廠房(fang)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)工藝(yi)流程（約450字）一、前期檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)與評估1.委托(tuo)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)對廠房(fang)進(jin)行(xing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)，鷹(ying)潭加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，包(bao)括結(jie)構(gou)(gou)裂縫、混(hun)(hun)(hun)凝土(tu)碳化(hua)深度、鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)銹(xiu)蝕率(lv)、基礎沉降等(deng)。2.采用回彈儀(yi)、鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)掃描儀(yi)等(deng)設備(bei)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)構(gou)(gou)件強度，通過三維(wei)掃描建立建筑結(jie)構(gou)(gou)模型。3.根(gen)據(ju)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)數據(ju)編制評估報告，確(que)(que)定(ding)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)等(deng)級及(ji)技(ji)術路線。二(er)、加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)方案(an)設計(ji)1.根(gen)據(ju)廠房(fang)使(shi)用功能(neng)(neng)、原結(jie)構(gou)(gou)特點及(ji)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)結(jie)果(guo)，選擇碳纖維(wei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、粘(zhan)(zhan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、外包(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)或增(zeng)(zeng)大截面(mian)法(fa)等(deng)方案(an)。2.進(jin)行(xing)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)承載(zai)力驗算，繪制加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)節點詳圖，廠房(fang)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，明確(que)(que)新增(zeng)(zeng)構(gou)(gou)件與原結(jie)構(gou)(gou)的連接方式(shi)。3.編制施工組(zu)織設計(ji)，包(bao)含(han)材料選型（如碳布(bu)等(deng)級、結(jie)構(gou)(gou)膠性(xing)能(neng)(neng)指標）、施工順序(xu)及(ji)應急(ji)預案(an)。三、施工準備(bei)1.搭設滿堂腳手架及(ji)安全(quan)(quan)防護網，對需(xu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)區域進(jin)行(xing)支(zhi)撐(cheng)卸荷。2.混(hun)(hun)(hun)凝土(tu)表面(mian)處理：剔(ti)除疏松層(ceng)至堅實基面(mian)，采用角(jiao)(jiao)磨(mo)機(ji)(ji)進(jin)行(xing)拉(la)毛處理，轉角(jiao)(jiao)處打磨(mo)成圓(yuan)弧狀(zhuang)。3.預埋(mai)化(hua)學錨栓(shuan)或種植(zhi)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)，超市加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，鉆孔(kong)后(hou)(hou)使(shi)用吹風機(ji)(ji)清理孔(kong)內(nei)粉塵。四、主要(yao)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)工藝(yi)1.碳纖維(wei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)：涂(tu)刷底層(ceng)樹脂→刮平膩(ni)子→粘(zhan)(zhan)貼(tie)碳布(bu)→滾壓排氣→多(duo)層(ceng)粘(zhan)(zhan)貼(tie)時重(zhong)復工序(xu)。2.粘(zhan)(zhan)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)：鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)板除銹(xiu)處理→預安裝(zhuang)定(ding)位(wei)→灌(guan)(guan)注結(jie)構(gou)(gou)膠→加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)壓固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)。3.外包(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)：角(jiao)(jiao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)與綴板焊接成框架→灌(guan)(guan)注環(huan)氧灌(guan)(guan)漿料→涂(tu)刷防銹(xiu)漆。4.新增(zeng)(zeng)混(hun)(hun)(hun)凝土(tu)構(gou)(gou)件：植(zhi)筋(jin)→綁扎鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)→支(zhi)模→澆筑微膨脹混(hun)(hun)(hun)凝土(tu)→養護28天。五、質量(liang)驗收1.采用敲擊法(fa)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查空(kong)鼓率(lv)（≤5%），拉(la)拔儀(yi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)粘(zhan)(zhan)結(jie)強度（≥2.5MPa）。2.測(ce)(ce)量(liang)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)后(hou)(hou)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)變形量(liang)，復核(he)構(gou)(gou)件尺寸偏(pian)差（±3mm以內(nei)）。3.整(zheng)理施工過程影像(xiang)資(zi)料，編制竣(jun)工圖紙(zhi)和檢(jian)(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)報告。施工中需(xu)特別注意：對承重(zhong)構(gou)(gou)件實施動態監測(ce)(ce)，避開(kai)設備(bei)運行(xing)時段作(zuo)業，嚴(yan)格(ge)把控結(jie)構(gou)(gou)膠固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)環(huan)境（溫度15-25℃，濕度≤70%）。加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)完(wan)成后(hou)(hou)需(xu)進(jin)行(xing)3個月沉降觀測(ce)(ce)，確(que)(que)保結(jie)構(gou)(gou)安全(quan)(quan)穩定(ding)。

