良好的過濾性

由(you)于液壓(ya)(ya)設備向著小型化、高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)、高(gao)速、大流量及自動化方(fang)向發展(zhan)，對(dui)液壓(ya)(ya)元件(jian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求更苛(ke)刻，精度(du)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求更高(gao)，這就增(zeng)加(jia)了裝置對(dui)雜(za)質的(de)敏(min)感性，只要(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)微小的(de)雜(za)質顆(ke)粒都會引(yin)起設備的(de)磨損和(he)失靈;另一方(fang)面(mian)，液壓(ya)(ya)油(you)在使(shi)(shi)用中(zhong)(zhong)被水污染后(hou)，水分(fen)促使(shi)(shi)油(you)中(zhong)(zhong)添(tian)加(jia)劑分(fen)解(jie)，分(fen)解(jie)產物沉積(ji)于過(guo)(guo)濾器表面(mian)，具有(you)使(shi)(shi)過(guo)(guo)濾器堵(du)塞趨勢(shi)增(zeng)大的(de)可(ke)能。所以(yi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求液壓(ya)(ya)油(you)具有(you)良好(hao)的(de)過(guo)(guo)濾性。液壓(ya)(ya)油(you)的(de)過(guo)(guo)濾性采用SH/T0210-92《液壓(ya)(ya)油(you)過(guo)(guo)濾性試驗法(fa)》測定(ding)。方(fang)法(fa)概要(yao)(yao)(yao):將100mL 樣(yang)品，在 86.7kPa高(gao)的(de)真空(kong)度(du)條件(jian)下，測定(ding)通過(guo)(guo)1.2um濾膜的(de)時(shi)間。對(dui)含水油(you)品，長城抗磨液壓(ya)(ya)油(you)，則是(shi)在油(you)樣(yang)中(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)%的(de)水分(fen)，機械(xie)液壓(ya)(ya)油(you)，激(ji)烈振蕩5min，在室溫避光處儲(chu)存168h，然后(hou)測定(ding)過(guo)(guo)濾時(shi)間。

液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)溫度(du)(du)過高的主(zhu)要(yao)危害1、設備動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)變(bian)(bian)(bian)慢(man)無力，降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低做工效率(lv)，加大發動(dong)(dong)機油(you)(you)耗。2、黏(nian)度(du)(du)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低，潤(run)滑性(xing)能(neng)(neng)下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，溫度(du)(du)對液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)黏(nian)度(du)(du)的影響很大。當溫度(du)(du)升高時(shi)，液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)分子(zi)活動(dong)(dong)加劇，內(nei)聚力減小(xiao)，液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)變(bian)(bian)(bian)稀，液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)油(you)(you)膜變(bian)(bian)(bian)薄并極易被破(po)壞，潤(run)滑性(xing)能(neng)(neng)變(bian)(bian)(bian)差，液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)元件磨損(sun)加劇，損(sun)害液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵、閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、鎖(suo)等重要(yao)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)元件。3、液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統內(nei)泄(xie)量增1大，液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統各項性(xing)能(neng)(neng)都開始變(bian)(bian)(bian)的不穩定。液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統工作(zuo)精度(du)(du)下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。控制閥(fa)(fa)(fa)的閥(fa)(fa)(fa)芯與閥(fa)(fa)(fa)體(ti)受熱膨脹，配(pei)合(he)間隙變(bian)(bian)(bian)小(xiao)，影響閥(fa)(fa)(fa)芯移動(dong)(dong)，磨損(sun)加劇，甚至(zhi)卡住，影響液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統操(cao)作(zuo)。4、液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)氧化(hua)速度(du)(du)加快(kuai)，導致液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)變(bian)(bian)(bian)質(zhi)，液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)廠(chang)商，降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)使用壽命。5、加速密封件老(lao)化(hua)，密封性(xing)能(neng)(neng)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低，合(he)肥液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)，后期外漏出現，到處滲油(you)(you)，難以清除。

液壓(ya)(ya)油(you)品(pin)種(zhong)的(de)選擇1、根據液壓(ya)(ya)系統(tong)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)選擇。不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)對液壓(ya)(ya)油(you)品(pin)質的(de)要求也不(bu)同(tong)(tong)，系統(tong)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)的(de)增加，要求液壓(ya)(ya)油(you)的(de)抗(kang)磨性(xing)、抗(kang)1氧化(hua)性(xing)、抗(kang)泡性(xing)以及抗(kang)乳化(hua)和(he)水(shui)解安(an)定等性(xing)能也要提高。同(tong)(tong)時，為防(fang)止壓(ya)(ya)力(li)的(de)增加而引起泄露，液壓(ya)(ya)油(you)粘度也要相應的(de)增加;反之，則選低粘度液壓(ya)(ya)油(you)。2、根據使用(yong)環(huan)境溫(wen)(wen)度選擇。在環(huan)境溫(wen)(wen)度高或(huo)靠近熱(re)源的(de)機械(xie)，應優先選用(yong)粘溫(wen)(wen)性(xing)高(油(you)的(de)粘度隨溫(wen)(wen)度變化(hua)而變化(hua)即粘溫(wen)(wen)性(xing))的(de)油(you)品(pin)或(huo)難燃(ran)性(xing)油(you)品(pin)。