如何控制步進電機？

在(zai)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)時如(ru)果需要(yao)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)轉(zhuan)動角度進行定(ding)位，步進電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)是(shi)非常合適的(de)選擇。下面(mian)是(shi)對單極(ji)和雙極(ji)步進電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)以(yi)及如(ru)何(he)(he)(he)從微控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)它們做詳細(xi)的(de)介紹(shao)。閱讀下面(mian)的(de)這(zhe)些內容，可以(yi)先了解電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)是(shi)如(ru)何(he)(he)(he)工(gong)作的(de)、微控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器是(shi)如(ru)何(he)(he)(he)工(gong)作的(de)、如(ru)何(he)(he)(he)使用晶體(ti)管來控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)負載以(yi)及直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)(ji)是(shi)如(ru)何(he)(he)(he)工(gong)作的(de)。正如(ru)您在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)簡介中(zhong)所(suo)了解到(dao)的(de)，步進電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)是(shi)由一(yi)系列電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)線圈控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)。中(zhong)間軸上安(an)裝有一(yi)系列磁(ci)鐵(tie)，軸周圍的(de)線圈交(jiao)替(ti)地(di)被電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)給(gei)定(ding)與否，產(chan)生磁(ci)場，排斥或吸引軸上的(de)磁(ci)鐵(tie)，導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)旋轉(zhuan)。

使用電機(ji)時要(yao)注意的問題

上(shang)(shang)電運行(xing)前(qian)要作如下檢查：1）電源(yuan)電壓是(shi)否(fou)合適（過(guo)壓很可能造成驅動模塊的損壞）；對于直流輸(shu)入(ru)的+/-極性一定不(bu)能接(jie)錯，浙(zhe)江直線電機，驅動控制器上(shang)(shang)的電機型號(hao)或電流設(she)定值(zhi)是(shi)否(fou)合適（開始時不(bu)要太(tai)大）；

2）控(kong)制(zhi)信號線(xian)接(jie)牢靠，直線(xian)電(dian)機公司，工業現場盡量要考慮(lv)屏蔽問(wen)題(ti)（如采用雙絞線(xian)）；

3）不要開始時就把需要接(jie)的線全接(jie)上，只連(lian)成基本的系統，運行良(liang)好后，直線電機價格，再逐步連(lian)接(jie)。

4）一(yi)定要搞清楚(chu)接(jie)地方(fang)法，還是采(cai)用浮空不接(jie)。

如何(he)克服(fu)步進電機在低速運轉時的振動和(he)噪聲

步進電(dian)機低速轉(zhuan)動時振動和噪聲大(da)是其固有(you)的缺(que)點(dian)，一般可采(cai)用以(yi)下方案來克服：

A.如(ru)步進(jin)電機正好工作在共振(zhen)(zhen)區(qu)，可通過改變減速比等機械傳動(dong)避開共振(zhen)(zhen)區(qu)；

B.采用(yong)帶有細分(fen)功能(neng)的(de)驅動器，這(zhe)是常用(yong)的(de)、簡便的(de)方法；

C.換成步距(ju)角更小的(de)步進電機，如三相或(huo)五相步進電機；

D.換(huan)成(cheng)交流伺服電機，幾(ji)乎可以完全克服震動和噪聲，直線電機價格，但成(cheng)本較高；

E.在電(dian)機軸上加磁性阻尼(ni)器，市場上已有這種產品，但機械結構改變較大。