房屋建(jian)筑(zhu)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)是(shi)一項技術性(xing)強、安全(quan)(quan)要(yao)(yao)求高(gao)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)，需(xu)(xu)遵循科學規(gui)范與(yu)指導。以(yi)下(xia)是(shi)關(guan)鍵(jian)注意事項：###一、前(qian)期(qi)安全(quan)(quan)評估與(yu)檢(jian)測(ce)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)前(qian)必須(xu)(xu)委托(tuo)機構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)對建(jian)筑(zhu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)檢(jian)測(ce)，包括結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)承(cheng)載(zai)力(li)(li)、裂縫(feng)分(fen)布(bu)、地基沉(chen)降、材(cai)(cai)料老化程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)等。重(zhong)點排查墻(qiang)體(ti)傾斜、梁柱(zhu)開(kai)裂、混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土碳化等問(wen)題，明確需(xu)(xu)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)的(de)薄弱部(bu)位(wei)，避(bi)免(mian)盲(mang)目施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。###二、科學制(zhi)(zhi)定加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)方(fang)案(an)(an)根據檢(jian)測(ce)結(jie)果，由具備資(zi)質(zhi)的(de)設(she)計單位(wei)編制(zhi)(zhi)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)方(fang)案(an)(an)。方(fang)案(an)(an)需(xu)(xu)符合《建(jian)筑(zhu)抗震加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)技術規(gui)程(cheng)(cheng)》等規(gui)范要(yao)(yao)求，選擇與(yu)建(jian)筑(zhu)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)匹配(pei)的(de)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)方(fang)法（如碳纖(xian)維(wei)布(bu)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、粘鋼加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、增設(she)剪力(li)(li)墻(qiang)等）。避(bi)免(mian)過度(du)(du)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)或加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)足，需(xu)(xu)兼顧經濟性(xing)與(yu)安全(quan)(quan)性(xing)。###三、嚴(yan)控材(cai)(cai)料與(yu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量1.**材(cai)(cai)料選擇**：使用符合的(de)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)材(cai)(cai)料，如碳纖(xian)維(wei)布(bu)需(xu)(xu)達到抗拉強度(du)(du)≥3400MPa，結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)膠須(xu)(xu)通(tong)過耐(nai)濕熱老化檢(jian)測(ce)。2.**工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝規(gui)范**：粘鋼加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)需(xu)(xu)除(chu)銹并(bing)控制(zhi)(zhi)膠層厚度(du)(du)；混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土置(zhi)換需(xu)(xu)分(fen)段澆筑(zhu)并(bing)充分(fen)振搗；植筋深度(du)(du)應(ying)(ying)≥15d（d為鋼筋直(zhi)徑）。3.**節(jie)點處理**：新(xin)舊結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)連(lian)接部(bu)位(wei)應(ying)(ying)設(she)置(zhi)錨(mao)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)筋或化學錨(mao)栓，確保(bao)有效傳力(li)(li)。###四、注重(zhong)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)整體(ti)性(xing)避(bi)免(mian)局部(bu)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)導致剛度(du)(du)突變，需(xu)(xu)統籌考慮荷載(zai)傳遞路徑。例如加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)樓板時(shi)需(xu)(xu)同步驗算(suan)梁柱(zhu)承(cheng)載(zai)力(li)(li)，加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)墻(qiang)體(ti)時(shi)應(ying)(ying)設(she)置(zhi)封閉圈梁構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)造柱(zhu)。對于歷史建(jian)筑(zhu)，需(xu)(xu)保(bao)留(liu)原有受力(li)(li)體(ti)系(xi)特征。###五、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)安全(quan)(quan)管理1.設(she)置(zhi)臨(lin)時(shi)支撐體(ti)系(xi)，防止拆除(chu)承(cheng)重(zhong)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)件時(shi)發生坍(tan)塌2.避(bi)開(kai)雨天進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)室外粘接作業，環境溫度(du)(du)宜(yi)在5℃-35℃之間3.對水電(dian)管線進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)遷移保(bao)護，泳池加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，嚴(yan)禁破壞未標注的(de)隱蔽工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)###六、驗收(shou)與(yu)后(hou)(hou)期(qi)維(wei)護工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)完成后(hou)(hou)需(xu)(xu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)荷載(zai)試驗驗收(shou)，并(bing)定期(qi)檢(jian)查加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)部(bu)位(wei)是(shi)否有開(kai)裂、脫(tuo)膠等現(xian)象。