無硫(liu)紙硫(liu)含量(liang)(liang)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)方法(fa)主(zhu)要(yao)應用(yong)于(yu)(yu)保(bao)護(hu)、檔案(an)管理及(ji)特(te)種造紙行業，以(yi)確保(bao)紙張的長期保(bao)存性能。以(yi)下是幾種常(chang)用(yong)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)方法(fa)及(ji)其(qi)技術要(yao)點：###一(yi)、燃(ran)燒-碘量(liang)(liang)法(fa)**原(yuan)理**：通(tong)過高溫(wen)燃(ran)燒分(fen)(fen)解樣品(pin)，將硫(liu)元素(su)轉化(hua)為SO?氣體，用(yong)碘標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)吸收后滴定(ding)(ding)定(ding)(ding)量(liang)(liang)。**步驟(zou)**：1.取(qu)1-2g樣品(pin)剪碎，置(zhi)于(yu)(yu)管式爐石英舟中(zhong)；2.通(tong)入氧氣流(liu)，1250℃高溫(wen)燃(ran)燒；3.釋放氣體經3%吸收生成H?SO?；4.用(yong)離子(zi)色(se)譜(pu)或比(bi)濁法(fa)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)硫(liu)酸根離子(zi)濃度(du)(du)。**特(te)點**：檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)限(xian)可達(da)0.5ppm，但需(xu)設(she)(she)備(bei)，操作耗時。###二、X射(she)線(xian)熒光光譜(pu)法(fa)（XRF）**原(yuan)理**：利(li)用(yong)X射(she)線(xian)激發樣品(pin)原(yuan)子(zi)，通(tong)過特(te)征(zheng)X射(she)線(xian)能譜(pu)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)硫(liu)元素(su)。**步驟(zou)**：1.樣品(pin)壓(ya)片處理或直(zhi)接(jie)放置(zhi)測(ce)(ce)試艙(cang)；2.設(she)(she)置(zhi)管電壓(ya)40kV，防霉(mei)紙生產廠，電流(liu)1mA；3.采(cai)集S-Kα特(te)征(zheng)譜(pu)線(xian)（2.308keV）強度(du)(du)；4.采(cai)用(yong)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)曲線(xian)法(fa)定(ding)(ding)量(liang)(liang)。**優勢**：無損(sun)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)，單次分(fen)(fen)析(xi)###三、離子(zi)色(se)譜(pu)法(fa)（IC）**前處理**：1.取(qu)0.5g樣品(pin)于(yu)(yu)聚四氟乙烯(xi)消解罐；2.加(jia)入5mL微(wei)波消解（180℃，30min）；3.定(ding)(ding)容至50mL后過0.45μm濾膜。**分(fen)(fen)析(xi)條件(jian)**：-色(se)譜(pu)柱：DionexIonPacAS11-HC（4×250mm）-淋洗液(ye)(ye)：20mMKOH梯度(du)(du)洗脫-流(liu)速：1.2mL/min，電導檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)**靈敏度(du)(du)**：可達(da)0.05μg/g，相對標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)偏(pian)(pian)差(cha)###四、質量(liang)(liang)控制(zhi)要(yao)點1.取(qu)樣需(xu)避開(kai)紙張邊緣5cm，多點取(qu)樣混合；2.使用(yong)無硫(liu)容器(qi)（如(ru)聚材質）儲存樣品(pin)；3.每(mei)批測(ce)(ce)試需(xu)帶(dai)空白(bai)樣和標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)物質（如(ru)NISTSRM8493）；4.實(shi)驗室(shi)環境應控制(zhi)濕度(du)(du)建議(yi)優先選(xuan)擇IC法(fa)或ICP-MS法(fa)（檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)限(xian)0.01ppm）進行測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)，XRF法(fa)適用(yong)于(yu)(yu)生產現場快速監控。檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)過程應參照ISO15320:2011《紙漿、紙張中(zhong)硫(liu)元素(su)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)》標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)執行，數據偏(pian)(pian)差(cha)超過10%時需(xu)復(fu)檢(jian)驗證。

無(wu)硫(liu)(liu)紙的(de)(de)(de)(de)硫(liu)(liu)含(han)(han)量(liang)測(ce)(ce)試是(shi)確(que)保(bao)其(qi)(qi)質量(liang)符合(he)特定要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)步(bu)驟。以(yi)下是(shi)幾種常見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)試方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)：1.**氧氣(qi)燃(ran)燒法(fa)**這是(shi)一(yi)種常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢測(ce)(ce)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)，通過(guo)將(jiang)樣(yang)品在(zai)氧氣(qi)氣(qi)流中(zhong)(zhong)完全燃(ran)燒，將(jiang)紙中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)(han)硫(liu)(liu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)合(he)物轉化(hua)(hua)(hua)為(wei)（SO2），再通過(guo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學分(fen)析方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)如色譜(pu)法(fa)或(huo)光(guang)度(du)法(fa)測(ce)(ce)定產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)SO?濃(nong)度(du)來(lai)確(que)定樣(yang)品中(zhong)(zhong)含(han)(han)有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)硫(liu)(liu)量(liang)。該(gai)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)操作簡便(bian)且(qie)準(zhun)確(que)性(xing)較高(gao)，適(shi)用(yong)于大多數(shu)情況(kuang)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)快速檢測(ce)(ce)需求(qiu)(qiu)。