建筑(zhu)植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)工程是(shi)一(yi)種通過(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)入(ru)(ru)鋼(gang)筋(jin)增強(qiang)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)承(cheng)載力的(de)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)技(ji)術(shu)，廣(guang)泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)既有建筑(zhu)改(gai)造、結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)補強(qiang)及構(gou)(gou)(gou)件(jian)連(lian)接等場景(jing)。以下是(shi)其(qi)知(zhi)識點(dian)：一(yi)、技(ji)術(shu)原(yuan)理植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)通過(guo)在混凝土(tu)構(gou)(gou)(gou)件(jian)中鉆(zhan)孔(kong)，注入(ru)(ru)高強(qiang)度(du)(du)膠(jiao)(jiao)粘(zhan)劑后植(zhi)(zhi)入(ru)(ru)鋼(gang)筋(jin)，利(li)用(yong)(yong)膠(jiao)(jiao)粘(zhan)劑的(de)粘(zhan)結(jie)力使鋼(gang)筋(jin)與(yu)原(yuan)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)形(xing)成整體(ti)，從(cong)而提升(sheng)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)拉、抗(kang)(kang)(kang)剪(jian)及抗(kang)(kang)(kang)震性能(neng)(neng)。其(qi)關鍵指標(biao)包括錨(mao)固(gu)(gu)(gu)深度(du)(du)、鋼(gang)筋(jin)規格及膠(jiao)(jiao)粘(zhan)劑性能(neng)(neng)。二、工藝(yi)流(liu)程1.定位(wei)放(fang)線：根據(ju)設(she)計(ji)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)標(biao)定植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)位(wei)置2.鉆(zhan)孔(kong)施(shi)工：采用(yong)(yong)鉆(zhan)機成孔(kong)，孔(kong)徑一(yi)般(ban)為鋼(gang)筋(jin)直徑的(de)1.2-1.5倍，深度(du)(du)需(xu)(xu)(xu)滿足設(she)計(ji)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)3.清孔(kong)處理：使用(yong)(yong)氣泵和毛(mao)刷清除(chu)孔(kong)內(nei)(nei)粉塵(chen)（需(xu)(xu)(xu)達三級清孔(kong)標(biao)準(zhun)）4.注膠(jiao)(jiao)植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)：將改(gai)性環(huan)(huan)氧樹(shu)脂(zhi)膠(jiao)(jiao)注入(ru)(ru)孔(kong)內(nei)(nei)2/3深度(du)(du)后插入(ru)(ru)鋼(gang)筋(jin)5.固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)養護(hu)：在常溫（25℃）下需(xu)(xu)(xu)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)24小時以上(shang)，低溫環(huan)(huan)境需(xu)(xu)(xu)延長固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)時間(jian)(jian)三、技(ji)術(shu)要(yao)點(dian)1.鉆(zhan)孔(kong)深度(du)(du)應(ying)≥15d（d為鋼(gang)筋(jin)直徑）2.清孔(kong)后孔(kong)內(nei)(nei)粉塵(chen)殘(can)留厚度(du)(du)不(bu)得超(chao)過(guo)1mm3.注膠(jiao)(jiao)量(liang)需(xu)(xu)(xu)保證鋼(gang)筋(jin)插入(ru)(ru)后膠(jiao)(jiao)體(ti)溢出(chu)孔(kong)口(kou)4.鋼(gang)筋(jin)植(zhi)(zhi)入(ru)(ru)后需(xu)(xu)(xu)做抗(kang)(kang)(kang)拔試驗(yan)，抽檢比例不(bu)低于(yu)3%四、適(shi)用(yong)(yong)范圍適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)梁柱節點(dian)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)、新(xin)增結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)構(gou)(gou)(gou)件(jian)連(lian)接、設(she)備(bei)基礎錨(mao)固(gu)(gu)(gu)等場景(jing)。特別適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)空間(jian)(jian)受限的(de)傳統加(jia)(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)方法難以實施(shi)的(de)部位(wei)，但不(bu)得用(yong)(yong)于(yu)嚴重(zhong)碳化(hua)(hua)（碳化(hua)(hua)深度(du)(du)超(chao)過(guo)保護(hu)層2/3）或(huo)存在結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)裂縫的(de)構(gou)(gou)(gou)件(jian)。五、注意事項施(shi)工環(huan)(huan)境溫度(du)(du)需(xu)(xu)(xu)在5-35℃之間(jian)(jian)，濕度(du)(du)≤80%；鉆(zhan)孔(kong)時應(ying)避開原(yuan)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)主筋(jin)，偏差(cha)不(bu)超(chao)過(guo)5mm；固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)(hua)期間(jian)(jian)嚴禁擾動(dong)鋼(gang)筋(jin)。植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)膠(jiao)(jiao)應(ying)選用(yong)(yong)膠(jiao)(jiao)，具(ju)備(bei)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)濕熱老化(hua)(hua)性能(neng)(neng)并通過(guo)安全性鑒定。該(gai)技(ji)術(shu)具(ju)有施(shi)工靈活、對原(yuan)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)損傷小等優勢(shi)，但需(xu)(xu)(xu)嚴格把控施(shi)工質量(liang)，確保新(xin)舊結(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)可靠連(lian)接，達到設(she)計(ji)使用(yong)(yong)年(nian)限要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。

