無(wu)硫紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)硫含量檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)主(zhu)要應用于保護、檔案管理(li)及特種造紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)業(ye)，以(yi)確(que)保紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張的長(chang)期保存(cun)性能。以(yi)下是幾種常用檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)及其技術(shu)要點：###一、燃(ran)燒(shao)-碘(dian)量法(fa)(fa)(fa)**原(yuan)理(li)**：通過(guo)高溫(wen)燃(ran)燒(shao)分解(jie)(jie)(jie)樣品，將硫元素轉(zhuan)化為SO?氣(qi)體，謝崗防霉(mei)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，用碘(dian)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)溶液吸收后(hou)滴(di)定(ding)定(ding)量。**步驟**：1.取1-2g樣品剪(jian)碎，置(zhi)于管式爐石英(ying)舟中；2.通入(ru)氧(yang)氣(qi)流(liu)，1250℃高溫(wen)燃(ran)燒(shao)；3.釋放(fang)氣(qi)體經(jing)3%吸收生(sheng)成H?SO?；4.用離子色(se)(se)譜或比濁法(fa)(fa)(fa)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)硫酸(suan)根離子濃度(du)。**特點**：檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)限(xian)可(ke)達0.5ppm，但需(xu)設備(bei)，操作(zuo)耗時。###二(er)、X射(she)線(xian)(xian)熒光(guang)(guang)光(guang)(guang)譜法(fa)(fa)(fa)（XRF）**原(yuan)理(li)**：利用X射(she)線(xian)(xian)激發樣品原(yuan)子，通過(guo)特征X射(she)線(xian)(xian)能譜分析(xi)硫元素。**步驟**：1.樣品壓片處理(li)或直接(jie)放(fang)置(zhi)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試艙；2.設置(zhi)管電(dian)壓40kV，電(dian)流(liu)1mA；3.采集S-Kα特征譜線(xian)(xian)（2.308keV）強度(du)；4.采用標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)曲線(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)定(ding)量。**優勢**：無(wu)損檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)，單次分析(xi)###三、離子色(se)(se)譜法(fa)(fa)(fa)（IC）**前處理(li)**：1.取0.5g樣品于聚四(si)氟乙烯消解(jie)(jie)(jie)罐；2.加入(ru)5mL微波消解(jie)(jie)(jie)（180℃，30min）；3.定(ding)容(rong)至50mL后(hou)過(guo)0.45μm濾膜。**分析(xi)條件**：-色(se)(se)譜柱：DionexIonPacAS11-HC（4×250mm）-淋洗液：20mMKOH梯(ti)度(du)洗脫-流(liu)速：1.2mL/min，電(dian)導(dao)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)**靈敏度(du)**：可(ke)達0.05μg/g，相對標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)偏差(cha)###四(si)、質量控(kong)制(zhi)要點1.取樣需(xu)避開紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張邊緣5cm，多點取樣混合；2.使用無(wu)硫容(rong)器（如(ru)(ru)聚材(cai)質）儲存(cun)樣品；3.每批測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)試需(xu)帶空白樣和(he)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)物質（如(ru)(ru)NISTSRM8493）；4.實驗(yan)室環境(jing)應控(kong)制(zhi)濕度(du)建議優先選擇IC法(fa)(fa)(fa)或ICP-MS法(fa)(fa)(fa)（檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)限(xian)0.01ppm）進行(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)，XRF法(fa)(fa)(fa)適用于生(sheng)產現場(chang)快速監(jian)控(kong)。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)過(guo)程(cheng)應參照ISO15320:2011《紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)漿、紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張中硫元素測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)》標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)執行(xing)，數據偏差(cha)超過(guo)10%時需(xu)復檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)證。

正確測(ce)(ce)量(liang)和(he)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)儲(chu)存(cun)(cun)(cun)無硫紙的(de)環境溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)是(shi)確保(bao)其長期保(bao)存(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)關鍵環節。以(yi)下(xia)(xia)為(wei)具體(ti)操(cao)作(zuo)指南：###一、溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)方法1.**設(she)備(bei)(bei)選擇(ze)**采(cai)用高精度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)數字溫(wen)濕(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)(ji)（誤差≤±0.5℃）或聯(lian)網式溫(wen)濕(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)傳感器，優先選擇(ze)帶(dai)(dai)數據存(cun)(cun)(cun)儲(chu)功能的(de)設(she)備(bei)(bei)，便(bian)于追溯歷史數據。工(gong)業級(ji)(ji)(ji)溫(wen)控(kong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)適合(he)大型倉儲(chu)環境。2.**布(bu)點(dian)原則**在儲(chu)存(cun)(cun)(cun)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間內按'三點(dian)定(ding)位(wei)法'布(bu)置(zhi)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)點(dian)：頂部（距天花板1m）、中部（貨架層）、底部（距地面0.5m）。每100㎡至少設(she)置(zhi)5個監(jian)測(ce)(ce)點(dian)，避開空(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)出(chu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)、門(men)窗等溫(wen)變區域(yu)。