車(che)(che)(che)床附件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)來(lai)支撐、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)夾(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置，通常稱(cheng)為車(che)(che)(che)床夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)。使用(yong)(yong)車(che)(che)(che)床夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術經濟效果十(shi)分顯著，其作用(yong)(yong)可(ke)歸納如(ru)下：1、可(ke)擴大車(che)(che)(che)床的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作范圍。由(you)于工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種類(lei)很(hen)多(duo)(duo)，而(er)(er)車(che)(che)(che)床的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種類(lei)和臺數有限(xian)，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)不(bu)同夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)，可(ke)實現一(yi)(yi)機多(duo)(duo)能，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)車(che)(che)(che)床的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利用(yong)(yong)率(lv)。2、可(ke)使工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)質(zhi)量穩定(ding)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)后，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)各個表面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相互位置由(you)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)保(bao)證，比劃線找正所達到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)精(jing)度高(gao)，而(er)(er)且(qie)能使同一(yi)(yi)批1件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)位精(jing)度、加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)精(jing)度基(ji)本(ben)一(yi)(yi)致，因此(ci)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)互換性高(gao)。3、提(ti)(ti)高(gao)生(sheng)產(chan)率(lv)，降(jiang)低成本(ben)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)，一(yi)(yi)般可(ke)以簡化工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，從而(er)(er)可(ke)減(jian)少安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)所需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輔助時(shi)間，同時(shi)，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)可(ke)使工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)穩定(ding)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)剛度，可(ke)加(jia)(jia)大切(qie)削用(yong)(yong)量，減(jian)少機動時(shi)間，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)生(sheng)產(chan)率(lv)。4、改(gai)善勞(lao)動條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。用(yong)(yong)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，方便(bian)、省(sheng)力、安全，不(bu)僅改(gai)善了(le)勞(lao)動條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，而(er)(er)且(qie)降(jiang)低了(le)對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人技術水平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。

小(xiao)(xiao)型數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)在(zai)(zai)加工(gong)完成后需要(yao)(yao)進(jin)(jin)行細致(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)保養，為了保證(zheng)多方位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)清理、維護以(yi)(yi)(yi)及便于(yu)檢測(ce)車床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)結構(gou)性能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)正常，我們需要(yao)(yao)對相關(guan)結構(gou)配(pei)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)(jin)行拆(chai)(chai)卸(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)。在(zai)(zai)此過程中還要(yao)(yao)求技術(shu)人員對拆(chai)(chai)卸(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)配(pei)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)按(an)順序進(jin)(jin)行存放(fang)(fang)(fang)。　　首(shou)先(xian)工(gong)作(zuo)人員需熟悉小(xiao)(xiao)型數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)資料和圖樣以(yi)(yi)(yi)及機(ji)(ji)械傳動(dong)原(yuan)理，掌握各個(ge)零(ling)(ling)(ling)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)結構(gou)特點、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)關(guan)系(xi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及定位(wei)銷、軸(zhou)套(tao)、彈(dan)簧(huang)卡圈、鎖(suo)緊螺母、鎖(suo)緊螺釘與(yu)頂絲(si)的(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置和退出方向。　　拆(chai)(chai)卸(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)前(qian)，首(shou)先(xian)切斷(duan)并(bing)拆(chai)(chai)除小(xiao)(xiao)型數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)電源和車間(jian)動(dong)力(li)聯系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)位(wei)。在(zai)(zai)切斷(duan)電源后，小(xiao)(xiao)型數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)拆(chai)(chai)卸(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)程序要(yao)(yao)堅持與(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)程序相反的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)則(ze)。先(xian)拆(chai)(chai)外(wai)部(bu)附件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，再(zai)將整機(ji)(ji)拆(chai)(chai)成部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)總成全部(bu)拆(chai)(chai)成零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，按(an)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)歸(gui)并(bing)放(fang)(fang)(fang)置。　　在(zai)(zai)拆(chai)(chai)卸(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)小(xiao)(xiao)型數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)時，通(tong)常應(ying)堅持用(yong)多大(da)力(li)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)就基本上用(yong)多大(da)力(li)拆(chai)(chai)卸(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)則(ze)。如果出現異(yi)常情況，應(ying)查(cha)找原(yuan)因，防止(zhi)在(zai)(zai)拆(chai)(chai)卸(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)中將零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)碰傷、拉(la)毛(mao)甚至損壞。熱裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)要(yao)(yao)利用(yong)加熱來拆(chai)(chai)卸(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，如熱裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)軸(zhou)承可用(yong)熱油加熱軸(zhou)承外(wai)圈進(jin)(jin)行拆(chai)(chai)卸(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)。滑(hua)動(dong)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)拆(chai)(chai)卸(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)時，要(yao)(yao)考慮到滑(hua)動(dong)面(mian)間(jian)油膜的(de)(de)(de)吸力(li)。一般情況下，在(zai)(zai)拆(chai)(chai)卸(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)過程中不(bu)(bu)允許進(jin)(jin)行破壞性拆(chai)(chai)卸(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)。　　拆(chai)(chai)卸(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)中要(yao)(yao)仔細檢查(cha)鎖(suo)緊螺釘及壓板(ban)等零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)是否拆(chai)(chai)開。注意受力(li)平衡，防止(zhi)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)擺晃(huang)，避(bi)免吊(diao)(diao)掛(gua)繩索脫開與(yu)斷(duan)裂等事(shi)故的(de)(de)(de)發生。吊(diao)(diao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)中設備(bei)不(bu)(bu)得磕碰，要(yao)(yao)選擇合適的(de)(de)(de)吊(diao)(diao)點慢吊(diao)(diao)輕(qing)放(fang)(fang)(fang)，鋼絲(si)繩和設備(bei)接(jie)觸處要(yao)(yao)采取保護措施。　　在(zai)(zai)拆(chai)(chai)卸(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)中，為防止(zhi)搞亂關(guan)鍵件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)關(guan)系(xi)和裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)位(wei)置，避(bi)免重新裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)時精度降低，應(ying)在(zai)(zai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)上用(yong)劃針做(zuo)出明顯(xian)標記(ji)。對于(yu)拆(chai)(chai)卸(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)出來的(de)(de)(de)軸(zhou)類零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)應(ying)懸(xuan)掛(gua)起來，防止(zhi)彎曲變形(xing)。精密零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)要(yao)(yao)單獨存放(fang)(fang)(fang)，避(bi)免損壞。

