等離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)拋光機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)結構(gou)(gou)組(zu)成(cheng)（約450字）等離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)拋光機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)是一種(zhong)利用低溫等離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)技術(shu)實現(xian)表面處(chu)理(li)的(de)精(jing)密設(she)備(bei)(bei)，其結構(gou)(gou)由七(qi)大系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)組(zu)成(cheng)：1.高頻電(dian)源(yuan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)作(zuo)為設(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力源(yuan)，采用高頻逆變(bian)技術(shu)（通常(chang)為20-100kHz），可輸出10-50kV的(de)高壓(ya)電(dian)場(chang)。電(dian)源(yuan)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)配(pei)備(bei)(bei)智(zhi)能調(diao)節模塊，能根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)需(xu)求(qiu)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)調(diao)整(zheng)輸出參數(shu)，確(que)保等離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)穩定(ding)生成(cheng)。主(zhu)(zhu)要包(bao)含整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)單(dan)元(yuan)、逆變(bian)單(dan)元(yuan)和(he)升壓(ya)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)等組(zu)件。2.等離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)發(fa)生器(qi)由特殊(shu)合(he)金(jin)電(dian)極和(he)陶瓷介質(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)構(gou)(gou)成(cheng)放電(dian)腔(qiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，通過(guo)高壓(ya)擊穿工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)形成(cheng)等離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)束。關鍵(jian)部件包(bao)括：-鎢(wu)銅合(he)金(jin)主(zhu)(zhu)電(dian)極-多層陶瓷絕緣介質(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)-氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)分(fen)配(pei)環-等離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)噴嘴組(zu)件3.真空(kong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)腔(qiang)室(shi)采用316L不銹鋼制(zhi)造的(de)雙層水(shui)冷腔(qiang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，配(pei)備(bei)(bei)石(shi)英觀察窗和(he)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)門鎖系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。腔(qiang)室(shi)容積根據(ju)型號(hao)不同(tong)在(zai)20-200L間變(bian)化(hua)(hua)，內(nei)部配(pei)置(zhi)可旋轉工(gong)(gong)(gong)裝夾具（轉速0-50rpm可調(diao)），并(bing)集成(cheng)溫度傳(chuan)感器(qi)和(he)壓(ya)力傳(chuan)感器(qi)。4.氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供(gong)應系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)含氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)混(hun)合(he)裝置(zhi)、質(zhi)(zhi)量流(liu)(liu)量控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)（MFC）和(he)廢氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)處(chu)理(li)單(dan)元(yuan)。典型配(pei)置(zhi)為氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)（主(zhu)(zhu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)源(yuan)）+氧氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)/氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)（反應氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)）雙路供(gong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)純度要求(qiu)達到99.999%，流(liu)(liu)量控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)精(jing)度±1%FS。5.循(xun)環冷卻(que)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)由板(ban)式換熱器(qi)、循(xun)環泵和(he)溫度控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)單(dan)元(yuan)組(zu)成(cheng)，黃銅等離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)拋光機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)廠家，采用去離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)水(shui)作(zuo)為冷卻(que)介質(zhi)(zhi)，維持電(dian)極溫度在(zai)15-25℃。冷卻(que)功(gong)率根據(ju)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)型不同(tong)在(zai)5-30kW之(zhi)間，配(pei)備(bei)(bei)漏水(shui)檢測和(he)流(liu)(liu)量報警(jing)裝置(zhi)。6.運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)含三軸機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械臂（定(ding)位精(jing)度±0.05mm）、旋轉工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)和(he)視(shi)覺定(ding)位系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。伺服電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)，搭配(pei)行星減速機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，實現(xian)復雜曲(qu)面工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)拋光。