3.**校準維護(hu)(hu)**每季度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)使用NIST認證的(de)基準溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)(ji)進行(xing)現(xian)場校準，定(ding)期清潔傳感器探頭，防止灰(hui)塵影響靈(ling)敏度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。建(jian)(jian)議配置(zhi)冗余設(she)備(bei)(bei)進行(xing)交叉驗證。###二(er)、溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)技術1.**環境調(diao)控(kong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)**安裝恒(heng)溫(wen)恒(heng)濕(shi)(shi)機(ji)組（建(jian)(jian)議±1℃控(kong)溫(wen)精度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)），配合(he)新風(feng)(feng)(feng)過(guo)濾系(xi)(xi)統(tong)。設(she)定(ding)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)標(biao)準為(wei)18-22℃，波動幅度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)超過(guo)±2℃/24h。級(ji)(ji)(ji)存(cun)(cun)(cun)儲(chu)需采(cai)用惰(duo)性(xing)氣體(ti)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)柜（溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)精度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)±0.5℃）。2.**熱緩(huan)(huan)沖設(she)計(ji)(ji)**庫(ku)房(fang)采(cai)用雙(shuang)層中空(kong)(kong)(kong)隔熱墻(qiang)體(ti)（傳熱系(xi)(xi)數≤0.4W/(㎡·K)），安裝low-e鍍(du)膜玻璃（遮陽系(xi)(xi)數SC≤0.3）。貨架距外墻(qiang)保(bao)持1.5m緩(huan)(huan)沖帶(dai)(dai)，地面鋪設(she)3cm橡塑保(bao)溫(wen)墊。3.**動態監(jian)控(kong)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)**部署物聯(lian)測(ce)(ce)平臺，設(she)置(zhi)三級(ji)(ji)(ji)預警(jing)：一級(ji)(ji)(ji)預警(jing)（溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)超23℃啟(qi)(qi)動風(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)），二(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)預警(jing)（超25℃制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)），三級(ji)(ji)(ji)預警(jing)（超28℃觸發應急排熱）。配置(zhi)雙(shuang)回(hui)路(lu)供電+72小(xiao)時UPS備(bei)(bei)用電源。###三、管理規(gui)范1.建(jian)(jian)立溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)日志制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，每日人工(gong)核查3次(ci)（8:00/14:00/20:00），與自動記錄(lu)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)比對。2.季度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)性(xing)熱成像(xiang)掃描，識別(bie)庫(ku)房(fang)冷(leng)(leng)橋和(he)熱泄漏點(dian)。3.每年(nian)兩(liang)次(ci)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)維護(hu)(hu)（春/秋季），更換空(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)濾網，檢測(ce)(ce)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)劑壓力。特(te)殊(shu)情況下(xia)(xia)（如(ru)天氣），應啟(qi)(qi)動預備(bei)(bei)方案：啟(qi)(qi)用移動式風(feng)(feng)(feng)冷(leng)(leng)機(ji)組，對重點(dian)藏品臨時轉移至過(guo)渡緩(huan)(huan)沖間（預冷(leng)(leng)至18℃）。通過(guo)多(duo)層級(ji)(ji)(ji)溫(wen)控(kong)策略，可(ke)將無硫紙年(nian)劣化率控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)在0.03%以(yi)下(xia)(xia)。

無(wu)(wu)(wu)硫(liu)(liu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)（酸性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)替代品）是(shi)一(yi)種通過特(te)殊工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)生產的(de)(de)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)，其(qi)(qi)特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)在于(yu)不含(han)酸性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)物質（如(ru)(ru)(ru)硫(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)物、明礬等(deng)），并(bing)(bing)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)堿性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)填料（如(ru)(ru)(ru)碳酸鈣(gai)）作為緩(huan)沖劑(ji)(ji)，以(yi)延長紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)壽(shou)命并(bing)(bing)提(ti)(ti)升環保(bao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。以(yi)下(xia)為其(qi)(qi)主(zhu)要特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)：###1.**高耐久(jiu)(jiu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)與(yu)穩(wen)定性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)**無(wu)(wu)(wu)硫(liu)(liu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)pH值通常(chang)維持在7.5-10之間，呈中(zhong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)弱堿性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。這一(yi)特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)可(ke)(ke)有(you)效(xiao)中(zhong)和(he)環境中(zhong)的(de)(de)酸性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)污染物，減(jian)緩(huan)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)自(zi)然老(lao)化(hua)(hua)過程。