威海(hai)(hai)防(fang)(fang)爆(bao)泄(xie)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)墻(qiang)注意事項(xiang)（版）防(fang)(fang)爆(bao)泄(xie)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)墻(qiang)作為(wei)工(gong)(gong)業安全防(fang)(fang)護(hu)(hu)的(de)重(zhong)要設(she)施，在化(hua)工(gong)(gong)、能源等高危場所應(ying)用(yong)廣(guang)泛(fan)。針對威海(hai)(hai)地(di)區特(te)殊氣候及(ji)工(gong)(gong)業需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)，需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)重(zhong)點(dian)關注以下(xia)事項(xiang)：一(yi)、設(she)計(ji)(ji)規(gui)(gui)范1.嚴格執行《建(jian)筑設(she)計(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)火規(gui)(gui)范》（GB50016）及(ji)《抗爆(bao)間(jian)室(shi)結構(gou)設(she)計(ji)(ji)規(gui)(gui)范》（GB50907），泄(xie)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)面積(ji)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)通過(guo)模擬計(ji)(ji)算確定，不(bu)得低(di)于(yu)空間(jian)體積(ji)的(de)0.05㎡/m3。2.威海(hai)(hai)屬沿海(hai)(hai)氣候，需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)在設(she)計(ji)(ji)中增加抗鹽霧腐蝕余量，建(jian)議采用(yong)316L不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼緊(jin)固(gu)件，結構(gou)接縫(feng)處(chu)做三重(zhong)密(mi)封處(chu)理。二、材料選擇1.優先選用(yong)輕質復合防(fang)(fang)爆(bao)板材（密(mi)度(du)(du)≤60kg/m3），抗爆(bao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)值≥0.1MPa，耐火極限不(bu)低(di)于(yu)2小時。2.泄(xie)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)膜(mo)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)通過(guo)SGS認證(zheng)，耐候溫度(du)(du)范圍應(ying)覆(fu)蓋-20℃~120℃，透光率需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)＞80%以滿足應(ying)急照明需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求(qiu)。三、施工(gong)(gong)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)1.預埋件安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)使(shi)用(yong)防(fang)(fang)爆(bao)膠泥（抗壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強度(du)(du)≥20MPa），錨固(gu)深度(du)(du)不(bu)小于(yu)120mm，抗爆(bao)吊頂(ding)施工(gong)(gong)多(duo)少錢一(yi)平，間(jian)距不(bu)大(da)于(yu)400mm。2.墻(qiang)體垂直度(du)(du)偏差(cha)(cha)應(ying)≤3mm/m，泄(xie)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)口(kou)開啟(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)經三次氣密(mi)測試，誤差(cha)(cha)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)在±5%以內。四、維護(hu)(hu)管理1.建(jian)立季度(du)(du)巡檢(jian)制(zhi)度(du)(du)，重(zhong)點(dian)檢(jian)查密(mi)封膠老化(hua)情況(kuang)(kuang)（邵氏(shi)硬度(du)(du)變化(hua)＞15%需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)更換(huan)），使(shi)用(yong)超聲(sheng)波探傷儀檢(jian)測焊縫(feng)質量。2.臺(tai)風(feng)季前需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)進行專項(xiang)檢(jian)查，確保(bao)(bao)泄(xie)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置啟(qi)閉力(li)(li)≤50N，緊(jin)急情況(kuang)(kuang)下(xia)能0.3秒(miao)內完(wan)成泄(xie)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。五(wu)、應(ying)急聯動1.泄(xie)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)應(ying)與DCS控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)直連，設(she)置三級報警閾(yu)值（0.02kPa、0.05kPa、0.1kPa），實(shi)現分級響(xiang)應(ying)。2.定期組(zu)織(zhi)多(duo)部門聯合演練(lian)，確保(bao)(bao)泄(xie)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)后30秒(miao)內啟(qi)動噴淋抑爆(bao)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，5分鐘內完(wan)成人(ren)員疏散。特(te)別提示(shi)：威海(hai)(hai)地(di)區冬季溫差(cha)(cha)較(jiao)大(da)，建(jian)議每(mei)年11月進行熱脹冷縮(suo)補償裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置檢(jian)查，防(fang)(fang)止結構(gou)變形導致密(mi)封失效。所有(you)維護(hu)(hu)記錄需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)保(bao)(bao)存10年以上備查，建(jian)議采用(yong)技術實(shi)現數據不(bu)可篡改(gai)存儲。

