現(xian)澆樓板植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)加固(gu)(gu)技術指南現(xian)澆樓板植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)加固(gu)(gu)是通過植(zhi)(zhi)入鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)增強(qiang)結(jie)構(gou)承載(zai)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)常用(yong)(yong)(yong)方法，適用(yong)(yong)(yong)于樓板承載(zai)力(li)(li)不足、開(kai)洞(dong)改造或老舊建(jian)筑維修等(deng)場景。其工(gong)藝(yi)如下(xia)(xia)：一、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)流程1.定位鉆孔(kong)依據設計圖(tu)紙(zhi)標定植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)位置，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電錘(chui)鉆孔(kong)。孔(kong)徑(jing)(jing)需(xu)(xu)大于鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)直徑(jing)(jing)4-8mm，深度(du)為鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)直徑(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)15倍（如Φ12鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)需(xu)(xu)18cm深）。鉆孔(kong)時(shi)(shi)應(ying)避開(kai)原結(jie)構(gou)鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，防止損傷。2.孔(kong)洞(dong)處理采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壓縮(suo)空(kong)氣清除(chu)孔(kong)內粉塵(chen)，再用(yong)(yong)(yong)擦拭孔(kong)壁，確(que)保無(wu)油污雜質。清孔(kong)不會導致粘結(jie)強(qiang)度(du)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)30%以(yi)上。3.注(zhu)(zhu)膠(jiao)(jiao)植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)將植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)(jiao)注(zhu)(zhu)入孔(kong)洞(dong)，膠(jiao)(jiao)量需(xu)(xu)填滿孔(kong)洞(dong)2/3。植(zhi)(zhi)入鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)后做360°旋轉，確(que)保膠(jiao)(jiao)體均勻包裹(guo)。建(jian)議選用(yong)(yong)(yong)膠(jiao)(jiao)，其抗(kang)拉強(qiang)度(du)需(xu)(xu)≥30MPa。二、關鍵控(kong)制(zhi)點1.材料標準鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)需(xu)(xu)符合HRB400級(ji)標準，植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)(jiao)應(ying)通過抗(kang)濕熱老化及耐長期(qi)應(ying)力(li)(li)測試。嚴(yan)禁使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)過期(qi)膠(jiao)(jiao)粘劑。2.環境控(kong)制(zhi)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)溫度(du)宜在5-35℃之(zhi)間，濕度(du)≤85%。低(di)溫環境需(xu)(xu)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)低(di)溫固(gu)(gu)化型膠(jiao)(jiao)，雨(yu)天(tian)禁止施(shi)(shi)工(gong)。3.養(yang)護要(yao)求夏季固(gu)(gu)化時(shi)(shi)間不少于24小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，冬季需(xu)(xu)延長至(zhi)48小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)。固(gu)(gu)化期(qi)間嚴(yan)禁擾(rao)動鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，72小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)后可進(jin)行拉拔檢(jian)測。三(san)、質量驗(yan)(yan)收采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)現(xian)場拉拔試驗(yan)(yan)檢(jian)測錨固(gu)(gu)力(li)(li)，抽(chou)檢(jian)數量不少于1%且不少于3根。檢(jian)測荷載(zai)應(ying)達到設計值的(de)(de)1.15倍，持荷2分鐘無(wu)滑移(yi)為合格。該技術具有施(shi)(shi)工(gong)靈活(huo)、對原結(jie)構(gou)破壞小(xiao)的(de)(de)優勢，但(dan)需(xu)(xu)注(zhu)(zhu)意鉆孔(kong)定位精度(du)和膠(jiao)(jiao)體飽(bao)滿度(du)控(kong)制(zhi)。建(jian)議委托加固(gu)(gu)公司施(shi)(shi)工(gong)，嚴(yan)格遵循《混(hun)凝(ning)土結(jie)構(gou)加固(gu)(gu)設計規范》（GB50367）要(yao)求，確(que)保結(jie)構(gou)安全。

