睡(shui)眠(mian)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)機(ji)(ji)（C/Bi）是(shi)一種通(tong)(tong)過(guo)持(chi)續(xu)氣(qi)(qi)道正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)壓通(tong)(tong)氣(qi)(qi)治療(liao)睡(shui)眠(mian)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)障礙的(de)(de)，其原理(li)是(shi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)增壓維(wei)(wei)持(chi)氣(qi)(qi)道開放狀態。主要針對阻(zu)塞性睡(shui)眠(mian)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)暫停(ting)（OSA）患者，這類(lei)人(ren)群因(yin)上呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)道肌肉(rou)松弛導致氣(qi)(qi)道塌(ta)陷，引發(fa)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)暫停(ting)和低(di)氧(yang)血(xue)癥(zheng)。設備(bei)(bei)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)渦(wo)輪電機(ji)(ji)產生穩定(ding)氣(qi)(qi)流(liu)(liu)，經濕化(hua)器加濕后通(tong)(tong)過(guo)面(mian)罩輸送(song)到患者呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)道。C（持(chi)續(xu)氣(qi)(qi)道正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)壓）模式(shi)提(ti)供恒定(ding)壓力(li)(li)(li)（通(tong)(tong)常4-20cmH?O），在呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)氣(qi)(qi)與吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)氣(qi)(qi)階段均維(wei)(wei)持(chi)壓力(li)(li)(li)，飛利浦呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)監測儀維(wei)(wei)修，形成物(wu)理(li)性'氣(qi)(qi)撐'效應(ying)，阻(zu)止咽(yan)喉(hou)部軟組織塌(ta)陷。Bi（雙水平氣(qi)(qi)道正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)壓）則采用差異化(hua)壓力(li)(li)(li)設置，吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)氣(qi)(qi)時高壓（I）幫助肺部擴(kuo)張，呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)氣(qi)(qi)時低(di)壓（E）降低(di)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)阻(zu)力(li)(li)(li)，更(geng)適合合并慢性呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)衰竭患者。現代設備(bei)(bei)配(pei)備(bei)(bei)流(liu)(liu)量傳(chuan)感器和壓力(li)(li)(li)反(fan)饋系統，飛利浦呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)監測儀租賃，可實時監測呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)頻(pin)率、氣(qi)(qi)流(liu)(liu)波動及漏氣(qi)(qi)量，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)算法動態調(diao)節輸出壓力(li)(li)(li)。部分(fen)機(ji)(ji)型具備(bei)(bei)自(zi)動調(diao)壓功(gong)能（A），根據(ju)氣(qi)(qi)道阻(zu)力(li)(li)(li)變化(hua)在夜間(jian)自(zi)動匹配(pei)佳治療(liao)壓力(li)(li)(li)。加濕器模塊可調(diao)節氣(qi)(qi)體溫濕度，減少(shao)鼻腔干燥(zao)和黏膜刺激。臨床效果源于兩(liang)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)：機(ji)(ji)械(xie)性維(wei)(wei)持(chi)氣(qi)(qi)道通(tong)(tong)暢，消除呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)暫停(ting)事件；改善血(xue)氧(yang)飽和度，降低(di)因(yin)缺氧(yang)引發(fa)的(de)(de)覺(jue)醒反(fan)應(ying)。長(chang)期使用可恢復睡(shui)眠(mian)結構，減少(shao)。該設備(bei)(bei)屬于癥(zheng)狀控制(zhi)性治療(liao)，需配(pei)合生活方(fang)(fang)式(shi)干預才能達(da)到佳。

呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)機(ji)(ji)是(shi)一種通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)機(ji)(ji)械輔(fu)助幫(bang)(bang)助患者(zhe)(zhe)維(wei)持(chi)或(huo)改(gai)善(shan)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)，尤其對因疾病、手術或(huo)衰老(lao)(lao)導(dao)致呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)功能(neng)減(jian)弱的(de)(de)老(lao)(lao)年(nian)人(ren)(ren)至關重要(yao)。其原理(li)是(shi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)正(zheng)壓(ya)通(tong)(tong)(tong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)，將(jiang)(jiang)含氧(yang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體主(zhu)(zhu)動(dong)送(song)入(ru)肺(fei)部，替代或(huo)增強患者(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)自主(zhu)(zhu)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)能(neng)力(li)。