由(you)(you)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)片制作(zuo)(zuo)條件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)隨機性，生(sheng)產出(chu)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)性能(neng)(neng)不盡相同，所以(yi)(yi)為了有(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)將性能(neng)(neng)一(yi)致或相近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組合在一(yi)起，所以(yi)(yi)應根據其性能(neng)(neng)參(can)數進行分類(lei)；電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)測試即通過(guo)測試電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出(chu)參(can)數（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓）的(de)(de)(de)(de)大小(xiao)對其進行分類(lei)。以(yi)(yi)提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)用(yong)率(lv)，做出(chu)質(zhi)量合格的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組件(jian)。光(guang)伏組件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要原材料：光(guang)伏玻(bo)璃。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組件(jian)采用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)面板玻(bo)璃是低鐵超白絨面鋼(gang)化(hua)玻(bo)璃。一(yi)般厚(hou)度為3．2mm和4mm，建材型太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組件(jian)有(you)時(shi)要用(yong)到5~10mm厚(hou)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)化(hua)玻(bo)璃，但(dan)無論厚(hou)薄都要求(qiu)透光(guang)率(lv)在90％以(yi)(yi)上。太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)是將太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)轉化(hua)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)，或送往(wang)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中存儲起來，或推動(dong)負(fu)(fu)載工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。對正負(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，由(you)(you)于(yu)在PN結區域的(de)(de)(de)(de)正負(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷被分離，因而可以(yi)(yi)產生(sheng)一(yi)個外電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)場，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)從晶體硅片電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)底端經過(guo)負(fu)(fu)載流(liu)(liu)至電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)頂端。 這(zhe)就是 “光(guang)生(sheng)伏打效(xiao)應”。

將(jiang)一個(ge)負載(zai)連接在(zai)太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)上下兩表面間時，將(jiang)有(you)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)過該負載(zai)，于是太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi) 就(jiu)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)了電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)；太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)吸收的(de)光(guang)子越多(duo)，產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)也(ye)就(jiu)越大。光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)組(zu)件(jian)對晶(jing)(jing)硅電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)件(jian)背板的(de)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)要求(qiu)通(tong)常包括：1.具有(you)良好的(de)耐(nai)氣候性能(neng)(neng)(neng)；2.層(ceng)壓溫度下不起任何變化。光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)組(zu)件(jian)中單(dan)(dan)(dan)晶(jing)(jing)組(zu)件(jian)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)流(liu)(liu)程單(dan)(dan)(dan)晶(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)件(jian)的(de)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)始于單(dan)(dan)(dan)晶(jing)(jing)爐，光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)組(zu)件(jian)多(duo)少錢(qian)，在(zai)單(dan)(dan)(dan)晶(jing)(jing)爐中將(jiang)“籽(zi)晶(jing)(jing)”放于旋轉軸(zhou)上讓硅晶(jing)(jing)體圍繞(rao)其緩(huan)慢生(sheng)(sheng)長。單(dan)(dan)(dan)晶(jing)(jing)爐的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)長特征使得每一根(gen)單(dan)(dan)(dan)晶(jing)(jing)棒都是圓的(de)，單(dan)(dan)(dan)晶(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過程中還必須(xu)要有(you)一個(ge)切方的(de)過程。

光伏組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)背(bei)板材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)正適合(he)封裝(zhuang)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，作為電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)背(bei)板材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)有(you)(you)效(xiao)地防止(zhi)了(le)各種介質尤(you)其是水、氧、腐蝕性氣體(ti)等對(dui)(dui)EVA和太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)片的(de)(de)侵蝕與影(ying)響。多(duo)元化(hua)合(he)物太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)指不是用(yong)單(dan)一元素半(ban)導體(ti)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)制(zhi)成(cheng)的(de)(de)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。各國(guo)研究的(de)(de)品種繁多(duo)，太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)回收廠家，大多(duo)數尚(shang)未工業化(hua)生(sheng)產，太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)廠家，主要有(you)(you)以下(xia)幾種：太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，銅銦硒(xi)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(新(xin)型多(duo)元帶隙梯(ti)度Cu(In，上海太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能， Ga)Se2薄膜(mo)(mo)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。光伏組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)接線盒有(you)(you)良好的(de)(de)防水、防塵(chen)效(xiao)果(guo)。光伏組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)背(bei)板材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)中白(bai)色的(de)(de)復合(he)膜(mo)(mo)還可對(dui)(dui)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)光起(qi)反射(she)作用(yong)，能提(ti)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)轉換效(xiao)率，且(qie)對(dui)(dui)紅外線也有(you)(you)較強(qiang)的(de)(de)反射(she)，可降(jiang)低電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在強(qiang)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)光下(xia)的(de)(de)工作溫度。