銅(tong)(tong)易(yi)與其它元素形(xing)成(cheng)合金(jin)(jin)(jin)，大量用來(lai)制(zhi)造異型(xing)的(de)(de)鍛件、鑄造件和(he)(he)(he)粉(fen)末(mo)冶金(jin)(jin)(jin)產(chan)品(pin)。銅(tong)(tong)與鎳形(xing)成(cheng)合金(jin)(jin)(jin)具(ju)(ju)有(you)抗(kang)海(hai)水腐(fu)蝕的(de)(de)優良(liang)性(xing)能。錫可以(yi)提高固溶體(ti)中銅(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)和(he)(he)(he)抗(kang)腐(fu)蝕性(xing)能。鋅和(he)(he)(he)銅(tong)(tong)合金(jin)(jin)(jin)，即(ji)黃(huang)銅(tong)(tong)粉(fen)，被(bei)用于(yu)水管(guan)、鎖(suo)件、閥門、管(guan)件。含有(you)鎳、錫、鈦(tai)、鈹及(ji)鈷的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)合金(jin)(jin)(jin)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)相當于(yu)高強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)鋼，而且具(ju)(ju)有(you)高的(de)(de)導(dao)電率和(he)(he)(he)導(dao)熱(re)性(xing)能。銅(tong)(tong)及(ji)銅(tong)(tong)鋅鋁合金(jin)(jin)(jin)常(chang)被(bei)用于(yu)生產(chan)片狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)(jin)粉(fen)。通(tong)(tong)過調(diao)整錫鎳成(cheng)分(fen)，可以(yi)生成(cheng)特定的(de)(de)顏色。黃(huang)銅(tong)(tong)具(ju)(ju)有(you)較強(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)耐(nai)磨性(xing)硬度(du)又比紫銅(tong)(tong)高，所以(yi)通(tong)(tong)常(chang)用于(yu)制(zhi)造閥門、水管(guan)、空調(diao)內外機連接管(guan)、散熱(re)器(qi)和(he)(he)(he)鎖(suo)具(ju)(ju)等或(huo)工廠企(qi)業產(chan)生的(de)(de)廢黃(huang)銅(tong)(tong)邊角料(liao)、機加工碎屑(xie)為主。廢銅(tong)(tong)供應中還(huan)有(you)一類問題就是(shi)舊(jiu)廢銅(tong)(tong)，主要是(shi)在使用時間(jian)之(zhi)后被(bei)丟(diu)棄的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)資源(yuan)，通(tong)(tong)常(chang)我們會被(bei)進行回收(shou)商(shang)回收(shou)處理之(zhi)后，集中發展起來(lai)賣給造銅(tong)(tong)企(qi)業。回收(shou)商(shang)通(tong)(tong)常(chang)從(cong)廢舊(jiu)建筑(zhu)物設(she)計以(yi)及(ji)中國(guo)交通(tong)(tong)管(guan)理工具(ju)(ju)中拆卸(xie)廢銅(tong)(tong)，銅(tong)(tong)資源(yuan)是(shi)包著，一般(ban)這(zhe)種情況(kuang)分(fen)析(xi)都可以(yi)被(bei)回收(shou)再生。通(tong)(tong)常(chang)，三分(fen)之(zhi)一的(de)(de)廢銅(tong)(tong)是(shi)以(yi)精煉銅(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)形(xing)式形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)(de)，三分(fen)之(zhi)二的(de)(de)廢銅(tong)(tong)是(shi)以(yi)銅(tong)(tong)合金(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)形(xing)式重復(fu)利(li)用的(de)(de)。

特(te)種(zhong)(zhong)紫雜(za)銅(tong)：各種(zhong)(zhong)純(chun)(chun)銅(tong)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)(liao)(liao)，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)包(bao)括銅(tong)材加工(gong)廠(chang)和銅(tong)加工(gong)制造廠(chang)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)純(chun)(chun)銅(tong)的(de)(de)邊角料(liao)(liao)(liao)、切頭、廢(fei)(fei)(fei)次(ci)材、半成(cheng)品、線(xian)材、廢(fei)(fei)(fei)品等(deng)；允許(xu)(xu)有報(bao)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)純(chun)(chun)銅(tong)裸(luo)線(xian)和銅(tong)管等(deng)其(qi)它純(chun)(chun)銅(tong)制品，但不(bu)許(xu)(xu)有水垢、油污(wu)、涂(tu)層等(deng)；廢(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)料(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)允許(xu)(xu)含有任(ren)何雜(za)質(zhi)和銅(tong)合金，也不(bu)許(xu)(xu)含有毛絲、車屑(xie)、磨屑(xie)和厚度(du)小于1 mm的(de)(de)銅(tong)板。　廢(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)供(gong)應主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)有兩種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)型(xing)，一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)是新廢(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是銅(tong)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)(liao)(liao)和廢(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)(liao)(liao)。通常(chang)冶金廠(chang)自己處理，產(chan)(chan)銅(tong)企業(ye)直(zhi)接回(hui)(hui)收生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)銅(tong)。廢(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)回(hui)(hui)收原本的(de)(de)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)要(yao)(yao)經過(guo)融化、氧化、除渣(zha)和還原，才能(neng)夠生(sheng)成(cheng)具有一(yi)定純(chun)(chun)度(du)的(de)(de)銅(tong)水，進(jin)而成(cheng)為有利用價值的(de)(de)銅(tong)桿。廢(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)的(de)(de)雜(za)質(zhi)較多(duo)，要(yao)(yao)達到一(yi)定純(chun)(chun)度(du)必須反復氧化，每(mei)天一(yi)千噸的(de)(de)廢(fei)(fei)(fei)銅(tong)一(yi)個工(gong)序(xu)就至少需(xu)要(yao)(yao)6到8小時(shi)，整個工(gong)序(xu)則需(xu)要(yao)(yao)20到22個小時(shi)，如果雜(za)質(zhi)過(guo)多(duo)還需(xu)要(yao)(yao)推遲時(shi)間。

