隨(sui)著國(guo)家(jia)新能源產(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)展和太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)普及，太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的(de)(de)高產(chan)率和高可靠性的(de)(de)特點使得(de)屋頂(ding)(ding)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)逐漸得(de)到用戶的(de)(de)認可。大多數農(nong)村居民和企業(ye)(ye)主都(dou)在自家(jia)屋頂(ding)(ding)安(an)裝了(le)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)。光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)是根據光(guang)產(chan)生伏(fu)(fu)(fu)打效(xiao)應原理將太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能轉換為電(dian)(dian)能，光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)廠家(jia)電(dian)(dian)話(hua)，無輻(fu)射(she)，逆變(bian)器(qi)、配電(dian)(dian)柜等電(dian)(dian)子器(qi)件(jian)都(dou)通過 EMC（電(dian)(dian)磁兼容性）測試(shi)，所(suo)以對人體沒有(you)危害。并(bing)(bing)網光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)就是太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能組件(jian)產(chan)生的(de)(de)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)經過并(bing)(bing)網逆變(bian)器(qi)轉換成符合(he)市電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)網要求的(de)(de)交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)之后直(zhi)接接入公共(gong)電(dian)(dian)網。可以分為帶(dai)蓄電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)和不帶(dai)蓄電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)并(bing)(bing)網發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)。

光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)的(de)(de)(de)主要原理是半導體的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)效應。光(guang)(guang)(guang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)照射(she)到(dao)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)上時，它的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量可以(yi)被金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)中某個(ge)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)全部吸(xi)收，電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)吸(xi)收的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量足(zu)夠大，能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)克(ke)服金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)內部引力做功，離開金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)表面逃逸出來，成為光(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。隨著國(guo)家(jia)(jia)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源產(chan)業的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展和(he)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)的(de)(de)(de)普及，太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)站的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)產(chan)率(lv)和(he)高(gao)可靠性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)特點使(shi)得(de)屋(wu)頂光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)站逐(zhu)漸得(de)到(dao)用戶的(de)(de)(de)認可。大多數農村居民和(he)企業主都在(zai)自家(jia)(jia)屋(wu)頂安裝了光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)站。太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是人類取之不(bu)盡用之不(bu)竭的(de)(de)(de)可再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源，具(ju)有(you)充分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)清潔性(xing)(xing)、的(de)(de)(de)安全性(xing)(xing)、相(xiang)對的(de)(de)(de)廣泛性(xing)(xing)、確實的(de)(de)(de)長壽命和(he)免維(wei)護性(xing)(xing)、資源的(de)(de)(de)充足(zu)性(xing)(xing)及潛在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)經濟(ji)性(xing)(xing)等優(you)點，在(zai)長期的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源戰略中具(ju)有(you)重要地位。

家庭光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)時(shi)(shi)，要求屋頂(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)周圍沒有大(da)面積的(de)(de)(de)(de)遮擋，如果(guo)在意(yi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機屋頂(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)、南、西方向有高大(da)建筑或(huo)者高大(da)樹木，安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)時(shi)(shi)需要注意(yi)，根據當地的(de)(de)(de)(de)太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)傾角和太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)一天的(de)(de)(de)(de)運動(dong)軌跡來(lai)判斷(duan)是(shi)否可(ke)以裝(zhuang)(zhuang)，或(huo)者避開(kai)陰影至多可(ke)以裝(zhuang)(zhuang)多少規模(mo)。光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組件(jian)陣列將(jiang)太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能轉換輸出的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能，經過直流匯流箱集中送(song)入直流配電(dian)(dian)(dian)柜，由(you)并(bing)網逆(ni)變器逆(ni)變成(cheng)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)供給建筑自身負載，多余或(huo)不足的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力通過聯接(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網來(lai)調節(jie)。帶有蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)伏(fu)并(bing)網發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)常常安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在居民建筑；不帶蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)并(bing)網發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)不具備可(ke)調度性和備用電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能，一般安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在較大(da)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統(tong)上(shang)。