分聚苯(ben)(ben)板(ban)(ban)、擠塑板(ban)(ban)兩(liang)大(da)類(lei)；根據其(qi)燃(ran)(ran)燒性(xing)能(neng)劃(hua)分為(wei)(wei)(wei) A 級(ji)(不燃(ran)(ran))、B1(難(nan)燃(ran)(ran))、B2(可(ke)燃(ran)(ran))、B3()4 個(ge)消(xiao)防等級(ji)，A 級(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)酚醛保溫或(huo)者巖棉(mian)板(ban)(ban)，現在(zai)一(yi)般工(gong)地都是 B1 級(ji)聚苯(ben)(ben)板(ban)(ban)或(huo)者擠塑板(ban)(ban)。劣質(zhi)苯(ben)(ben)板(ban)(ban)多使用(yong)廢舊材(cai)(cai)料(liao)填充，有(you)的(de)加工(gong)廠為(wei)(wei)(wei)增加苯(ben)(ben)板(ban)(ban)容重，甚(shen)至還往苯(ben)(ben)板(ban)(ban)里加水灌(guan)沙子；使用(yong)劣質(zhi)苯(ben)(ben)板(ban)(ban)有(you)兩(liang)個(ge)隱患，一(yi)是容易(yi)引起火災，二(er)是墻體材(cai)(cai)料(liao)容易(yi)脫落。為(wei)(wei)(wei)避免偷工(gong)減料(liao)等事(shi)件發生(sheng)，首先查看工(gong)人(ren)有(you)沒有(you)把墻皮打磨干凈，也可(ke)以(yi)將(jiang)保溫板(ban)(ban)稱重，一(yi)塊質(zhi)量一(yi)般在(zai) 1.16 公斤-1.17 公斤，若(ruo)偏差太大(da)，可(ke)能(neng)存在(zai)質(zhi)量問題(ti)。也可(ke)以(yi)將(jiang)網格布抽出一(yi)根絲來，打個(ge)結拉(la)一(yi)拉(la)，如果一(yi)拉(la)就(jiu)斷，也存在(zai)質(zhi)量問題(ti)。

建議(yi)(yi)業(ye)主找有(you)資質的(de)(de)公(gong)司(si)做外墻保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)，并簽訂書面協議(yi)(yi)。就所(suo)用的(de)(de)材料(liao)類型、 施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)具體(ti)要求、 質保(bao)(bao)期做出(chu)約定(ding)。 這(zhe)樣做有(you)以下好處： 在施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中， 工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)發生(sheng)事故，公(gong)司(si)承(cheng)擔(dan)賠(pei)償(chang)(chang)責(ze)任，而(er)業(ye)主找施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)隊(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，業(ye)主與包工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頭、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)形成的(de)(de)是承(cheng)攬(lan)合同關(guan)系或者(zhe)個人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)勞務關(guan)系，施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中發生(sheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)傷1亡或者(zhe)造成他(ta)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)傷害、財產(chan)損失，此 時(shi)業(ye)主難免不承(cheng)擔(dan)賠(pei)償(chang)(chang)責(ze)任；以后使用中，如保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)墻脫落(luo)致他(ta)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)傷害、財產(chan)受損，保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)墻的(de)(de)所(suo)有(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、使用人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不能證明(ming)自己沒有(you)過(guo)錯要承(cheng)擔(dan)侵權(quan)責(ze)任， 若查(cha)明(ming)脫落(luo)屬于保(bao)(bao)修期內的(de)(de)質量問題(ti)，可以向施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)追償(chang)(chang)，包括出(chu)現的(de)(de)其(qi)它質量問題(ti)，業(ye)主向作(zuo)為施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)公(gong)司(si)追償(chang)(chang)和維權(quan)起來(lai)，相對容易，有(you)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)。在您做外墻保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)時(shi)候千萬不要找施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，浮(fu)筑樓板保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)隔(ge)聲減(jian)振板直銷，一定(ding)要找正規(gui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位。

為實現國家建(jian)(jian)筑節能規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)，住建(jian)(jian)部(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)有關部(bu)(bu)(bu)門先后對外(wai)墻保(bao)溫(wen)系(xi)統做了一系(xi)列(lie)規(gui)范(fan)與(yu)規(gui)定：《外(wai)墻外(wai)保(bao)溫(wen)技(ji)術(shu)規(gui)程》JGJ-144，對外(wai)墻保(bao)溫(wen)系(xi)統材(cai)料、施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝、驗收標(biao)準等(deng)做了詳(xiang)細規(gui)定；公(gong)(gong)1安(an)1部(bu)(bu)(bu)住建(jian)(jian)部(bu)(bu)(bu)聯(lian)合(he)下(xia)發【公(gong)(gong)通(tong)49 號】文(wen)件(jian)，對外(wai)墻保(bao)溫(wen)系(xi)統防(fang)火與(yu)節能進(jin)行(xing)嚴格規(gui)范(fan)，建(jian)(jian)筑節能有序按規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)進(jin)行(xing)。促(cu)生公(gong)(gong)1安(an)1部(bu)(bu)(bu)消防(fang)局2011 年【公(gong)(gong)消65 號】文(wen)件(jian)，要求建(jian)(jian)筑外(wai)墻保(bao)溫(wen)一律采用燃燒性能為***的保(bao)溫(wen)材(cai)料。

外墻保溫施(shi)工過程驗收(shou)

外墻(qiang)保溫(wen)施(shi)工過程驗(yan)收

1、進入現(xian)場的各種材料的品種與技術性(xing)能(neng)應符合設計和(he)產(chan)品質量要求。

2、保溫系(xi)統(tong)各(ge)層(ceng)的構造(zao)應符合設計要求及有關技術規程或圖(tu)集規定。

3、防護層無空鼓或開裂現象。

4、網格布與保溫層緊密接觸，無(wu)翹曲現象。

2、工程質量評定驗收(shou)標準

（1）墻體表面光(guang)潔平整、無1修補(bu)痕跡、無接茬、觀感(gan)好。

（2）陰陽角垂直方正(zheng)、符合(he)質量(liang)規(gui)(gui)定要求。立面垂直度及表面平整度允許(xu)偏差(cha)應符合(he)相關(guan)規(gui)(gui)定。

3、整體墻表面無(wu)空鼓、無(wu)裂縫、無(wu)ban點、色澤均(jun)勻。