**工(gong)作(zuo)原理(li)：**1.**氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體輸送(song)與壓(ya)力(li)支(zhi)持(chi)**呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)機(ji)(ji)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)管(guan)道連接面罩或(huo)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)插管(guan)，將(jiang)(jiang)混合氧(yang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體加壓(ya)后送(song)入(ru)患者(zhe)(zhe)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)道。吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)時(shi)，設(she)備根據預設(she)壓(ya)力(li)或(huo)容量(liang)參數(shu)，將(jiang)(jiang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體推入(ru)肺(fei)部，幫(bang)(bang)助擴張肺(fei)泡，促進氧(yang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)交換(huan)；呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)時(shi)降(jiang)低(di)壓(ya)力(li)，依靠肺(fei)部彈(dan)性回(hui)縮排出二氧(yang)化碳。此過(guo)(guo)程可(ke)(ke)緩解因肌力(li)不(bu)足（如(ru)慢(man)性阻塞(sai)性）或(huo)神經控制(zhi)異(yi)常（如(ru)后）導(dao)致的(de)(de)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)困難。2.**模式適配(pei)**-**無創通(tong)(tong)(tong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)（如(ru)C/Bi）**：通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)面罩提供持(chi)續或(huo)雙水(shui)平氣(qi)(qi)(qi)道正(zheng)壓(ya)，適用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)輕中(zhong)度呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)衰竭的(de)(de)老(lao)(lao)年(nian)人(ren)(ren)，如(ru)睡眠呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)暫(zan)停(ting)或(huo)COPD急性發作(zuo)。-**有創通(tong)(tong)(tong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)**：經氣(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)插管(guan)建(jian)立(li)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)道，飛利浦呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)監測(ce)儀維(wei)修，用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)嚴重呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)衰竭或(huo)術后無法(fa)自主(zhu)(zhu)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)患者(zhe)(zhe)，可(ke)(ke)控制(zhi)潮(chao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)、呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)頻率(lv)(lv)和(he)(he)氧(yang)濃(nong)度。3.**參數(shu)調節(jie)與安全保障**根據患者(zhe)(zhe)肺(fei)功能(neng)、血氧(yang)飽和(he)(he)度等指標，醫護人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)設(she)置潮(chao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)（每次送(song)入(ru)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體量(liang)）、呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)頻率(lv)(lv)、吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)比等參數(shu)。老(lao)(lao)年(nian)人(ren)(ren)因肺(fei)彈(dan)性下降(jiang)，常需較低(di)潮(chao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)和(he)(he)高(gao)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)末正(zheng)壓(ya)（PEEP）以防止(zhi)肺(fei)泡塌陷。設(she)備內置傳感(gan)器實時(shi)監測(ce)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)道壓(ya)力(li)、流量(liang)，上杭飛利浦呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)監測(ce)儀，異(yi)常時(shi)觸發警報(bao)（如(ru)漏氣(qi)(qi)(qi)、阻塞(sai)），避免(mian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)傷。