關于(yu)再利(li)(li)用的(de)(de)(de)問題：因(yin)廢銅(tong)(tong)(tong)包含(han)范圍(wei)大，我們(men)可將其按(an)回收利(li)(li)用的(de)(de)(de)簡易(yi)程度(du)分(fen)類(lei)，如：表面干凈，無雜物(wu)(wu)黏(nian)著物(wu)(wu)為(wei)一(yi)類(lei)；表面及內(nei)(nei)部(bu)混有雜物(wu)(wu)為(wei)第二(er)類(lei)；廢舊無法(fa)使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)純(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)電(dian)器開關、零件等為(wei)第三類(lei)等。也可根據實際情況具體分(fen)類(lei)。我們(men)稱含(han)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)量高于(yu)99%的(de)(de)(de)廢銅(tong)(tong)(tong)為(wei)1號銅(tong)(tong)(tong)，可直接(jie)融化和再利(li)(li)用。稱含(han)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)量低于(yu)945%的(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)為(wei)2號銅(tong)(tong)(tong)，必須重新融化使(shi)用。黃銅(tong)(tong)(tong)具有較強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)耐磨性硬度(du)又比紫銅(tong)(tong)(tong)高，所以通常用于(yu)制造閥門、水(shui)管(guan)、空調(diao)內(nei)(nei)外(wai)機(ji)連接(jie)管(guan)、散熱器和鎖具等或工(gong)廠企業產生的(de)(de)(de)廢黃銅(tong)(tong)(tong)邊(bian)角(jiao)料、機(ji)加工(gong)碎屑(xie)為(wei)主。廢銅(tong)(tong)(tong)回收后是怎么進行分(fen)類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)？

一、包含無涂(tu)層、無合(he)金的純銅(tong)(tong)線。表面(mian)無氧化，不(bu)含毛絲(si)，廢鋁回收(shou)價格多(duo)少(shao)一斤，銅(tong)(tong)線直(zhi)徑(jing)不(bu)小于1.6mm；

二、包含(han)潔凈(jing)、無(wu)(wu)色(se)澤、無(wu)(wu)涂(tu)層、無(wu)(wu)錫、無(wu)(wu)合金的純銅線和(he)銅電纜線，不含(han)毛絲(si)和(he)燒過(guo)的碎的銅線；

三、包含(han)無合金的廢(fei)銅線(xian)(xian)(xian)、含(han)有雜料，含(han)銅量(liang)為96％（含(han)量(liang)不低(di)于94％），不得含(han)有過(guo)份(fen)鉛化和錫化的銅線(xian)(xian)(xian)、焊接(jie)過(guo)的銅線(xian)(xian)(xian)、黃(huang)銅和青銅線(xian)(xian)(xian)、過(guo)多的油(you)、廢(fei)鋼(gang)鐵和非金屬、脆的過(guo)燒線(xian)(xian)(xian)、絕緣(yuan)性銅線(xian)(xian)(xian)和過(guo)多的細絲(si)線(xian)(xian)(xian)，如果有需用(yong)恰當方法清除掉；

四、包(bao)括各種純(chun)銅(tong)廢料，首先是包(bao)含銅(tong)材(cai)加工廠和(he)銅(tong)加工制造廠產生的純(chun)銅(tong)的邊(bian)角料、切頭、廢次材(cai)、半成(cheng)品(pin)、線材(cai)、廢品(pin)等；其次還有(you)報廢的純(chun)銅(tong)裸(luo)線和(he)銅(tong)管等其它純(chun)銅(tong)制品(pin)，但不(bu)允許(xu)有(you)水垢、油(you)污、涂層等；再次廢銅(tong)材(cai)中不(bu)應含有(you)任何雜(za)質和(he)銅(tong)合金，也不(bu)許(xu)含有(you)毛(mao)絲(si)、車屑、磨屑和(he)厚度小于1mm的銅(tong)板(ban)。