3.**干式(shi)灰(hui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)-離(li)子(zi)色譜(pu)/原子(zi)吸收(shou)光(guang)譜(pu)聯用(yong)法(fa)**此(ci)方(fang)(fang)(fang)法(fa)首先將(jiang)待檢測(ce)(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)紙張(zhang)在(zai)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)下干燥和(he)灰(hui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)處理以(yi)去除(chu)有(you)(you)機(ji)物；然后將(jiang)得到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)機(ji)殘留物溶解(jie)于適(shi)當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溶劑中(zhong)(zhong)進行后續分(fen)析測(ce)(ce)定工作。該(gai)過(guo)程通常采(cai)用(yong)離(li)子(zi)色譜(pu)儀(yi)、原子(zi)吸收(shou)光(guang)譜(pu)等(deng)(deng)精密儀(yi)器來(lai)準(zhun)確(que)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)溶液中(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)含(han)(han)的(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)量(liang)硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)鹽或(huo)其(qi)(qi)他形(xing)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)機(ji)態硫(liu)(liu)元素(su)化(hua)(hua)(hua)合(he)物，從而(er)計算(suan)出(chu)原始(shi)試樣(yang)中(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)含(han)(han)有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際全硫(liu)(liu)總(zong)量(liang)值大小情況(kuang)如何等(deng)(deng)信息內容數(shu)據結果(guo)報(bao)告出(chu)來(lai)供相(xiang)關(guan)人員參考使用(yong)判(pan)斷決策依據之(zhi)一(yi)了也！不(bu)過(guo)需要(yao)注意的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)在(zai)進行高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)灼燒操作時(shi)務(wu)必要(yao)控制好相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)范圍(wei)以(yi)及時(shi)間長度(du)等(deng)(deng)因素(su)條件才(cai)行哦(e)~否則可能(neng)會影響(xiang)終結果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)準(zhun)確(que)性(xing)和(he)可靠(kao)性(xing)噠～因此(ci)操作人員必須(xu)要(yao)嚴格按照相(xiang)關(guan)標準(zhun)和(he)規范來(lai)進行才(cai)可以(yi)確(que)保(bao)得到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)據結果(guo)是(shi)真實(shi)有(you)(you)效滴喲~~4.**濕式(shi)消解(jie)—比濁分(fen)析法(fa)或(huo)是(shi)分(fen)光(guang)光(guang)度(du)計法(fa)等(deng)(deng)其(qi)(qi)他合(he)適(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技術手(shou)段均可實(shi)現對于目(mu)標物質成(cheng)分(fen)含(han)(han)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)量(liang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)評估與判(pan)定目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)啦。**

無(wu)硫紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與吸水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)兩(liang)種功能(neng)(neng)特性(xing)(xing)完全不同的(de)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)類型，其(qi)差異主要(yao)(yao)體現在(zai)原材(cai)料(liao)、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工藝、物理性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)及(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途等(deng)(deng)方面。以下從(cong)四(si)個維(wei)度(du)(du)進(jin)行(xing)對比分(fen)析(xi)：一、原材(cai)料(liao)與生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工藝無(wu)硫紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)（無(wu)酸(suan)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)）采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)pH值中性(xing)(xing)的(de)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)素(su)(su)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)為原料(liao)，通過(guo)添(tian)加(jia)碳酸(suan)鈣等(deng)(deng)堿性(xing)(xing)緩沖劑替代傳統的(de)硫酸(suan)鋁施膠工藝，使(shi)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)pH值穩定(ding)(ding)在(zai)7.0-8.5之間。其(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程需(xu)嚴格控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)重(zhong)金(jin)屬和木(mu)質(zhi)素(su)(su)含量(liang)(liang)，防(fang)潮防(fang)霉(mei)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，確保(bao)(bao)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)具(ju)備化(hua)(hua)學惰性(xing)(xing)。