小(xiao)型(xing)數(shu)(shu)控機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前的(de)(de)(de)外觀檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，翻(fan)開(kai)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控箱，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)器(qi)，熔斷器(qi)，伺服電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)速度，控制單元(yuan)插(cha)(cha)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，主(zhu)軸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)速度控制單元(yuan)插(cha)(cha)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)等(deng)有(you)(you)無松(song)動(dong)(dong)，如(ru)(ru)有(you)(you)松(song)動(dong)(dong)應恢復正常(chang)情(qing)(qing)況，有(you)(you)鎖緊(jin)(jin)安排的(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)插(cha)(cha)件(jian)必(bi)(bi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)鎖緊(jin)(jin)，有(you)(you)轉(zhuan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)盒的(de)(de)(de)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)必(bi)(bi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)轉(zhuan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)盒上的(de)(de)(de)插(cha)(cha)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)有(you)(you)無松(song)動(dong)(dong)，有(you)(you)鎖緊(jin)(jin)安排的(de)(de)(de)必(bi)(bi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)鎖緊(jin)(jin)。CNC電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，翻(fan)開(kai)CNC電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱門，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)各(ge)類接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)口插(cha)(cha)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，伺服電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)反響線(xian)插(cha)(cha)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，主(zhu)軸脈沖發生(sheng)器(qi)插(cha)(cha)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，手搖脈沖發生(sheng)器(qi)插(cha)(cha)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，CRT插(cha)(cha)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)等(deng)，如(ru)(ru)有(you)(you)松(song)動(dong)(dong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)從頭(tou)(tou)插(cha)(cha)好(hao)(hao)，有(you)(you)鎖緊(jin)(jin)安排的(de)(de)(de)必(bi)(bi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)鎖緊(jin)(jin)。依照說明(ming)書檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)各(ge)個印刷(shua)線(xian)路(lu)板(ban)上的(de)(de)(de)短(duan)路(lu)端子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)設置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)(qing)況，必(bi)(bi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)契合小(xiao)型(xing)數(shu)(shu)控機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)廠家設定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)況，確(que)實有(you)(you)誤的(de)(de)(de)應從頭(tou)(tou)設置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，一般情(qing)(qing)況下(xia)無需從頭(tou)(tou)設置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，但(dan)用戶必(bi)(bi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)對短(duan)路(lu)端子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)設置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)(qing)況做好(hao)(hao)原始記載。接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)質量檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)全(quan)(quan)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)端子(zi)。包含強弱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)部(bu)分在安裝時(shi)車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)生(sheng)產廠自(zi)行(xing)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)端子(zi)及各(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)端子(zi)，每個端子(zi)都(dou)(dou)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)用旋具緊(jin)(jin)固(gu)一次(ci)(ci)，直到用旋具擰不動(dong)(dong)為止(zhi)，各(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)插(cha)(cha)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)必(bi)(bi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)擰緊(jin)(jin)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，全(quan)(quan)部(bu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)都(dou)(dou)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)用手推進數(shu)(shu)次(ci)(ci)，以(yi)防(fang)止(zhi)長期不通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)形成的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)不良，如(ru)(ru)發現反常(chang)，應作(zuo)(zuo)好(hao)(hao)記載，以(yi)備(bei)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后供(gong)認(ren)(ren)修(xiu)補(bu)或替(ti)換(huan)。限(xian)位(wei)開(kai)關(guan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)　檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)全(quan)(quan)部(bu)限(xian)位(wei)開(kai)關(guan)動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)及固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)性是否結實，發現動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)不良或固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)不牢的(de)(de)(de)應立即處理。按鈕(niu)及開(kai)關(guan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)　操作(zuo)(zuo)面(mian)板(ban)上按鈕(niu)及開(kai)關(guan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)操作(zuo)(zuo)面(mian)板(ban)上全(quan)(quan)部(bu)按鈕(niu)，開(kai)關(guan)，指示(shi)燈的(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)，發現有(you)(you)誤應立即處理，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)CRT單元(yuan)上的(de)(de)(de)插(cha)(cha)座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)及接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)。 地(di)(di)(di)線(xian)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)　要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)有(you)(you)出色的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)線(xian)，測量車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)地(di)(di)(di)線(xian)，接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻不能大于(yu)1Ω。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源相序檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)　用相序表檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)相序，供(gong)認(ren)(ren)輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)相序與車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)上遍定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源相序應必(bi)(bi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)共同。有(you)(you)二(er)次(ci)(ci)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)設備(bei)，如(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源變壓器(qi)等(deng)，有(you)(you)必(bi)(bi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)供(gong)認(ren)(ren)二(er)次(ci)(ci)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)線(xian)的(de)(de)(de)相序的(de)(de)(de)共同性。要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)確(que)保遍地(di)(di)(di)相序的(de)(de)(de)必(bi)(bi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)正確(que)。此刻應測量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，做好(hao)(hao)記載。

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