工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)事(shi)項(xiang)植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)作為結(jie)構補強(qiang)的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要工(gong)(gong)藝，需(xu)(xu)嚴格把控施(shi)工(gong)(gong)質量(liang)及技術要點(dian)，主要注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)事(shi)項(xiang)如下(xia)：1.**前期勘察(cha)與(yu)設計**施(shi)工(gong)(gong)前需(xu)(xu)檢(jian)測原結(jie)構混凝(ning)土強(qiang)度(du)(du)（不(bu)低于(yu)(yu)C20），確認無裂(lie)縫、腐蝕等缺陷(xian)。根據設計荷載確定(ding)植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)深度(du)(du)（≥15d，d為鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)直徑(jing)），植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)價格多少(shao)錢(qian)，間(jian)距應(ying)(ying)(ying)≥5d。避(bi)(bi)開原有鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)位(wei)置，避(bi)(bi)免對原結(jie)構造成(cheng)二次損傷。2.**鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)工(gong)(gong)藝控制(zhi)**使(shi)用(yong)電錘或水鉆(zhan)(zhan)，孔(kong)(kong)徑(jing)應(ying)(ying)(ying)為鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)直徑(jing)+4~6mm。鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)深度(du)(du)誤差(cha)≤±5mm，孔(kong)(kong)道垂直度(du)(du)偏(pian)差(cha)≤2%。遇到鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)應(ying)(ying)(ying)重(zhong)(zhong)新定(ding)位(wei)，嚴禁強(qiang)行穿透(tou)。孔(kong)(kong)壁殘留粉塵需(xu)(xu)用(yong)高(gao)壓三吹三刷(shua)清理(li)(li)。3.**膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)粘劑應(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)規范**選用(yong)改性(xing)環(huan)氧類(lei)結(jie)構膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，雙(shuang)組分(fen)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)需(xu)(xu)充分(fen)混合(he)至色澤(ze)均勻。注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)量(liang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)達孔(kong)(kong)深2/3，鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)插(cha)(cha)入后膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)體溢出率(lv)≥90%。冬季施(shi)工(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)采(cai)用(yong)低溫(wen)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化型(xing)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，環(huan)境(jing)(jing)溫(wen)度(du)(du)低于(yu)(yu)5℃時應(ying)(ying)(ying)采(cai)取(qu)加(jia)溫(wen)措施(shi)。4.**鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)處理(li)(li)要求**鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)表面需(xu)(xu)打(da)磨除銹至金屬光澤(ze)，采(cai)用(yong)機械除銹禁止(zhi)化學(xue)清洗(xi)。植(zhi)入端加(jia)工(gong)(gong)2mm倒角，螺紋鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)需(xu)(xu)清除肋間(jian)雜質。植(zhi)入時保(bao)持勻速旋轉(zhuan)，確保(bao)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)體均勻分(fen)布。5.**固(gu)(gu)(gu)化養(yang)護管理(li)(li)**固(gu)(gu)(gu)化期間(jian)嚴禁擾動，標準(zhun)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化時間(jian)：環(huan)氧膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)24h（20℃），溫(wen)度(du)(du)每降10℃延長1倍時間(jian)。固(gu)(gu)(gu)化后需(xu)(xu)進行現場拉(la)拔試驗(yan)，抽檢(jian)數量(liang)≥1%且不(bu)少(shao)于(yu)(yu)3根，抗拔力(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)≥設計值的(de)1.3倍。6.**特殊環(huan)境(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)(ying)對**潮濕環(huan)境(jing)(jing)需(xu)(xu)使(shi)用(yong)水下(xia)植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，孔(kong)(kong)內積水需(xu)(xu)烘干處理(li)(li)。高(gao)溫(wen)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)（＞35℃）需(xu)(xu)縮短(duan)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)膠(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)-插(cha)(cha)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)時間(jian)（＜15分(fen)鐘）。鄰近高(gao)溫(wen)區域需(xu)(xu)設置隔熱層(ceng)。施(shi)工(gong)(gong)全過(guo)程(cheng)應(ying)(ying)(ying)做好防塵、防火措施(shi)，操作人員(yuan)佩(pei)戴防護裝(zhuang)備。完(wan)成(cheng)72小(xiao)時后進行質量(liang)驗(yan)收，建立完(wan)整的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)記錄檔案(an)。遵(zun)循規范可確保(bao)植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)體系(xi)與(yu)原結(jie)構協(xie)同受力(li)，提升(sheng)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)(gu)可靠(kao)性(xing)。

