1、能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)承受(shou)更(geng)(geng)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)載(zai)荷，適(shi)合大(da)(da)刀量，大(da)(da)進(jin)給的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粗加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)車(che)床。2、因為導軌(gui)(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)接(jie)觸(chu)面(mian)積大(da)(da)，車(che)床運行更(geng)(geng)加平(ping)穩，適(shi)合對(dui)車(che)床振動要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)車(che)床，例(li)如磨床等(deng)。二、硬(ying)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺點：1、材(cai)(cai)質(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)均勻，因為一般是(shi)(shi)鑄(zhu)造成(cheng)型，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)材(cai)(cai)質(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)容易(yi)產(chan)生夾砂，氣孔，疏(shu)松(song)等(deng)鑄(zhu)造缺陷，導軌(gui)(gui)(gui)面(mian)若(ruo)存在(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)些缺陷，對(dui)導軌(gui)(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)和車(che)床精度(du)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)很(hen)不(bu)利的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)。2、加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)難(nan)度(du)較(jiao)大(da)(da)，因為這(zhe)(zhe)種類型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導軌(gui)(gui)(gui)一般是(shi)(shi)跟車(che)床的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)例(li)如底(di)座(zuo)、立柱，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作臺，滑鞍等(deng)一體相(xiang)連，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)在(zai)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，其形位公差，粗超度(du)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，時(shi)效處(chu)(chu)理，淬火(huo)處(chu)(chu)理等(deng)過程(cheng)(cheng)難(nan)以(yi)控制(zhi)，從(cong)(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)導致零件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量不(bu)能(neng)(neng)達到(dao)裝(zhuang)配(pei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。3、裝(zhuang)配(pei)難(nan)度(du)大(da)(da)，“裝(zhuang)配(pei)”這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)詞(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)思就是(shi)(shi)既要(yao)裝(zhuang)也要(yao)配(pei)，而(er)(er)這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)配(pei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)就是(shi)(shi)一個(ge)(ge)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)與(yu)體力(li)(li)相(xiang)結合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)，不(bu)是(shi)(shi)一般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人可以(yi)完成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，需要(yao)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)相(xiang)對(dui)數量，對(dui)車(che)床整體精度(du)都(dou)有相(xiang)當把握的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)配(pei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人才能(neng)(neng)完成(cheng)，同時(shi)還需要(yao)配(pei)備鏟刀，平(ping)尺(chi)、角尺(chi)、方尺(chi)、百(bai)分表，千分表等(deng)相(xiang)應(ying)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)才能(neng)(neng)完成(cheng)。4、使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)不(bu)長，這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)(ge)只能(neng)(neng)是(shi)(shi)相(xiang)對(dui)而(er)(er)言(yan)，在(zai)同樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)養(yang)和使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)下，普遍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)是(shi)(shi)小于線(xian)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，這(zhe)(zhe)和他(ta)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運動方式有很(hen)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系，硬(ying)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)是(shi)(shi)滑動摩(mo)擦運行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，而(er)(er)線(xian)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)是(shi)(shi)滾(gun)動摩(mo)擦運行，從(cong)(cong)(cong)所(suo)(suo)受(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)擦力(li)(li)而(er)(er)言(yan)，硬(ying)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)所(suo)(suo)受(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)擦力(li)(li)要(yao)遠(yuan)遠(yuan)大(da)(da)于線(xian)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)所(suo)(suo)受(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)擦力(li)(li)，特別是(shi)(shi)在(zai)潤滑不(bu)充分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況下，硬(ying)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)摩(mo)擦更(geng)(geng)甚。5、維(wei)修(xiu)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)過高，硬(ying)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)維(wei)修(xiu)無論在(zai)難(nan)度(du)上還是(shi)(shi)維(wei)修(xiu)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)上都(dou)遠(yuan)遠(yuan)大(da)(da)于線(xian)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)維(wei)修(xiu)，如果在(zai)鏟刮余量不(bu)足的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況下，可能(neng)(neng)牽(qian)涉到(dao)將車(che)床的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)件(jian)(jian)全(quan)部(bu)拆散，從(cong)(cong)(cong)新做淬火(huo)處(chu)(chu)理和機(ji)械加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，更(geng)(geng)甚者可能(neng)(neng)會要(yao)重新鑄(zhu)造該(gai)大(da)(da)件(jian)(jian)，而(er)(er)線(xian)規只要(yao)更(geng)(geng)換相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)線(xian)軌(gui)(gui)(gui)即可，基本(ben)(ben)(ben)上不(bu)會很(hen)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)相(xiang)關大(da)(da)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。

