? ? 對需改(gai)造的機床進行現狀調查

不是所有的舊機(ji)床(chuang)都適合進(jin)行(xing)數控改(gai)造，對需改(gai)造的機(ji)床(chuang)要進(jin)行(xing)了解。

對機(ji)(ji)床的(de)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)系(xi)統(tong)要進行測繪做出正確判斷，良好的(de)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)性(xing)能(neng)是(shi)機(ji)(ji)床數(shu)(shu)(shu)控化改造成(cheng)功的(de)基礎(chu)條件，否則，再好的(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)控系(xi)統(tong)也無法發(fa)(fa)揮其應(ying)有的(de)性(xing)能(neng)。因此(ci)，在(zai)機(ji)(ji)床數(shu)(shu)(shu)控改造前(qian)應(ying)對機(ji)(ji)床進行機(ji)(ji)械(xie)精度(du)的(de)檢(jian)測，車床數(shu)(shu)(shu)控改造型號價格，發(fa)(fa)現問(wen)題可(ke)以在(zai)機(ji)(ji)床改造實施過程中進行修復。若機(ji)(ji)床機(ji)(ji)械(xie)系(xi)統(tong)存(cun)在(zai)較多問(wen)題，如舊機(ji)(ji)床在(zai)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)結構(gou)設計、制造時存(cun)在(zai)缺陷，機(ji)(ji)床數(shu)(shu)(shu)控改造就不會有太大的(de)意義。

數控(kong)立(li)車在切削加工(gong)中的重要作用

數控車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)是一(yi)種，機械化程度很高的(de)自動(dong)化機床(chuang)(chuang)，一(yi)般分(fen)為臥式(shi)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)和立(li)式(shi)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)兩大(da)類，立(li)式(shi)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)又稱為數控立(li)車(che)。

盡管數(shu)控(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)提(ti)高(gao)了工(gong)作的(de)效率(lv)，但(dan)是(shi)與普通(tong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)一(yi)樣，也是(shi)用(yong)來(lai)加(jia)工(gong)零件旋轉表面(mian)(mian)的(de)，車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)數(shu)控(kong)(kong)改造聯系(xi)電話，只不(bu)過數(shu)控(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)自(zi)動(dong)化更強一(yi)下(xia)，這也是(shi)科(ke)技給我們帶來(lai)的(de)好處。它不(bu)但(dan)能夠自(zi)動(dong)完(wan)成外圓(yuan)柱面(mian)(mian)、圓(yuan)錐(zhui)面(mian)(mian)、球面(mian)(mian)以及螺紋等(deng)不(bu)規則(ze)立(li)體(ti)面(mian)(mian)的(de)加(jia)工(gong)，而且還能處理加(jia)工(gong)一(yi)些更加(jia)復雜的(de)回(hui)轉面(mian)(mian)，如雙(shuang)曲面(mian)(mian)等(deng)。數(shu)控(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)與普通(tong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)的(de)工(gong)件安裝方式大(da)(da)同小異，數(shu)控(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)大(da)(da)多(duo)采用(yong)液壓、氣動(dong)和(he)(he)電動(dong)卡盤，因此(ci)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)提(ti)高(gao)了加(jia)工(gong)效率(lv)。從外形的(de)角度來(lai)講，車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)數(shu)控(kong)(kong)改造技術，數(shu)控(kong)(kong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)與普通(tong)車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)差別不(bu)是(shi)很大(da)(da)，一(yi)般都是(shi)由車(che)(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)身、主軸(zhou)、刀架、進給系(xi)統壓系(xi)統、冷卻和(he)(he)潤滑系(xi)統等(deng)部分組成。

數控(kong)立(li)(li)車(che)(che)切(qie)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)技(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)主要(yao)基礎(chu)(chu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝，隨著制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)技(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展，在(zai)20世(shi)紀末也取得了很(hen)大的(de)(de)進步(bu)，進入了以(yi)發(fa)(fa)展高速切(qie)削(xue)、開(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)切(qie)削(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝和加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方法、提供成(cheng)套(tao)技(ji)(ji)術為(wei)(wei)特征的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展新(xin)(xin)階(jie)段(duan)。它是制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)業(ye)中重(zhong)要(yao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)部(bu)門，如(ru)汽(qi)車(che)(che)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)、航空航天工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)、能源工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)和新(xin)(xin)興的(de)(de)模具工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)、電(dian)子工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)等部(bu)門主要(yao)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術，南京車(che)(che)床數控(kong)改造(zao)(zao)，也是這(zhe)些工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)部(bu)門迅(xun)速發(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)因素。數控(kong)立(li)(li)車(che)(che)但切(qie)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)技(ji)(ji)術主要(yao)基礎(chu)(chu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的(de)(de)地(di)位不會改變，數控(kong)立(li)(li)車(che)(che)在(zai)開(kai)(kai)環控(kong)制(zhi)伺服電(dian)動(dong)機軸(zhou)上裝有角(jiao)位移檢(jian)(jian)測裝置，通過檢(jian)(jian)測伺服電(dian)動(dong)機的(de)(de)轉角(jiao)間接地(di)檢(jian)(jian)測出運動(dong)部(bu)件(jian)的(de)(de)位移反饋(kui)給(gei)數控(kong)裝置的(de)(de)比較(jiao)器，與輸(shu)入的(de)(de)指(zhi)令(ling)進行比較(jiao)，用差值控(kong)制(zhi)運動(dong)部(bu)件(jian)。

? ? 數控系統設計方案

數(shu)控系(xi)統運動方式的確定

一(yi)般(ban)可以按運(yun)動軌(gui)跡(ji)將數控系統(tong)可分為點位控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)連(lian)續(xu)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系統(tong)兩種。前(qian)者(zhe)只是控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)刀(dao)具從一(yi)點移(yi)到(dao)另(ling)外一(yi)點，對(dui)(dui)于(yu)運(yun)動軌(gui)跡(ji)不(bu)加(jia)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。后者(zhe)則是不(bu)同坐(zuo)標(biao)方向上位移(yi)進行(xing)嚴格連(lian)續(xu)的(de)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。對(dui)(dui)于(yu)加(jia)工簡單(dan)元件的(de)車床，使用(yong)定位控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系統(tong)即(ji)可; 對(dui)(dui)于(yu)需要加(jia)工復雜輪廓(kuo)零件的(de)車床可以選(xuan)擇連(lian)續(xu)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系統(tong)。