而吸水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)短纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)木(mu)漿或棉(mian)漿，通過(guo)降低(di)打漿度(du)(du)（30-40°SR）形成疏松(song)多孔結構(gou)，部分(fen)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)會添(tian)加(jia)高分(fen)子吸水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)樹脂（SAP）強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)吸液(ye)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)，生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工藝注重(zhong)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)間的(de)毛細作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)優化(hua)(hua)。二、物理性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)差異無(wu)硫紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)具(ju)有出(chu)色的(de)耐久(jiu)性(xing)(xing)，在(zai)標(biao)準環(huan)境(jing)(jing)（21℃/50%RH）下保(bao)(bao)存(cun)(cun)壽命可(ke)達(da)200年以上，抗張(zhang)強(qiang)度(du)(du)維(wei)持率(lv)超過(guo)90%。其(qi)表面平滑度(du)(du)（Bekk法）通常在(zai)50-100秒，吸水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)（Cobb值）控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)在(zai)20-30g/m2。相較之下，吸水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吸水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)率(lv)可(ke)達(da)自重(zhong)的(de)10-15倍，縱向(xiang)吸水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)速度(du)(du)＜3秒，濕(shi)強(qiang)度(du)(du)保(bao)(bao)持率(lv)低(di)于(yu)30%，典型定(ding)(ding)量(liang)(liang)范(fan)圍在(zai)40-80g/m2，具(ju)備明顯的(de)蓬松(song)結構(gou)（松(song)厚度(du)(du)＞3.5cm3/g）。三、應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)場(chang)景(jing)對比無(wu)硫紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主要(yao)(yao)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)遺產(chan)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)（古籍修復、檔案(an)保(bao)(bao)存(cun)(cun)）、藝術品(pin)(pin)收藏（版(ban)畫襯紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)彩(cai)畫基材(cai)）及(ji)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)文(wen)件封(feng)裝，符合ISO9706耐久(jiu)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)準。在(zai)博物館(guan)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)中，防(fang)霉(mei)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，可(ke)有效阻隔酸(suan)性(xing)(xing)物質(zhi)遷移，防(fang)止紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)張(zhang)脆化(hua)(hua)。吸水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則廣泛(fan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)實驗(yan)室（層析(xi)分(fen)析(xi)、樣品(pin)(pin)干燥）、印刷行(xing)業（噴墨吸墨）、領(ling)域（手術墊單）及(ji)日常清潔，防(fang)霉(mei)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)批(pi)發(fa)，其(qi)快(kuai)速液(ye)體吸收特性(xing)(xing)在(zai)3D打印支撐材(cai)料(liao)、美容面膜等(deng)(deng)新興領(ling)域也有創新應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。四(si)、保(bao)(bao)存(cun)(cun)與使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)規范(fan)無(wu)硫紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)需(xu)配合無(wu)酸(suan)封(feng)裝材(cai)料(liao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，存(cun)(cun)儲環(huan)境(jing)(jing)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)溫度(du)(du)18-22℃、相對濕(shi)度(du)(du)45-55%，嚴禁與新聞紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)酸(suan)性(xing)(xing)材(cai)料(liao)直接(jie)接(jie)觸(chu)。吸水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)后需(xu)注意微生(sheng)(sheng)物滋生(sheng)(sheng)問題(ti)，級產(chan)品(pin)(pin)需(xu)符合YY/T0698標(biao)準，實驗(yan)室用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)濾紙(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)則按流速分(fen)為慢速（＞185秒）、中速（75-185秒）、快(kuai)速（＜75秒）三類。兩(liang)者在(zai)紫外線耐受(shou)性(xing)(xing)、靜電控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)等(deng)(deng)參(can)數上也存(cun)(cun)在(zai)顯著差異，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶應(ying)根據具(ju)體場(chang)景(jing)的(de)pH值、液(ye)體負載量(liang)(liang)、機械(xie)強(qiang)度(du)(du)等(deng)(deng)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)進(jin)行(xing)科學選(xuan)型。