運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)軌(gui)跡可通過(guo)PLC或工(gong)(gong)(gong)業PC編程控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)。7.監測與(yu)安全系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)集成(cheng)等離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)光譜分(fen)析(xi)儀(yi)（波長(chang)范圍200-1000nm）、表面測溫儀(yi)（精(jing)度±2℃）和(he)殘余氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)分(fen)析(xi)儀(yi)。安全防護包(bao)括雙重門聯鎖、過(guo)壓(ya)保護、電(dian)弧檢測和(he)緊急(ji)停機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)裝置(zhi)，符合(he)CE安全標準。輔(fu)助系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包(bao)含工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)數(shu)據(ju)庫管(guan)理(li)模塊、廢氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)凈化(hua)(hua)塔(ta)（活(huo)性炭(tan)+HEPA過(guo)濾）和(he)去離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)水(shui)制(zhi)備(bei)(bei)裝置(zhi)。整(zheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)采用模塊化(hua)(hua)設(she)計(ji)，各系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)通過(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業總線互聯，支(zhi)持遠(yuan)程監控(kong)(kong)(kong)和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)參數(shu)云(yun)端存儲。

等(deng)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)拋(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)（PlasmaPolishing）是一種(zhong)基于低(di)溫等(deng)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)體技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)密(mi)表(biao)面(mian)處(chu)理工(gong)(gong)藝，等(deng)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)拋(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)機(ji)(ji)報(bao)價，其(qi)(qi)原(yuan)理是利用電(dian)離(li)(li)氣(qi)體產生的(de)(de)活性粒子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)對材(cai)(cai)料表(biao)面(mian)進(jin)行原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)級(ji)去除(chu)，實現亞微(wei)米(mi)級(ji)精(jing)(jing)度的(de)(de)超光(guang)(guang)(guang)滑表(biao)面(mian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)。與(yu)(yu)傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)機(ji)(ji)械或(huo)化學(xue)拋(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)相比，該技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)通過(guo)控(kong)制等(deng)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)體中(zhong)的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)能(neng)粒子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)（如(ru)(ru)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、自由基）與(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)表(biao)面(mian)的(de)(de)物理轟擊(ji)和(he)化學(xue)反應，不(bu)銹鋼等(deng)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)拋(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)機(ji)(ji)，可(ke)在(zai)不(bu)改變(bian)材(cai)(cai)料基體性能(neng)的(de)(de)前提下，有效消(xiao)除(chu)表(biao)面(mian)微(wei)觀缺陷。在(zai)真空或(huo)低(di)壓環境中(zhong)，工(gong)(gong)作氣(qi)體（常(chang)用氣(qi)、氧(yang)氣(qi)或(huo)混合(he)氣(qi)體）經(jing)高(gao)(gao)頻電(dian)場電(dian)離(li)(li)形(xing)成等(deng)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)體，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)帶電(dian)粒子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以定向(xiang)動能(neng)撞擊(ji)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)表(biao)面(mian)，選擇(ze)性去除(chu)凸起部位(wei)的(de)(de)原(yuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)層。這種(zhong)非接觸式(shi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)方(fang)式(shi)特(te)別(bie)適用于復(fu)雜幾何結構（如(ru)(ru)微(wei)孔、內腔、異形(xing)曲面(mian)）的(de)(de)拋(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)，處(chu)理精(jing)(jing)度可(ke)達Ra0.01μm，且能(neng)保持工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)原(yuan)有尺寸精(jing)(jing)度。目前該技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)已在(zai)航空航天(tian)發動機(ji)(ji)葉片、（如(ru)(ru)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)關節(jie)）、光(guang)(guang)(guang)學(xue)鏡片及(ji)半導(dao)體晶圓等(deng)制造(zao)領域獲得應用。