我(wo)國人均(jun)管道(dao)(dao)的(de)占有量(liang)遠低于西方發達國家， 利用非開挖水(shui)平定向(xiang)鉆(zhan)機的(de)非開挖技術(shu)之所以受(shou)到越(yue)來越(yue)多的(de)應用和重視，既有其固(gu)有的(de)技術(shu)優勢，也有社(she)會(hui)發展(zhan)帶(dai)來的(de)巨大渴(ke)求。采用4臺200噸/臺千斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)主頂(ding)(ding)，千斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)行程(cheng)為(wei)1.4米。千斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)動力(li)由油泵提供。千斤(jin)頂(ding)(ding)后(hou)端用道(dao)(dao)木和分(fen)壓(ya)環將(jiang)反力(li)均(jun)勻(yun)作(zuo)(zuo)用于工作(zuo)(zuo)井，前端頂(ding)(ding)進分(fen)壓(ya)環，頂(ding)(ding)鐵(tie)將(jiang)頂(ding)(ding)力(li)傳至管節(jie)。前殼(ke)體與前接(jie)管連(lian)接(jie)，后(hou)殼(ke)體與后(hou)接(jie)管連(lian)接(jie)，前后(hou)殼(ke)體間(jian)為(wei)承插式連(lian)接(jie)，兩者間(jian)依靠(kao)橡膠(jiao)止(zhi)水(shui)帶(dai)密封，防止(zhi)管道(dao)(dao)外(wai)水(shui)土和漿液倒流入(ru)管道(dao)(dao)內。

這(zhe)種技術的(de)優點(dian)是：不(bu)開挖(wa)地面；不(bu)拆，不(bu)破壞地面建筑物；不(bu)破壞環境；不(bu)影響管(guan)(guan)道的(de)段(duan)差變(bian)形(xing)；省時、、安全，綜合造價低。一(yi)節管(guan)(guan)子完成頂(ding)(ding)入土(tu)層之后(hou)(hou)，再下第(di)二(er)節管(guan)(guan)子繼續頂(ding)(ding)進(jin)。其(qi)原理是借助于(yu)主(zhu)頂(ding)(ding)油缸及管(guan)(guan)道間、中繼間等推力，把工具管(guan)(guan)或掘進(jin)機(ji)從工作(zuo)坑(keng)內穿過(guo)土(tu)層一(yi)直(zhi)推進(jin)到接收(shou)坑(keng)內吊(diao)起。管(guan)(guan)道緊隨工具管(guan)(guan)或掘進(jin)機(ji)后(hou)(hou)，非開挖(wa)頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工價格(ge)，埋設(she)在兩坑(keng)之間。目前，頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工常(chang)采用(yong)的(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工方(fang)法分為敞開人(ren)工手掘式(shi)和密(mi)封(feng)機(ji)械式(shi)頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工方(fang)法，其(qi)中機(ji)械式(shi)頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工常(chang)用(yong)的(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工方(fang)法又有泥水平衡式(shi)和土(tu)壓平衡式(shi)兩種，頂(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工常(chang)用(yong)的(de)管(guan)(guan)材有砼管(guan)(guan)、鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)、玻(bo)璃夾砂鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)。

前(qian)殼(ke)體與前(qian)接(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)，后殼(ke)體與后接(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)，前(qian)后殼(ke)體間為承插式連(lian)(lian)接(jie)，兩者間依(yi)靠橡(xiang)膠止水帶密封(feng)，防止管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道外水土和漿液倒(dao)流(liu)入管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道內。頂(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)施(shi)工(gong)突出的(de)(de)特點就是(shi)(shi)適(shi)應(ying)性(xing)問題。針對不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)地質情況、施(shi)工(gong)條(tiao)件和設(she)計要(yao)求，選(xuan)(xuan)用與之(zhi)適(shi)應(ying)的(de)(de)頂(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)施(shi)工(gong)方式，如何正確地選(xuan)(xuan)擇頂(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機和配套輔助(zhu)設(she)備，對于頂(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)施(shi)工(gong)來說將是(shi)(shi)非常關鍵的(de)(de)。這種技術的(de)(de)優點是(shi)(shi)：不(bu)(bu)開挖(wa)地面；不(bu)(bu)拆，不(bu)(bu)破(po)壞(huai)地面建筑物；不(bu)(bu)破(po)壞(huai)環(huan)境；不(bu)(bu)影響管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道的(de)(de)段(duan)差(cha)變形；省時(shi)、、安全，綜(zong)合造價低。