加(jia)固(gu)(gu)植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)工程(cheng)技術解析植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)是(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑結構(gou)(gou)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)中(zhong)廣泛應(ying)用的錨(mao)固(gu)(gu)技術，通(tong)過(guo)植(zhi)入(ru)鋼筋(jin)(jin)增(zeng)強(qiang)混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土結構(gou)(gou)的承載力(li)和連接性能，適(shi)(shi)用于梁柱節點加(jia)固(gu)(gu)、新(xin)增(zeng)構(gou)(gou)件連接等場景。一(yi)、工藝流程(cheng)1.定位(wei)(wei)放線：依據(ju)設計(ji)圖紙定位(wei)(wei)，誤(wu)差(cha)(cha)控制(zhi)(zhi)在±3mm內(nei)。2.鉆孔(kong)(kong)(kong)施工：采用電(dian)錘鉆頭，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)徑應(ying)比鋼筋(jin)(jin)直(zhi)徑大4-6mm（如Φ12鋼筋(jin)(jin)需(xu)(xu)(xu)Φ16孔(kong)(kong)(kong)），孔(kong)(kong)(kong)深需(xu)(xu)(xu)達(da)到15-20倍鋼筋(jin)(jin)直(zhi)徑。3.清孔(kong)(kong)(kong)處理：使用壓(ya)縮(suo)空氣清孔(kong)(kong)(kong)3次以上，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)壁粉(fen)塵殘留(liu)量(liang)(liang)需(xu)(xu)(xu)＜1mm，濕度(du)(du)(du)控制(zhi)(zhi)≤6%。4.注膠植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)：采用壓(ya)力(li)注膠器注入(ru)植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)膠，注膠量(liang)(liang)需(xu)(xu)(xu)達(da)到孔(kong)(kong)(kong)體積(ji)的2/3，緩慢(man)旋轉植(zhi)入(ru)鋼筋(jin)(jin)至設計(ji)深度(du)(du)(du)。5固(gu)(gu)化(hua)養護：膠常溫固(gu)(gu)化(hua)需(xu)(xu)(xu)≥24小時，B級膠需(xu)(xu)(xu)≥48小時，固(gu)(gu)化(hua)期(qi)間(jian)禁止擾動。二、關鍵(jian)控制(zhi)(zhi)點1.材料選擇：優先選用改性環氧類膠，抗拉強(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)≥18MPa，彈性模量(liang)(liang)≥1500MPa。2.鉆孔(kong)(kong)(kong)參數(shu)：垂直(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)偏差(cha)(cha)≤2°，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)位(wei)(wei)偏差(cha)(cha)≤5mm，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)壁完(wan)整度(du)(du)(du)檢(jian)測(ce)采用內(nei)窺(kui)鏡。3.植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)深度(du)(du)(du)：按《混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土結構(gou)(gou)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)設計(ji)規范》GB50367要(yao)求，C30混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土中(zhong)Φ20鋼筋(jin)(jin)植(zhi)入(ru)深度(du)(du)(du)≥350mm。4.質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)檢(jian)測(ce)：固(gu)(gu)化(hua)后需(xu)(xu)(xu)進(jin)行非破損拉拔試驗(yan)，檢(jian)測(ce)值(zhi)應(ying)≥設計(ji)值(zhi)的1.3倍。三(san)、注意事項1.避開原結構(gou)(gou)主筋(jin)(jin)，鉆孔(kong)(kong)(kong)遇鋼筋(jin)(jin)應(ying)立即調整孔(kong)(kong)(kong)位(wei)(wei)2.冬季施工需(xu)(xu)(xu)采用低溫固(gu)(gu)化(hua)型(xing)膠粘劑（5-15℃適(shi)(shi)用）3.植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)后24小時內(nei)環境(jing)溫度(du)(du)(du)應(ying)保持(chi)5-35℃4.重要(yao)結構(gou)(gou)部位(wei)(wei)需(xu)(xu)(xu)增(zeng)加(jia)20%的隨(sui)機抽(chou)檢(jian)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)工程(cheng)的質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)直(zhi)接影響結構(gou)(gou)安全，施工過(guo)程(cheng)應(ying)嚴格執行《建(jian)(jian)筑結構(gou)(gou)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)工程(cheng)施工質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)驗(yan)收規范》，建(jian)(jian)議委托檢(jian)測(ce)機構(gou)(gou)進(jin)行現(xian)場拉拔試驗(yan)，確保錨(mao)固(gu)(gu)力(li)滿(man)足設計(ji)要(yao)求。