**老(lao)(lao)年(nian)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)特點：**-濕化系統加溫加濕氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體，減(jian)少黏(nian)膜(mo)干(gan)燥損傷；-逐步(bu)撤(che)機(ji)(ji)模式幫(bang)(bang)助恢復自主(zhu)(zhu)呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)能(neng)力(li)；-減(jian)少呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)肌耗(hao)能(neng)，改(gai)善(shan)氧(yang)合，降(jiang)低(di)心臟負荷(he)。呼(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)機(ji)(ji)需嚴格在(zai)醫療監護下使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，不(bu)當(dang)設(she)置可(ke)(ke)能(neng)導(dao)致肺(fei)損傷或(huo)二氧(yang)化碳潴留。其本質是(shi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)械支(zhi)持(chi)，為老(lao)(lao)年(nian)患者(zhe)(zhe)爭取治療時(shi)間(jian)并(bing)提升生存質量(liang)。

瑞思邁（ResMed）呼吸機(ji)的(de)配(pei)(pei)件種類豐(feng)富，主要用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)提升使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)體驗、維持(chi)設(she)備性(xing)能以(yi)及保障治(zhi)(zhi)療衛生(sheng)。以(yi)下(xia)是常見配(pei)(pei)件的(de)分類說明：###一、面罩(zhao)及連(lian)接(jie)組件1.**面罩(zhao)**：分為鼻(bi)罩(zhao)（如AirFitN20）、口鼻(bi)罩(zhao)（如AirFitF20）、鼻(bi)枕（如AirFitP10）等(deng)類型(xing)，適(shi)配(pei)(pei)不(bu)同呼吸習慣患(huan)者。2.**頭帶(dai)/固(gu)定帶(dai)**：用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)調(diao)節(jie)面罩(zhao)松緊，部(bu)分型(xing)號(hao)含磁扣設(she)計（如AirTouch系(xi)(xi)列(lie)）。3.**旋轉接(jie)頭**：連(lian)接(jie)面罩(zhao)與管(guan)路(lu)，可(ke)(ke)360°旋轉避免(mian)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)纏繞。###二、管(guan)路(lu)系(xi)(xi)統1.**加溫管(guan)路(lu)**（ClimateLineAir）：內置溫控功能，防(fang)止(zhi)冷凝水(shui)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)。2.**普通管(guan)路(lu)**：標準連(lian)接(jie)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)，需(xu)(xu)定期(qi)(qi)更(geng)換(huan)避免(mian)老化。3.**空(kong)氣過濾(lv)器**：包含一次(ci)性(xing)超細過濾(lv)器（白色）和(he)可(ke)(ke)清(qing)洗泡沫過濾(lv)器（灰色），需(xu)(xu)每月(yue)更(geng)換(huan)。###三、濕化器組件1.**水(shui)罐**：存儲蒸餾水(shui)，部(bu)分機(ji)型(xing)配(pei)(pei)備獨立濕化盒（如AirMiniHumidX）。2.**加熱板**：集成于(yu)主機(ji)底部(bu)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)控制濕化溫度(du)。###四(si)、清(qing)潔(jie)與消(xiao)(xiao)毒1.**消(xiao)(xiao)毒儀**（如AirMiniCleaner）：適(shi)配(pei)(pei)便攜(xie)機(ji)型(xing)深(shen)度(du)清(qing)潔(jie)。2.**清(qing)潔(jie)刷(shua)套裝**：用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)清(qing)理(li)面罩(zhao)凹(ao)槽和(he)水(shui)罐死角(jiao)。3.**消(xiao)(xiao)毒濕巾**：不(bu)含酒精的(de)一次(ci)性(xing)衛生(sheng)護(hu)理(li)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。###五、電源(yuan)與便攜(xie)配(pei)(pei)件1.**DC電源(yuan)線**：支(zhi)持(chi)車載/戶外(wai)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。2.**便攜(xie)包**：AirMini等(deng)旅行機(ji)型(xing)收(shou)納包。3.**電池模塊(kuai)**：外(wai)接(jie)電源(yuan)延長使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)時間（需(xu)(xu)特定型(xing)號(hao)支(zhi)持(chi)）。###六(liu)、功能增強配(pei)(pei)件1.**SD卡**：存儲治(zhi)(zhi)療數據供醫生(sheng)分析。2.**無線模塊(kuai)**（AirView）：遠程傳輸睡眠報告。3.**防(fang)倒流閥**：防(fang)止(zhi)液體逆流損(sun)壞主機(ji)。**注意事項**：-面罩(zhao)硅膠(jiao)墊建議每3-6個月(yue)更(geng)換(huan)-管(guan)路(lu)和(he)過濾(lv)器需(xu)(xu)每月(yue)檢查更(geng)換(huan)-水(shui)罐應每日清(qing)洗并使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)蒸餾水(shui)-具體配(pei)(pei)件適(shi)配(pei)(pei)性(xing)需(xu)(xu)核對機(ji)型(xing)（如AirSense10與AirMini不(bu)通用(yong)(yong)(yong)）建議通過渠道(dao)(dao)購買原裝配(pei)(pei)件，并定期(qi)(qi)參(can)維護(hu)提示燈進行操作。保留產(chan)(chan)品(pin)說明書可(ke)(ke)幫助快速查詢配(pei)(pei)件型(xing)號(hao)及更(geng)換(huan)周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)。