三、延長銅包鋁電線壽命的方法

1. 安(an)裝(zhuang)、維護(hu)應按(an)國(guo)家電氣安(an)全標(biao)準規范進(jin)行(xing)，隔離和保護(hu)鋁(lv)(lv)質電線，避免(mian)接觸污染物。安(an)裝(zhuang)時應考慮(lv)鋁(lv)(lv)導線熱膨脹系數大，要進(jin)行(xing)補償，以(yi)避免(mian)因溫度變化(hua)而引起的負荷不良。

2. 降低電流密度和更(geng)換過(guo)(guo)期(qi)電線(xian)，以(yi)避免因過(guo)(guo)載過(guo)(guo)電而造成(cheng)的(de)線(xian)路過(guo)(guo)熱(re)和老(lao)化(hua)。

3. 接(jie)頭處理(li)時應以盡(jin)可能(neng)減少軸向力的方式進行，采用橋接(jie)或插接(jie)方式。

4. 常規檢查(cha)：檢查(cha)接頭(tou)部位是(shi)否發熱(re)，檢查(cha)絕緣狀況是(shi)否良好等。

4. 在(zai)陽(yang)光下放(fang)一個U形的垂(chui)直(zhi)角隔離器(qi)等紅色塑料塊，以防止露天陽(yang)光直(zhi)射在(zai)電(dian)線上。

綜(zong)上，銅包鋁電線(xian)的壽(shou)命(ming)受多種因素影響，預期使(shi)用壽(shou)命(ming)在20-50年不等，但通過科學的安(an)裝、使(shi)用和維護，鋁漆包線(xian)生產廠家，可(ke)以(yi)延長其使(shi)用壽(shou)命(ming)。

銅包鋁和純銅進行以下四(si)方面的(de)比較：

機械特性：

純(chun)(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)導體(ti)(ti)強(qiang)度(du)、伸長率比(bi)(bi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包鋁(lv)導體(ti)(ti)大，也就是說純(chun)(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)機械(xie)性能方(fang)面(mian)比(bi)(bi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包鋁(lv)好(hao)。從電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)設(she)計(ji)的(de)(de)角度(du)來看，純(chun)(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)導體(ti)(ti)比(bi)(bi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包鋁(lv)導體(ti)(ti)機械(xie)強(qiang)度(du)好(hao)的(de)(de)優點(dian)，鋁(lv)漆包線報價(jia)，在(zai)實際應用過程中不(bu)一(yi)(yi)定需要(yao)。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包鋁(lv)導體(ti)(ti)比(bi)(bi)純(chun)(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)輕很多，因(yin)此銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包鋁(lv)的(de)(de)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)在(zai)整體(ti)(ti)重量上比(bi)(bi)純(chun)(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)導體(ti)(ti)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)要(yao)輕，這樣(yang)會給(gei)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)運輸和電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)架(jia)設(she)施工帶來方(fang)便。另(ling)外銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包鋁(lv)比(bi)(bi)純(chun)(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)軟一(yi)(yi)點(dian)，用銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包鋁(lv)導體(ti)(ti)生產的(de)(de)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)在(zai)柔軟性方(fang)面(mian)比(bi)(bi)純(chun)(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)好(hao)一(yi)(yi)點(dian)。

電氣性能：

因為鋁(lv)的導(dao)電性比(bi)銅(tong)差，使得(de)銅(tong)包(bao)鋁(lv)導(dao)體(ti)的直流電阻(zu)比(bi)純銅(tong)導(dao)體(ti)大，無錫鋁(lv)漆包(bao)線，這(zhe)點有無影(ying)響主要(yao) 2014年(nian)中考沖刺綜合(he)復習指導(dao)北京地區試提 廣東地區試提

江蘇地區試提

看(kan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)是(shi)否會(hui)被用供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，如給放(fang)大(da)器提(ti)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，如果被用來供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)話，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)鋁(lv)(lv)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)將會(hui)導致額外的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力消耗(hao)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降低較多(duo)。當(dang)頻率超過5MHz時，此時的(de)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻衰減在這(zhe)兩種不同(tong)的(de)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)下沒有明顯的(de)區別。當(dang)然，這(zhe)主要是(shi)因為高(gao)頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)集膚效(xiao)應(ying)，頻率越高(gao)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)流動(dong)就(jiu)越接近(jin)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)表面，在銅(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)鋁(lv)(lv)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)表面實際(ji)上純銅(tong)(tong)(tong)材料(liao)，當(dang)頻率高(gao)到一定時候，整個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流鍍(du)在銅(tong)(tong)(tong)材質里(li)面流動(dong)了(le)。在5MHz情(qing)況下，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流在近(jin)表面的(de)約0.025毫米(mi)厚度中流動(dong)，而銅(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)鋁(lv)(lv)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)層厚度比此厚度多(duo)約一倍。對于同(tong)軸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，因為傳(chuan)輸的(de)信號(hao)是(shi)在5MHz以上，因此銅(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)鋁(lv)(lv)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)和純銅(tong)(tong)(tong)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)傳(chuan)輸效(xiao)果是(shi)相同(tong)的(de)。在實際(ji)測試電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)衰減可(ke)以證明這(zhe)一點。

銅包鋁線識別方法：

銅(tong)(tong)包(bao)鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)大都是(shi)軟銅(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)，鋁(lv)漆包(bao)線(xian)(xian)哪家好，識別方法很簡單，用打火機的外焰燃燒(shao)(shao)銅(tong)(tong)絲(si)的一頭，因(yin)為(wei)(wei)鋁(lv)絲(si)比銅(tong)(tong)絲(si)的熔(rong)點(dian)低，所以如果是(shi)銅(tong)(tong)包(bao)鋁(lv)，火焰燃燒(shao)(shao)的部分(fen)會很快化(hua)為(wei)(wei)灰燼，什么都不(bu)留下。而純銅(tong)(tong)燃燒(shao)(shao)后銅(tong)(tong)絲(si)會快速向后收縮，收縮的過程中始終在線(xian)(xian)頭上留下一個小球球。

銅包鋁線對比：

與純(chun)銅(tong)導線(xian)(xian)(xian)相比銅(tong)包(bao)鋁線(xian)(xian)(xian)既具有良好的(de)(de)導電性又具有重量輕的(de)(de)優(you)點，有明顯(xian)的(de)(de)經濟效益，且施工中柔(rou)韌性好，易操作。相同(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)經重量下的(de)(de)長(chang)度(du)比為2.45:1因此購買(mai)(mai)1噸銅(tong)包(bao)鋁線(xian)(xian)(xian)相當(dang)于購買(mai)(mai)了2.45噸純(chun)銅(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)，具有節省成本(ben)的(de)(de)巨大(da)優(you)勢(shi)；

與(yu)純鋁線相比：導電率(lv)更高，還增強(qiang)了抗拉強(qiang)度及(ji)延(yan)伸率(lv)，良(liang)好的焊(han)接性：銅包鋁線由于其(qi)表(biao)面同心的包覆了一(yi)層純銅，因此具有跟純銅線一(yi)樣的可焊(han)性使該產(chan)品(pin)的機械(xie)性及(ji)適(shi)用(yong)性得到大幅提升(sheng)。