剪(jian)力(li)墻(qiang)植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)加(jia)固施(shi)工(gong)(gong)流程一(yi)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)準備(bei)1.方(fang)案設(she)計(ji)(ji)：依(yi)據檢(jian)測報告(gao)(gao)及(ji)《混(hun)凝土結構(gou)(gou)加(jia)固設(she)計(ji)(ji)規范》確定植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)位(wei)置、直徑(jing)(jing)、深度及(ji)間距，加(jia)固植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)公司，編制專項施(shi)工(gong)(gong)方(fang)案。2.材料(liao)(liao)準備(bei)：選用植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)及(ji)HRB400級鋼筋(jin)(jin)，提供材料(liao)(liao)合格(ge)證明及(ji)拉(la)拔(ba)試(shi)驗(yan)報告(gao)(gao)。3.工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)面(mian)處理(li)：清理(li)墻(qiang)體表面(mian)浮灰、油污，剔除松散混(hun)凝土，暴露堅實基面(mian)。二、定位(wei)放線1.使用全(quan)站儀或鋼尺按設(she)計(ji)(ji)圖紙定位(wei)，彈線標記鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)中心點。2.復(fu)核(he)間距誤差(cha)，橫向(xiang)≤±5mm，縱向(xiang)≤±10mm，避(bi)開(kai)(kai)原(yuan)(yuan)結構(gou)(gou)主筋(jin)(jin)。三、鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)作(zuo)業1.采用電錘或水鉆(zhan)成孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)徑(jing)(jing)為鋼筋(jin)(jin)直徑(jing)(jing)+4~8mm，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)深≥15d（d為鋼筋(jin)(jin)直徑(jing)(jing)）。2.鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)垂直度偏差(cha)≤2°，遇鋼筋(jin)(jin)需(xu)調整孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)位(wei)并(bing)記錄(lu)備(bei)案。3.連續鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)時(shi)控制鉆(zhan)頭溫度≤60℃，防止(zhi)混(hun)凝土碳(tan)化(hua)。四、清孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)處理(li)1.使用高壓氣泵吹出孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)內粉塵，配合清孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)刷反復(fu)清理(li)3次。2.潤(run)濕棉紗(sha)擦拭孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)壁，確保(bao)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)內無明水、碎屑。五、注(zhu)膠(jiao)植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)1.采用注(zhu)射式植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)，注(zhu)膠(jiao)量(liang)(liang)達孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)深2/3，膠(jiao)體飽(bao)滿無氣泡。2.鋼筋(jin)(jin)表面(mian)打磨除銹后，旋轉插(cha)入孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)底，膠(jiao)液溢(yi)出孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)口(kou)1/3停止(zhi)。3.植(zhi)(zhi)入后24小時(shi)內嚴(yan)禁擾(rao)動(dong)(dong)，固化(hua)期間環(huan)境溫度保(bao)持5-35℃。六、質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)驗(yan)收(shou)(shou)1.外觀檢(jian)查：膠(jiao)體填充密實，鋼筋(jin)(jin)無松動(dong)(dong)。2.拉(la)拔(ba)檢(jian)測：按5‰抽(chou)樣(yang)進行非破(po)損拉(la)拔(ba)試(shi)驗(yan)，承載(zai)力(li)≥設(she)計(ji)(ji)值(zhi)1.15倍。3.驗(yan)收(shou)(shou)標準：執行《建筑結構(gou)(gou)加(jia)固工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)驗(yan)收(shou)(shou)規范》GB50550。注(zhu)意(yi)事(shi)項：1.避(bi)開(kai)(kai)陰雨天氣施(shi)工(gong)(gong)，相對濕度＞80%時(shi)應采取除濕措施(shi)。2.新舊混(hun)凝土結合面(mian)需(xu)鑿毛處理(li)并(bing)涂刷界(jie)面(mian)劑。3.固化(hua)時(shi)間根據膠(jiao)粘劑說明書確定，通常常溫（25℃）需(xu)72小時(shi)。該流程通過定位(wei)、規范操(cao)作(zuo)及(ji)嚴(yan)格(ge)驗(yan)收(shou)(shou)，可(ke)確保(bao)植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)體系與原(yuan)(yuan)結構(gou)(gou)協同(tong)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，提升剪(jian)力(li)墻(qiang)抗震(zhen)性(xing)能(neng)及(ji)承載(zai)能(neng)力(li)。