通(tong)(tong)常四(si)軸數控機(ji)床(chuang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)停(ting)車(che)(che)時(shi)(shi)(shi)發出巨大(da)響聲，同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)車(che)(che)間總(zong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源跳(tiao)(tiao)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)。首先(xian)檢(jian)查(cha)車(che)(che)間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工對供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)進行檢(jian)查(cha)，跳(tiao)(tiao)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)空氣斷(duan)(duan)(duan)路器所(suo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)處(chu)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)環(huan)境潮濕開關(guan)盒內自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)跳(tiao)(tiao)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)的(de)(de)連桿機(ji)構已(yi)(yi)腐蝕，另外三相(xiang)(xiang)觸(chu)(chu)點中有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)相(xiang)(xiang)觸(chu)(chu)點只有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)部分能(neng)(neng)接觸(chu)(chu)。其(qi)次車(che)(che)間供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)壓(ya)器容量小(xiao)(xiao)，超負荷運行。其(qi)正(zheng)常的(de)(de)相(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)只有(you)(you)340V。四(si)軸數控機(ji)床(chuang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)只晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)已(yi)(yi)被燒壞(huai)，查(cha)看(kan)驅動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，觸(chu)(chu)發脈沖(chong)短小(xiao)(xiao)，只有(you)(you)正(zheng)常觸(chu)(chu)發脈沖(chong)幅值(zhi)的(de)(de)四(si)分之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)，進一(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)查(cha)實為觸(chu)(chu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中的(de)(de)放(fang)大(da)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)不(bu)(bu)好所(suo)致(zhi)。故障分析：晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)整流(liu)(liu)狀(zhuang)態下缺(que)相(xiang)(xiang)和(he)在(zai)(zai)(zai)逆(ni)變(bian)狀(zhuang)態下缺(que)相(xiang)(xiang)結果是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)整流(liu)(liu)狀(zhuang)態下總(zong)是(shi)(shi)觸(chu)(chu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)使(shi)前(qian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)相(xiang)(xiang)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)承受(shou)反(fan)相(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)而(er)關(guan)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)關(guan)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)期間以(yi)反(fan)相(xiang)(xiang)阻(zu)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)狀(zhuang)態為主。即使(shi)后(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)不(bu)(bu)觸(chu)(chu)發，而(er)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)到一(yi)(yi)(yi)定時(shi)(shi)(shi)刻也會(hui)因(yin)(yin)(yin)過零而(er)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)關(guan)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)。但如果是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)停(ting)車(che)(che)降速時(shi)(shi)(shi)，即在(zai)(zai)(zai)逆(ni)變(bian)的(de)(de)情況下，同(tong)(tong)樣也是(shi)(shi)觸(chu)(chu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)導(dao)通(tong)(tong)，并(bing)使(shi)前(qian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)承受(shou)反(fan)壓(ya)而(er)關(guan)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)，這時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)關(guan)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)很(hen)長一(yi)(yi)(yi)段(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間處(chu)于正(zheng)向(xiang)阻(zu)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)狀(zhuang)態。這樣，若(ruo)后(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)不(bu)(bu)導(dao)通(tong)(tong)，由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感的(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)作用，使(shi)該晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)再(zai)延續(xu)導(dao)通(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)周期而(er)進入正(zheng)半周，晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)將(jiang)繼續(xu)導(dao)通(tong)(tong)下去，同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)阻(zu)礙后(hou)面(mian)的(de)(de)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)導(dao)通(tong)(tong)。于是(shi)(shi)，晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)輸出的(de)(de)正(zheng)向(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢迭(die)加(jia)產(chan)生(sheng)很(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，這時(shi)(shi)(shi)即產(chan)生(sheng)逆(ni)變(bian)顛覆，輕則燒壞(huai)保險絲，重則燒壞(huai)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。如果四(si)軸數控機(ji)床(chuang)車(che)(che)間的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)正(zheng)常，沒有(you)(you)大(da)的(de)(de)波(bo)動(dong)(dong)，也許不(bu)(bu)會(hui)燒壞(huai)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)波(bo)動(dong)(dong)大(da)，車(che)(che)間變(bian)壓(ya)器容量小(xiao)(xiao)，超負荷運行，再(zai)加(jia)之(zhi)B相(xiang)(xiang)正(zheng)組觸(chu)(chu)發脈沖(chong)幅值(zhi)小(xiao)(xiao)，及車(che)(che)間供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)總(zong)開關(guan)盒的(de)(de)損壞(huai)等綜合原因(yin)(yin)(yin)造成了故障的(de)(de)發生(sheng)。　　處(chu)理方法：　　1.更(geng)換自(zi)(zi)動(dong)(dong)空氣斷(duan)(duan)(duan)路器；　　2.更(geng)換新的(de)(de)晶(jing)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)(zha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。

加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)常按主軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)在(zai)空間所處的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀態(tai)分(fen)為立(li)式(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)和(he)臥式(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)在(zai)空間處于垂(chui)直(zhi)(zhi)狀態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)稱(cheng)為立(li)式(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)，主軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)在(zai)空間處于水平(ping)狀態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)稱(cheng)為臥式(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)。主軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)可作垂(chui)直(zhi)(zhi)和(he)水平(ping)轉(zhuan)換的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，稱(cheng)為立(li)臥式(shi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)或五面加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)，也稱(cheng)復(fu)合加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)。按加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)立(li)柱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)分(fen)；有(you)(you)單柱式(shi)和(he)雙柱式(shi)(龍門式(shi))。VMC1580加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)按產品運動(dong)坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)數(shu)(shu)和(he)同時控(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)數(shu)(shu)分(fen)：有(you)(you)三軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)二聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)、三軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)三聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)、四軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)三聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)、五軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)四聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)、六軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)五聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)等。三軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、四軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)是指(zhi)(zhi)產品具(ju)有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運動(dong)坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)數(shu)(shu)，聯(lian)(lian)動(dong)是指(zhi)(zhi)控(kong)制(zhi)系統可以同時控(kong)制(zhi)運動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)數(shu)(shu)，從而實現刀具(ju)相對(dui)工(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)和(he)速(su)度控(kong)制(zhi)。按工(gong)作臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)量(liang)和(he)功能分(fen)：有(you)(you)單工(gong)作臺(tai)、雙工(gong)作臺(tai)，和(he)多工(gong)作臺(tai)

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