影響機械鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)速(su)的(de)(de)因素　　（1）鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)壓(ya)(ya)、轉速(su)和鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)液(ye)排量；（2）鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)液(ye)性(xing)(xing)質(zhi)；（3）鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)頭(tou)水(shui)力(li)(li)功(gong)率的(de)(de)大小；（4）巖(yan)(yan)(yan)石可鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)性(xing)(xing)與(yu)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)頭(tou)類型。　　鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)取(qu)(qu)心(xin)(xin)工具組成(cheng)　　（1）取(qu)(qu)心(xin)(xin)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)頭(tou)：用于鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)取(qu)(qu)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)心(xin)(xin)；（2）外巖(yan)(yan)(yan)心(xin)(xin)筒：承(cheng)受鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)壓(ya)(ya)、傳遞扭矩；（3）內巖(yan)(yan)(yan)心(xin)(xin)筒：儲存(cun)、保(bao)(bao)護巖(yan)(yan)(yan)心(xin)(xin)；（4）巖(yan)(yan)(yan)心(xin)(xin)爪：割斷、承(cheng)托、取(qu)(qu)出巖(yan)(yan)(yan)心(xin)(xin)；（5）還有懸掛(gua)軸(zhou)承(cheng)、分水(shui)流(liu)(liu)(liu)頭(tou)、回壓(ya)(ya)凡爾、扶正器(qi)等(deng)。　　取(qu)(qu)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)心(xin)(xin)　　取(qu)(qu)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)心(xin)(xin)是(shi)在鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)使用特殊(shu)的(de)(de)取(qu)(qu)心(xin)(xin)工具把地(di)下(xia)(xia)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)石成(cheng)塊地(di)取(qu)(qu)到地(di)面上來，這種成(cheng)塊的(de)(de)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)石叫做巖(yan)(yan)(yan)心(xin)(xin)，通過它可以測定(ding)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)石的(de)(de)各種性(xing)(xing)質(zhi)，車載水(shui)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)機哪家(jia)好(hao)，直觀地(di)研究(jiu)地(di)下(xia)(xia)構造和巖(yan)(yan)(yan)石沉積環(huan)境，了解(jie)其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)流(liu)(liu)(liu)體性(xing)(xing)質(zhi)等(deng)。　　平衡壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)　　在鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，始終保(bao)(bao)護井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)眼(yan)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)等(deng)于地(di)層壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)一種鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)方(fang)法叫平衡壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)。　　井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)噴　　是(shi)地(di)層中(zhong)流(liu)(liu)(liu)體噴出地(di)面或流(liu)(liu)(liu)入井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)內其(qi)(qi)他地(di)層的(de)(de)現(xian)象。引起(qi)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)噴的(de)(de)原因有：（1）地(di)層壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)掌握不(bu)準；（2）泥(ni)漿(jiang)密(mi)度偏低；（3）井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)內泥(ni)漿(jiang)液(ye)柱高度降(jiang)低；（4）起(qi)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)抽吸；（5）其(qi)(qi)他措施(shi)不(bu)當等(deng)。　　軟關(guan)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)　　就是(shi)在發現(xian)溢(yi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)關(guan)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)時(shi)，先(xian)打(da)開節流(liu)(liu)(liu)閥，后關(guan)防噴器(qi)，再試關(guan)緊節流(liu)(liu)(liu)閥的(de)(de)一種關(guan)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)方(fang)法。因為這樣可以保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)關(guan)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)口(kou)套壓(ya)(ya)值(zhi)不(bu)超過允許(xu)的(de)(de)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)口(kou)套壓(ya)(ya)值(zhi)，保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)控安全，一旦(dan)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)內壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)過大，車載水(shui)井(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)機型號，可節流(liu)(liu)(liu)放噴。