青島(dao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)爆(bao)墻(qiang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術要點(dian)解析(xi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)爆(bao)墻(qiang)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)特殊防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護結構(gou)，廣(guang)泛應用(yong)于化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)園區、油氣儲運(yun)及(ji)危化(hua)(hua)品(pin)(pin)倉庫等場(chang)所，青島(dao)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)沿海(hai)(hai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)重鎮，其防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)爆(bao)墻(qiang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)兼顧安(an)全性(xing)與環境適應性(xing)。以(yi)下是施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)關鍵要點(dian)：一、設(she)計選材標準防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)爆(bao)墻(qiang)應采(cai)用(yong)鋼(gang)筋混凝土(tu)或防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)爆(bao)板(ban)(ban)材（如纖維水(shui)泥復合(he)鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)），墻(qiang)體(ti)厚(hou)度不低于250mm，抗爆(bao)壓力(li)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)達1.5MPa以(yi)上。材料(liao)(liao)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)具備(bei)國(guo)家防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)爆(bao)認證，沿海(hai)(hai)環境優先選用(yong)316L不銹鋼(gang)骨(gu)架及(ji)耐(nai)鹽霧涂(tu)(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)材料(liao)(liao)，確(que)保50年(nian)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)腐(fu)壽命。二、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)流程1.基礎處理：澆筑(zhu)C30混凝土(tu)條形(xing)(xing)基礎，預埋抗震錨(mao)栓，地(di)基承(cheng)載力(li)≥150kPa。2.主體(ti)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)：雙(shuang)層(ceng)(ceng)雙(shuang)向(xiang)φ12@150鋼(gang)筋網片綁(bang)扎(zha)，支模后(hou)澆筑(zhu)C40抗滲混凝土(tu)，振動密(mi)(mi)實(shi)。預制防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)爆(bao)板(ban)(ban)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)時，板(ban)(ban)縫需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)填充防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)爆(bao)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)膠并加裝(zhuang)(zhuang)L型(xing)角鋼(gang)加固。3.連接節(jie)點(dian)：與建筑(zhu)結構(gou)連接處設(she)置(zhi)20mm厚(hou)彈性(xing)緩沖層(ceng)(ceng)，采(cai)用(yong)M16化(hua)(hua)學(xue)螺栓固定，間距≤600mm。三(san)、質量控制要點(dian)1.防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)爆(bao)性(xing)能：施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)進行模擬測(ce)(ce)(ce)試，墻(qiang)體(ti)變形(xing)(xing)量≤L/240（L為(wei)(wei)墻(qiang)體(ti)高度）。2.密(mi)(mi)封(feng)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)：采(cai)用(yong)負壓法(fa)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)氣密(mi)(mi)性(xing)，泄(xie)漏率＜0.25m3/(h·㎡)。3.防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)處理：表面(mian)涂(tu)(tu)刷(shua)3小時耐(nai)火(huo)極限(xian)的(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)火(huo)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)，通(tong)過GB9978標準測(ce)(ce)(ce)試。青島(dao)地(di)區施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)特別注意：-雨(yu)季(ji)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)配置(zhi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)潮型(xing)灌漿料(liao)(liao)-冬(dong)季(ji)低溫期采(cai)用(yong)早強型(xing)混凝土(tu)并覆蓋保溫-臺風頻發(fa)區應增加抗風索錨(mao)固系統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程驗收需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)提供材料(liao)(liao)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)報(bao)告(gao)、隱(yin)蔽(bi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程記錄及(ji)第三(san)方防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)爆(bao)認證證書，確(que)保符合(he)GB50089-2018《民用(yong)品(pin)(pin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程設(she)計安(an)全標準》要求(qiu)。通(tong)過科學(xue)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)與嚴格管控，有效保障防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)爆(bao)設(she)施(shi)(shi)的(de)安(an)全防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)護效能。

