基(ji)(ji)(ji)坑(keng)(keng)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，微(wei)(wei)型(xing)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)憑借其(qi)靈活的(de)(de)特(te)點，基(ji)(ji)(ji)坑(keng)(keng)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)報(bao)價(jia)(jia)，成(cheng)為復(fu)雜(za)環境下深(shen)基(ji)(ji)(ji)坑(keng)(keng)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)的(de)(de)優(you)選方(fang)案(an)。該技術采(cai)用(yong)(yong)直徑100～300mm的(de)(de)小(xiao)口徑樁(zhuang)(zhuang)體(ti)(ti)，通過(guo)單排(pai)、雙排(pai)或組合(he)式布置(zhi)，形成(cheng)剛度(du)可(ke)(ke)調(diao)的(de)(de)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)，適用(yong)(yong)于場地(di)(di)狹(xia)窄、鄰近建(jian)筑密集(ji)或地(di)(di)質條件(jian)復(fu)雜(za)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)場景。###一(yi)、技術優(you)勢(shi)與(yu)適用(yong)(yong)場景微(wei)(wei)型(xing)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)具(ju)有三大(da)優(you)勢(shi)：①施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)械小(xiao)型(xing)化(hua)(hua)，適用(yong)(yong)于作業面≥3m的(de)(de)受限空(kong)間(jian)；②可(ke)(ke)多角度(du)（0°～45°）斜(xie)向施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，實(shi)現空(kong)間(jian)立體(ti)(ti)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)；③對土(tu)體(ti)(ti)擾動(dong)小(xiao)，沉降控制(zhi)(zhi)精度(du)達±2mm。特(te)別適用(yong)(yong)于砂層、填(tian)土(tu)等軟(ruan)弱地(di)(di)層，基(ji)(ji)(ji)坑(keng)(keng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)方(fang)式有哪些，以及地(di)(di)鐵(tie)隧道、歷(li)史建(jian)筑等敏感區域保(bao)護(hu)項目。###二、模塊化(hua)(hua)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)1.**定位(wei)**：采(cai)用(yong)(yong)全(quan)站儀三維(wei)坐標放(fang)樣(yang)，樁(zhuang)(zhuang)位(wei)偏差控制(zhi)(zhi)在±20mm內(nei)2.**成(cheng)孔工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝**：根(gen)據地(di)(di)層選用(yong)(yong)洛(luo)陽鏟（黏(nian)土(tu)層）或跟管鉆機(ji)（流(liu)沙(sha)層），成(cheng)孔深(shen)度(du)誤差≤1%3.**結(jie)(jie)構安裝**：置(zhi)入Φ25～32mm鋼筋籠(long)或型(xing)鋼，灌注(zhu)M30水(shui)泥漿（水(shui)灰比0.5～0.6）4.**連接(jie)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)**：設置(zhi)200×200mm冠梁，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)錨栓連接(jie)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)頂與(yu)腰(yao)梁###三、動(dong)態(tai)調(diao)控措施(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)全(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)監測(ce)，通過(guo)軸力(li)計、測(ce)斜(xie)儀實(shi)時(shi)采(cai)集(ji)數據。當(dang)位(wei)移(yi)速率＞3mm/d時(shi)，立即啟動(dong)應急方(fang)案(an)：①補打45°斜(xie)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)加(jia)強支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)；②注(zhu)漿加(jia)固(gu)軟(ruan)弱區；③增設預應力(li)錨索（設計拉力(li)300～500kN）。通過(guo)BIM模型(xing)動(dong)態(tai)調(diao)整(zheng)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)間(jian)距（0.8～1.5m）和支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)角度(du)，基(ji)(ji)(ji)坑(keng)(keng)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)平(ping)米價(jia)(jia)格(ge)，實(shi)現變形控制(zhi)(zhi)。該方(fang)案(an)較傳統排(pai)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)節省造價(jia)(jia)15%～30，基(ji)(ji)(ji)坑(keng)(keng)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)期縮短40%，兼具(ju)經(jing)濟(ji)性與(yu)安全(quan)性。實(shi)際(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)需結(jie)(jie)合(he)地(di)(di)質雷達探測(ce)結(jie)(jie)果優(you)化(hua)(hua)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)長（8～15m），確保(bao)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)護(hu)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)與(yu)土(tu)體(ti)(ti)形成(cheng)協(xie)同受力(li)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)。

基坑支(zhi)護(hu)(hu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)是(shi)城市建設(she)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)節，其設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)直(zhi)接關系到項目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)體進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)度與周邊環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)穩。以下(xia)是(shi)對基坑支(zhi)護(hu)(hu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)從(cong)設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)到施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)解(jie)析：###設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)階(jie)段(duan)首行(xing)(xing)(xing)詳(xiang)細的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)勘(kan)察工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，了解(jie)地質(zhi)、水文及(ji)周邊環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境情況(kuang)；然后(hou)根據勘(kan)察結果(guo)編(bian)制設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)方案(an)，包括(kuo)選(xuan)擇適合(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)護(hu)(hu)形(xing)式(shi)（如土(tu)釘(ding)墻支(zhi)護(hu)(hu)、排(pai)樁支(zhi)護(hu)(hu)等）、確(que)定(ding)(ding)結構尺寸和(he)材料類型等內容。接下(xia)來將(jiang)方案(an)提(ti)交審核以確(que)保合(he)(he)(he)規性(xing)并(bing)根據意(yi)見進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)修改完(wan)善施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)圖紙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)制作(zuo)(zuo)。