1、在(zai)充分(fen)收集分(fen)析研究已有地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、地(di)(di)球物理(li)(li)、地(di)(di)球化(hua)學勘(kan)(kan)(kan)查(cha)資料的基(ji)礎上，選擇(ze)地(di)(di)熱(re)(re)(re)資源勘(kan)(kan)(kan)查(cha)開發代表性地(di)(di)段部(bu)署地(di)(di)熱(re)(re)(re)鉆(zhan)探工程；2、以查(cha)明主要(yao)熱(re)(re)(re)儲的類(lei)型、分(fen)布、埋(mai)藏條(tiao)件、滲透(tou)性、地(di)(di)熱(re)(re)(re)流體質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量、溫度(du)及壓力，地(di)(di)熱(re)(re)(re)井的生產能力大(da)小為重(zhong)點；3、勘(kan)(kan)(kan)查(cha)深(shen)(shen)度(du)可(ke)根據主要(yao)熱(re)(re)(re)儲類(lei)型、埋(mai)藏深(shen)(shen)度(du)、當前的開采(cai)(cai)技(ji)術經濟條(tiao)件和市場需(xu)要(yao)確定，對于天然出露的帶(dai)狀熱(re)(re)(re)儲類(lei)型，勘(kan)(kan)(kan)查(cha)深(shen)(shen)度(du)一般(ban)控制在(zai)1000m內；隱伏的盆(pen)地(di)(di)型層狀熱(re)(re)(re)儲，勘(kan)(kan)(kan)查(cha)深(shen)(shen)度(du)一般(ban)不超過(guo)4000m；4、地(di)(di)熱(re)(re)(re)勘(kan)(kan)(kan)查(cha)應(ying)實行“探采(cai)(cai)結合”的原(yuan)則，地(di)(di)熱(re)(re)(re)地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勘(kan)(kan)(kan)查(cha)鉆(zhan)孔能成井開采(cai)(cai)利用(yong)的，車載(zai)水井鉆(zhan)機，應(ying)按成井技(ji)術要(yao)求實施；地(di)(di)熱(re)(re)(re)開采(cai)(cai)井的鉆(zhan)井地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)編錄、測井、完井試(shi)驗與地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資料收集整理(li)(li)除(chu)按成井技(ji)術要(yao)求實施外，還應(ying)按地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勘(kan)(kan)(kan)查(cha)要(yao)求，取全(quan)取準各項地(di)(di)熱(re)(re)(re)地(di)(di)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資料。

1.動力系統(tong)，為(wei)整套鉆機(ji)(ji)提(ti)供能(neng)量的(de)設(she)備(bei)(bei)；2.工(gong)(gong)作系統(tong)，按工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)要求進行(xing)工(gong)(gong)作的(de)設(she)備(bei)(bei)；3.傳動系統(tong)，為(wei)工(gong)(gong)作機(ji)(ji)組(zu)傳遞(di)、輸(shu)送、分配能(neng)量的(de)設(she)備(bei)(bei)；4.控制系統(tong)，車(che)載水井鉆機(ji)(ji)采購，控制各(ge)系統(tong)、設(she)備(bei)(bei)，按工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)要求進行(xing)協調、準確工(gong)(gong)作；5.輔助系統(tong)，協助主系統(tong)工(gong)(gong)作的(de)設(she)備(bei)(bei)。

水井(jing)(jing)鉆(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)(ji)應隨(sui)(sui)(sui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)檢(jian)查，先是地(di)勘，鉆(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)(ji)對(dui)(dui)鋼絲繩(sheng)繩(sheng)端(duan)固結(jie)情況進(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢(jian)查。對(dui)(dui)鋼絲繩(sheng)檢(jian)查的(de)內(nei)容是：鋼絲繩(sheng)安全圈數(shu)，鋼絲繩(sheng)的(de)選用、安裝(zhuang)、潤滑(hua)， 鋼絲繩(sheng)的(de)缺(que)陷檢(jian)查，如鋼絲繩(sheng)直徑及(ji)磨損情況，鋼絲繩(sheng)斷絲數(shu)量(liang)等。 ? ?隨(sui)(sui)(sui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)煤礦坑道(dao)鉆(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)(ji)的(de)滑(hua)輪(lun)系統進(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢(jian)查，主(zhu)要檢(jian)查項目為：滑(hua)輪(lun)體狀況、過(guo)渡滑(hua)輪(lun)防 跳繩(sheng)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。隨(sui)(sui)(sui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)(dui)上海(hai)水井(jing)(jing)鉆(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)(ji)的(de)行(xing)走系統進(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢(jian)查，主(zhu)要檢(jian)查項目為：樁機(ji)(ji)走管(guan)、卡板(ban)及(ji)鉤管(guan)系 統狀況，枕(zhen)木鋪設(she)等。 ? ?做好鉆(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)(ji)維修保(bao)養記錄(lu)，對(dui)(dui)更換的(de)零配件應有(you)詳(xiang)細記錄(lu)，以(yi)保(bao)證零配件 在有(you)效期內(nei)使用，或隨(sui)(sui)(sui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)掌握下(xia)次更換的(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間。