相比傳統酸性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)（壽(shou)命50-100年(nian)(nian)），防霉紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生產廠家(jia)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)硫(liu)(liu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)保(bao)存期(qi)限(xian)可(ke)(ke)超(chao)過200年(nian)(nian)，且(qie)不易出現(xian)脆化(hua)(hua)、泛黃(huang)或(huo)褪色現(xian)象(xiang)。例如(ru)(ru)(ru)，符合(he)ISO9706標準的(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)(wu)硫(liu)(liu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)需通過加(jia)(jia)速老(lao)化(hua)(hua)測(ce)試，確保(bao)其(qi)(qi)在惡劣環境下(xia)仍能(neng)(neng)保(bao)持物理(li)強度(du)(du)。###2.**環保(bao)生產工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)**其(qi)(qi)生產過程避免(mian)(mian)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)含(han)硫(liu)(liu)漂白劑(ji)(ji)（如(ru)(ru)(ru)），轉(zhuan)而采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)氯漂白技術(shu)(shu)（TCF/ECF），減(jian)少等(deng)有(you)毒物質排放。此外(wai)，堿性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)填料的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)入降低了(le)對木材纖維的(de)(de)消耗(hao)，部分產品使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)回收纖維或(huo)可(ke)(ke)持續原料（如(ru)(ru)(ru)竹(zhu)漿、棉麻(ma)），符合(he)FSC森林認證要求。###3.**多功(gong)能(neng)(neng)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)**無(wu)(wu)(wu)硫(liu)(liu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)表(biao)面平(ping)滑度(du)(du)與(yu)吸墨性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)經過優化(hua)(hua)，可(ke)(ke)適配(pei)多種印刷(shua)技術(shu)(shu)（膠印、數碼印刷(shua)、凹版印刷(shua)），且(qie)油墨附(fu)著(zhu)力強，色彩還原度(du)(du)高。同時(shi)，其(qi)(qi)低粉塵(chen)特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)使其(qi)(qi)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)精密打(da)(da)印設備（如(ru)(ru)(ru)激(ji)光打(da)(da)印機(ji)），減(jian)少卡(ka)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)風險。###4.**廣泛的(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)場(chang)景**?**檔案保(bao)存**：博物館、圖書館常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)其(qi)(qi)制作珍貴(gui)文獻、古籍修復(fu)襯(chen)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。?**藝(yi)(yi)術(shu)(shu)創作**：水彩紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、版畫紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)藝(yi)(yi)術(shu)(shu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)硫(liu)(liu)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)，防潮防霉紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，防止畫作酸化(hua)(hua)損壞。?**商業領域**：合(he)同、證書等(deng)需長期(qi)保(bao)存的(de)(de)文件(jian)普遍使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，符合(he)法律存檔要求（如(ru)(ru)(ru)ANSI/NISOZ39.48標準）。?**包裝行業**：用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)食品包裝，避免(mian)(mian)硫(liu)(liu)遷(qian)移污染內(nei)容(rong)物。###5.**物理(li)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)優化(hua)(hua)**通過調整纖維配(pei)比和(he)濕(shi)強劑(ji)(ji)添加(jia)(jia)，無(wu)(wu)(wu)硫(liu)(liu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)(ke)兼具高耐折(zhe)度(du)(du)（如(ru)(ru)(ru)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)需通過4000次以(yi)上耐折(zhe)測(ce)試）與(yu)抗撕(si)裂性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。部分特(te)種無(wu)(wu)(wu)硫(liu)(liu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)還具有(you)防霉、阻燃等(deng)附(fu)加(jia)(jia)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)。當前無(wu)(wu)(wu)硫(liu)(liu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)市場(chang)以(yi)年(nian)(nian)均(jun)6.2%速度(du)(du)增長（數據(ju)來源：SmithersPira），防霉紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)價格，其(qi)(qi)發展不僅(jin)推動造(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業綠(lv)色轉(zhuan)型(xing)，更為文化(hua)(hua)遺產保(bao)護提(ti)(ti)供(gong)了(le)關(guan)鍵技術(shu)(shu)支(zhi)撐(cheng)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶在選擇(ze)時(shi)需關(guan)注產品是(shi)否(fou)通過國(guo)際(ji)耐久(jiu)(jiu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)認證，并(bing)(bing)結合(he)具體(ti)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途選擇(ze)克重（常(chang)見(jian)80-300gsm）與(yu)表(biao)面處理(li)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)（壓光、涂(tu)布(bu)等(deng)）。