此外需(xu)注(zhu)意(yi)根據場(chang)地條件及(ji)周邊環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境綜(zong)合(he)(he)(he)考量選(xuan)擇合(he)(he)(he)適的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單一或組(zu)合(he)(he)(he)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)護(hu)(hu)方式(shi)以提(ti)果(guo)水平并(bing)考慮后(hou)續位移等問題(ti)做好(hao)(hao)規劃協調設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)以提(ti)升(sheng)整(zheng)體質(zhi)量效益(yi)滿足建設(she)需(xu)求(qiu)取得良好(hao)(hao)經(jing)濟(ji)社會效應。###施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)階(jie)段(duan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)前進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)組(zu)織準備和(he)現場(chang)布置(zhi)等工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)后(hou)按照設(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)開展土(tu)方開挖作(zuo)(zuo)業并(bing)注(zhu)意(yi)保護(hu)(hu)周邊環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境隨(sui)后(hou)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)入(ru)邊坡處理(li)步驟根據不同工(gong)(gong)藝要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)采(cai)取相應措施(shi)(shi)完(wan)成鋼(gang)筋加工(gong)(gong)模板安(an)裝混(hun)凝土(tu)澆筑(zhu)等環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)節并(bing)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)必要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防水排(pai)水設(she)置(zhi)確(que)保安(an)全穩定(ding)(ding)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)監(jian)測及(ji)時發現問題(ti)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)調整(zheng)并(bing)完(wan)成驗收整(zheng)理(li)資料移交使用單位。同時在(zai)整(zheng)個施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中需(xu)注(zhu)重(zhong)質(zhi)量控制安(an)全管(guan)理(li)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境保護(hu)(hu)以及(ji)合(he)(he)(he)理(li)安(an)排(pai)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)度等多方面事項的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)監(jian)督管(guan)理(li)以保障整(zheng)個工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)順利實施(shi)(shi)和(he)達到預期目標要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)實現良好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)和(he)社會效益(yi)價值貢獻推動(dong)城市建設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩步發展提(ti)升(sheng)人民生活質(zhi)量幸福感獲得感安(an)全感指(zhi)數增長態勢持(chi)續向(xiang)好(hao)(hao)方向(xiang)邁進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)！

基(ji)(ji)坑(keng)支護(hu)(hu)，作為現代建(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵環節之一，承載著(zhu)確保工(gong)(gong)(gong)程安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)、穩定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)使命。它如同一道堅實(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)屏障，守護(hu)(hu)著(zhu)建(jian)筑(zhu)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩固(gu)與(yu)(yu)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)，為共(gong)(gong)創安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)建(jian)筑(zhu)新時代奠定(ding)了堅實(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)。在深(shen)基(ji)(ji)坑(keng)開挖過(guo)程中(zhong)，周圍(wei)土(tu)體(ti)受到(dao)擾動(dong)易產生變形(xing)甚至(zhi)坍塌風險。因此，的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)坑(keng)支護(hu)(hu)技(ji)(ji)術顯得尤為重要(yao)。通(tong)過(guo)科(ke)學合理的(de)(de)(de)(de)方案設計與(yu)(yu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)，能(neng)夠有效地(di)控制土(tu)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)位移和沉降，保障周邊建(jian)筑(zhu)物的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)與(yu)(yu)正常(chang)使用(yong)功能(neng)不受影響。這一技(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)運用(yong)不僅關乎到(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)順(shun)利進行(xing)和質量達標更(geng)直接關系到(dao)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)及周邊居(ju)民的(de)(de)(de)(de)生命財產安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)。隨(sui)著(zhu)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)進步(bu)(bu)與(yu)(yu)創新理念的(de)(de)(de)(de)深(shen)入人心(xin)(xin)越(yue)來越(yue)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術和材料被應(ying)用(yong)于基(ji)(ji)坑(keng)支護(hu)(hu)領域(yu)如混凝(ning)土(tu)鋼支撐系統等(deng)這些創新技(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)進一步(bu)(bu)提升了支護(hu)(hu)結構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)性和承載能(neng)力(li)同時也推動(dong)了整(zheng)個行(xing)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術革新與(yu)(yu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)步(bu)(bu)伐的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)快向著(zhu)更(geng)加(jia)智能(neng)化化的(de)(de)(de)(de)方向邁進共(gong)(gong)同了一個全(quan)(quan)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)保障時代。展(zhan)(zhan)望未(wei)來我們期待更(geng)多人才的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)入以(yi)及技(ji)(ji)術創新的(de)(de)(de)(de)力(li)量不斷(duan)推動(dong)基(ji)(ji)坑(keng)支護(hu)(hu)乃(nai)至(zhi)整(zheng)個建(jian)筑(zhu)行(xing)業邁向更(geng)高(gao)水平的(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)新階段攜手(shou)共(gong)(gong)創一個讓人民安(an)(an)心(xin)(xin)居(ju)住放心(xin)(xin)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)美(mei)好家園(yuan)新篇章(zhang)！