淄博輕質防(fang)(fang)爆(bao)(bao)墻(qiang)作為(wei)一種(zhong)特殊安(an)(an)全(quan)防(fang)(fang)護(hu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施，在(zai)工業(ye)、化(hua)工等高危領域應(ying)(ying)用廣泛。為(wei)確保(bao)其安(an)(an)全(quan)性(xing)(xing)與功能(neng)(neng)性(xing)(xing)，抗爆(bao)(bao)吊(diao)頂(ding)廠(chang)家(jia)，需(xu)重(zhong)點關注以下事項(xiang)：###一、材(cai)料(liao)選(xuan)擇與設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)合(he)(he)規性(xing)(xing)1.選(xuan)用符(fu)合(he)(he)（如(ru)GB50016、GB50222）的(de)(de)輕質防(fang)(fang)火(huo)防(fang)(fang)爆(bao)(bao)材(cai)料(liao)，驗(yan)(yan)證廠(chang)家(jia)提(ti)供的(de)(de)檢(jian)測報告及(ji)資(zi)(zi)質文件(jian)。2.設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)階(jie)段需(xu)由機(ji)構進(jin)(jin)行(xing)結(jie)構計(ji)算，確保(bao)墻(qiang)體厚度、連接節(jie)點等參(can)數滿足(zu)防(fang)(fang)爆(bao)(bao)等級要求，同時(shi)考慮設(she)(she)(she)(she)備布局、管線走向等現場條件(jian)。###二、施工安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)規范(fan)1.基礎處理(li)：安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)前需(xu)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)基層(ceng)平整度及(ji)承重(zhong)能(neng)(neng)力(li)，臨(lin)沂抗爆(bao)(bao)吊(diao)頂(ding)，混凝土基面需(xu)達(da)到C20以上(shang)強度，鋼結(jie)構需(xu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)防(fang)(fang)腐(fu)處理(li)。2.施工：必須由具(ju)備防(fang)(fang)爆(bao)(bao)設(she)(she)(she)(she)施安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)資(zi)(zi)質的(de)(de)團隊(dui)操作，使(shi)用防(fang)(fang)爆(bao)(bao)型膨脹(zhang)螺(luo)栓固定（間距≤500mm），接縫處采用防(fang)(fang)火(huo)密(mi)封膠填充(chong)，并加裝(zhuang)(zhuang)防(fang)(fang)爆(bao)(bao)型壓(ya)條。3.設(she)(she)(she)(she)備集成(cheng)：墻(qiang)體預留孔(kong)洞需(xu)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)防(fang)(fang)爆(bao)(bao)套管，電(dian)氣線路必須使(shi)用防(fang)(fang)爆(bao)(bao)穿線管，所有(you)開口部(bu)(bu)(bu)位(wei)需(xu)進(jin)(jin)密(mi)性(xing)(xing)測試。###三、安(an)(an)全(quan)驗(yan)(yan)收標準1.完(wan)成(cheng)壓(ya)力(li)測試：采用1.5倍設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)壓(ya)力(li)進(jin)(jin)密(mi)性(xing)(xing)檢(jian)測，保(bao)壓(ya)30分鐘無(wu)泄漏。2.第(di)三方(fang)檢(jian)測：需(xu)通(tong)過應(ying)(ying)急管理(li)部(bu)(bu)(bu)門的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)爆(bao)(bao)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)檢(jian)測，取得驗(yan)(yan)收合(he)(he)格(ge)證書后方(fang)可投入使(shi)用。###四、運維管理(li)要求1.每月檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)墻(qiang)體表(biao)面是(shi)否出現裂紋、變形，接縫密(mi)封是(shi)否完(wan)好(hao)，重(zhong)點排查(cha)(cha)應(ying)(ying)力(li)集中區(qu)域。2.建(jian)立(li)清(qing)潔制度：使(shi)用中性(xing)(xing)清(qing)潔劑定期清(qing)理(li)，嚴禁(jin)使(shi)用腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)(xing)化(hua)學品，保(bao)持泄爆(bao)(bao)面通(tong)暢(chang)。3.建(jian)立(li)應(ying)(ying)急響應(ying)(ying)機(ji)制，周(zhou)邊20米內禁(jin)止堆放物品，抗爆(bao)(bao)吊(diao)頂(ding)價格(ge)，設(she)(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)明顯的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)爆(bao)(bao)警(jing)示標識及(ji)疏散指示。###五、特殊環境(jing)應(ying)(ying)對化(hua)工區(qu)域需(xu)額外增加耐腐(fu)蝕(shi)涂層(ceng)，高溫環境(jing)應(ying)(ying)選(xuan)用耐溫≥800℃的(de)(de)陶瓷纖維復(fu)合(he)(he)材(cai)料(liao)。每三年需(xu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)安(an)(an)全(quan)評(ping)估，及(ji)時(shi)更(geng)換老化(hua)部(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)。注：具(ju)體實施應(ying)(ying)結(jie)合(he)(he)《石油(you)化(hua)工企業(ye)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)防(fang)(fang)火(huo)規范(fan)》（GB50160）及(ji)地方(fang)安(an)(an)監部(bu)(bu)(bu)門要求，確保(bao)全(quan)生命周(zhou)期安(an)(an)全(quan)管理(li)。