等(deng)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)拋(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)優(you)勢體現在(zai)環保性和(he)普適性：處(chu)理過(guo)程無(wu)需化學(xue)拋(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)液，廢棄(qi)物接近(jin)零(ling)排放(fang)，等(deng)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)拋(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)機(ji)(ji)，符合(he)綠(lv)色制造(zao)標(biao)準(zhun)；可(ke)處(chu)理不(bu)銹鋼、鈦(tai)合(he)金、陶(tao)瓷等(deng)多種(zhong)材(cai)(cai)料，尤其(qi)(qi)擅長(chang)處(chu)理傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)方(fang)法易導(dao)致(zhi)變(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)超薄件(jian)(jian)(jian)（厚度0.1mm）。盡管設備(bei)(bei)初期投(tou)資較高(gao)(gao)（單(dan)臺設備(bei)(bei)約200-500萬元），但其(qi)(qi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)效率較傳(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)工(gong)(gong)藝提升3-5倍，且能(neng)顯著延長(chang)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)疲(pi)勞壽命(ming)。隨著精(jing)(jing)密(mi)制造(zao)向(xiang)納米(mi)級(ji)精(jing)(jing)度發展(zhan)，等(deng)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)拋(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)與(yu)(yu)智(zhi)能(neng)控(kong)制系統(tong)、原(yuan)位(wei)檢測技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)融(rong)合(he)，正(zheng)推動該技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)向(xiang)智(zhi)能(neng)化、模塊(kuai)化方(fang)向(xiang)演進(jin)，成為(wei)裝備(bei)(bei)制造(zao)的(de)(de)革新性表(biao)面(mian)處(chu)理方(fang)案。

首(shou)(shou)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)品等(deng)離(li)子(zi)拋(pao)(pao)光(guang)機(ji)的(de)(de)使(shi)用方(fang)法大致如下(xia)：1.**準備階段**使(shi)用的(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)拋(pao)(pao)光(guang)鹽加上自來水(shui)配(pei)制(zhi)成(cheng)4%-5%的(de)(de)水(shui)溶(rong)液(ye)，并將(jiang)(jiang)其(qi)加熱到接(jie)近沸(fei)騰狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態。同時確保(bao)(bao)(bao)機(ji)器(qi)處(chu)于良好工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態并連接(jie)好電源及相應的(de)(de)管線設(she)備。此外(wai)還(huan)需(xu)將(jiang)(jiang)待處(chu)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)品掛在掛具(ju)(ju)上并確保(bao)(bao)(bao)其(qi)固定(ding)穩妥(tuo)以(yi)(yi)防(fang)在加工(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)脫落或(huo)損壞。2.**操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)**打開等(deng)離(li)子(zi)拋(pao)(pao)光(guang)機(ji)并將(jiang)(jiang)配(pei)置好的(de)(de)水(shui)溶(rong)液(ye)倒入(ru)槽體(ti)(ti)中(zhong)(zhong)；然后(hou)(hou)將(jiang)(jiang)裝有(you)(you)首(shou)(shou)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)品的(de)(de)掛具(ju)(ju)鎖緊至機(ji)器(qi)的(de)(de)掛鉤處(chu)（部(bu)分機(ji)型可能(neng)需(xu)要手動調整(zheng)(zheng)掛件(jian)位(wei)置以(yi)(yi)確保(bao)(bao)(bao)所有(you)(you)需(xu)處(chu)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)部(bu)位(wei)都能(neng)均勻接(jie)觸電解液(ye)）；接(jie)著啟(qi)動設(she)備使(shi)得電流通過(guo)(guo)液(ye)體(ti)(ti)產生電離(li)效(xiao)應進而(er)對工(gong)(gong)件(jian)表面(mian)進行(xing)放電和微腐蝕以(yi)(yi)達到整(zheng)(zheng)平和拋(pao)(pao)出光(guang)澤(ze)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。（此步驟中(zhong)(zhong)可能(neng)會涉(she)及到調節(jie)電壓、控制(zhi)浸入(ru)深度等(deng)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)）完成(cheng)設(she)定(ding)時間后(hou)(hou)關閉(bi)電源并讓(rang)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)自然冷卻或(huo)在水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)快速沖洗去(qu)除(chu)殘留物即可取(qu)出檢(jian)查效(xiao)果并進行(xing)后(hou)(hou)續(xu)工(gong)(gong)序的(de)(de)處(chu)理(li)(li)了。需(xu)要注(zhu)意的(de)(de)是在整(zheng)(zheng)個操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)應佩戴適當(dang)的(de)(de)防(fang)護用品以(yi)(yi)避免酸堿液(ye)濺入(ru)眼睛或(huo)其(qi)他皮(pi)膚造成(cheng)傷(shang)害；同時也應注(zhu)意保(bao)(bao)(bao)持(chi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)環(huan)境的(de)(de)通風以(yi)(yi)減少(shao)有(you)(you)害氣體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)積聚對人體(ti)(ti)健康造成(cheng)影響以(yi)(yi)及定(ding)期(qi)檢(jian)查和維(wei)護設(she)備的(de)(de)正常運(yun)行(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)況以(yi)(yi)確保(bao)(bao)(bao)其(qi)穩定(ding)性和使(shi)用壽命的(de)(de)延長等(deng)等(deng)方(fang)面(mian)都是不可忽(hu)視的(de)(de)重要環(huan)節(jie)之(zhi)一哦！一般來說按(an)照上述操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)步驟來進行(xing)的(de)(de)話就可以(yi)(yi)輕松實現(xian)對于各(ge)種材質類型以(yi)(yi)及形狀(zhuang)(zhuang)大小各(ge)異之(zhi)珠寶(bao)首(shou)(shou)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)且地表面(mian)處(chu)理(li)(li)啦~