植筋(jin)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)工(gong)(gong)程注(zhu)意事項植筋(jin)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)是建筑(zhu)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)的關鍵技術之一，其(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)直(zhi)接(jie)影響結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)安全(quan)，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中需嚴格(ge)把(ba)控以下(xia)要(yao)(yao)點(dian)：1.**前期設(she)計(ji)與參數控制**-根據原結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)強(qiang)度(du)、荷載要(yao)(yao)求確(que)定(ding)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)規格(ge)（直(zhi)徑12-32mm常(chang)用），植入深度(du)需≥15倍鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)直(zhi)徑且≥100mm，間(jian)距不小于5倍鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)直(zhi)徑。-鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)直(zhi)徑應(ying)比(bi)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)大4-8mm（如Φ20鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)選(xuan)Φ24-28孔(kong)(kong)），避免鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)過深損傷原結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)主(zhu)筋(jin)。2.**材料(liao)選(xuan)擇(ze)與儲存**-選(xuan)用改性環(huan)氧(yang)類植筋(jin)膠，需具備抗(kang)濕(shi)熱老化、***檢測報告及抗(kang)震(zhen)認證。-化學錨固(gu)(gu)劑應(ying)冷(leng)藏(zang)保(bao)存（5-25℃），過期或(huo)結(jie)(jie)塊(kuai)材料(liao)禁止使(shi)用。3.**施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝要(yao)(yao)點(dian)**-鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)后采(cai)用三吹兩刷工(gong)(gong)藝清(qing)孔(kong)(kong)：先用高壓氣(qi)泵吹灰，尼龍刷清(qing)壁，擦拭，孔(kong)(kong)內含水率須(xu)＜5%。-注(zhu)膠量(liang)需達(da)孔(kong)(kong)深2/3，插(cha)入鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)時(shi)(shi)保(bao)持單向旋轉以排除氣(qi)泡(pao)，膠體(ti)(ti)溢出(chu)孔(kong)(kong)口方(fang)為合格(ge)。-固(gu)(gu)化期間(jian)嚴禁擾動(dong)，常(chang)溫（25℃）養護(hu)(hu)24小時(shi)(shi)，低(di)于10℃時(shi)(shi)延(yan)長(chang)至(zhi)48小時(shi)(shi)。4.**質(zhi)量(liang)檢測標準**-拉拔試驗(yan)按(an)5%比(bi)例(li)抽檢且不少(shao)于3根，抗(kang)拉強(qiang)度(du)需達(da)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)屈服強(qiang)度(du)標準值的1.25倍。-使(shi)用內窺鏡檢查膠體(ti)(ti)飽(bao)滿(man)度(du)，空(kong)鼓率超過10%需返工(gong)(gong)處理(li)。5.**安全(quan)與特(te)殊環(huan)境(jing)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)**-高空(kong)作(zuo)業需搭(da)設(she)操作(zuo)平臺，化學藥劑操作(zuo)人(ren)員須(xu)佩戴防護(hu)(hu)手套(tao)及護(hu)(hu)目鏡。-雨雪天氣(qi)停止室外作(zuo)業，環(huan)境(jing)溫度(du)低(di)于-5℃時(shi)(shi)應(ying)采(cai)用低(di)溫膠粘劑。施(shi)工(gong)(gong)全(quan)過程需嚴格(ge)執行《混(hun)凝土結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)設(she)計(ji)規范(fan)》GB50367要(yao)(yao)求，同步(bu)做好隱蔽(bi)工(gong)(gong)程驗(yan)收記錄。重點(dian)把(ba)控清(qing)孔(kong)(kong)性、膠體(ti)(ti)密實度(du)及養護(hu)(hu)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)三大環(huan)節，確(que)保(bao)新舊(jiu)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)協同受(shou)力。