磚混(hun)(hun)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)建(jian)筑(zhu)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)后(hou)(hou)3年(nian)內應(ying)(ying)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)沉(chen)降觀測(ce)，每年(nian)不(bu)少(shao)于2次。特別提(ti)示：涉及主體(ti)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)變動的(de)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)，必須(xu)(xu)依法辦理施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)許(xu)可手續(xu)。建(jian)議委托(tuo)具備特種(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)承(cheng)包資(zi)質(zhi)的(de)單位(wei)實施(shi)，確保(bao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)合法合規(gui)。

墻改(gai)梁(liang)加固(gu)技(ji)術解(jie)析與(yu)應用(yong)指(zhi)南(nan)墻改(gai)梁(liang)加固(gu)是一種通過拆(chai)除部(bu)分(fen)承重墻并增設梁(liang)體(ti)(ti)進(jin)行(xing)荷(he)載(zai)轉(zhuan)移的結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)技(ji)術，廣(guang)泛應用(yong)于(yu)空間(jian)(jian)(jian)優化和建(jian)筑(zhu)功能升(sheng)級領域。該(gai)技(ji)術可有(you)效解(jie)決(jue)老(lao)舊建(jian)筑(zhu)開間(jian)(jian)(jian)狹窄(zhai)、布(bu)局不合理等(deng)問題，同時滿(man)足(zu)現(xian)代建(jian)筑(zhu)大空間(jian)(jian)(jian)需(xu)求(qiu)。【原理】通過鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)梁(liang)或鋼(gang)梁(liang)替代原有(you)墻體(ti)(ti)承重功能，將上部(bu)荷(he)載(zai)轉(zhuan)移至新(xin)增梁(liang)體(ti)(ti)及兩側(ce)承重結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)。需(xu)計(ji)算(suan)荷(he)載(zai)分(fen)布(bu)，確(que)保傳(chuan)力路(lu)徑連續穩定。【適用(yong)場景】?商業空間(jian)(jian)(jian)改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)（擴大店面、合并房間(jian)(jian)(jian)）?住宅功能升(sheng)級（開放式(shi)廚(chu)房、客廳擴容）?歷(li)史建(jian)筑(zhu)保護性改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)?結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)損傷修復(fu)工(gong)(gong)程【關鍵(jian)技(ji)術】1.臨時支撐(cheng)體(ti)(ti)系：采(cai)用(yong)滿(man)堂架/型鋼(gang)支架進(jin)行(xing)荷(he)載(zai)過渡2.梁(liang)體(ti)(ti)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝：-現(xian)澆混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)梁(liang)（適用(yong)性改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)）-裝配式(shi)鋼(gang)梁(liang)（施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)快(kuai)捷，適合工(gong)(gong)期(qi)緊張項目）3.節點加固(gu)技(ji)術：梁(liang)柱連接處采(cai)用(yong)碳(tan)纖維布(bu)/鋼(gang)板箍加固(gu)【實(shi)施(shi)(shi)流程】1.結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)檢測(ce)(ce)與(yu)荷(he)載(zai)驗算(suan)2.專項設計(ji)方案審批3.搭建(jian)臨時支撐(cheng)系統4.分(fen)段拆(chai)除墻體(ti)(ti)（單次拆(chai)除≤1.5m）5.植筋造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)梁(liang)與(yu)養(yang)護6.支撐(cheng)體(ti)(ti)系分(fen)級卸載(zai)7.竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)驗收與(yu)變形(xing)監(jian)測(ce)(ce)【注(zhu)意事項】?必須取得原設計(ji)單位或資質機構(gou)(gou)(gou)的技(ji)術認證?施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)期(qi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)實(shi)時監(jian)測(ce)(ce)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)變形(xing)（沉(chen)降需(xu)控制在(zai)(zai)L/400內）?嚴禁在(zai)(zai)抗震(zhen)薄弱層、轉(zhuan)換(huan)層等(deng)關鍵(jian)部(bu)位實(shi)施(shi)(shi)?混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)強(qiang)度需(xu)達C25以(yi)上，主(zhu)筋配筋率≥1%該(gai)技(ji)術可提升(sheng)空間(jian)(jian)(jian)利用(yong)率30%-50%，但需(xu)投入改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)成本(ben)約800-1500元/㎡。建(jian)議委托具(ju)備結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)補強(qiang)資質的團隊(dui)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)，確(que)保改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)安全合規。改(gai)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)后(hou)應定期(qi)進(jin)行(xing)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)性檢查(cha)，重點關注(zhu)梁(liang)端裂縫發展情況。