分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)是一(yi)種在用(yong)戶場(chang)地(di)附近建設的(de)(de)、以(yi)用(yong)戶側(ce)自(zi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)自(zi)用(yong)和多余電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)上網(wang)為主(zhu)要運(yun)行方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設施。它遵循因地(di)制宜、清潔、分(fen)散(san)布(bu)局、就近利(li)用(yong)的(de)(de)原(yuan)則，充(chong)分(fen)利(li)用(yong)當地(di)太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)資源(yuan)，減少化(hua)石(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消費。分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統采用(yong)光伏(fu)組(zu)件將太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)直接(jie)轉換為電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，具(ju)有(you)(you)污(wu)染小、環(huan)保效(xiao)益突出的(de)(de)特點。在發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中(zhong)，該系(xi)統沒(mei)有(you)(you)噪(zao)聲，也不(bu)會對(dui)空氣和水產(chan)生污(wu)染。此外，它還(huan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)在一(yi)定程度上緩解局地(di)的(de)(de)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)緊張狀況，提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)穩定性，減少輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)損(sun)失，促進(jin)可(ke)(ke)再(zai)生能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)的(de)(de)利(li)用(yong)。分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)場(chang)景(jing)廣泛(fan)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)在農村、牧區(qu)、山(shan)區(qu)以(yi)及(ji)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展中(zhong)的(de)(de)大、中(zhong)、小城(cheng)市(shi)或(huo)商業(ye)區(qu)附近建造，滿足當地(di)用(yong)戶的(de)(de)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)需求。具(ju)體來說，它可(ke)(ke)應(ying)用(yong)于建筑物屋頂、公共設施、農業(ye)領域、工業(ye)領域以(yi)及(ji)居民用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)等多個(ge)方(fang)面。然而，分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)也存在一(yi)些(xie)挑戰，如能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)密度相對(dui)較低(di)，以(yi)及(ji)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)中(zhong)的(de)(de)潮流方(fang)向變化(hua)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)導致的(de)(de)額外損(sun)耗等問題。但(dan)隨著技術的(de)(de)不(bu)斷(duan)進(jin)步(bu)和成本的(de)(de)不(bu)斷(duan)降低(di)，這些(xie)問題有(you)(you)望得到逐步(bu)解決(jue)。總的(de)(de)來說，分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)是一(yi)種具(ju)有(you)(you)廣闊發(fa)(fa)(fa)展前景(jing)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)綜合利(li)用(yong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)，對(dui)于推動能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)轉型(xing)、提高能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利(li)用(yong)效(xiao)率、促進(jin)可(ke)(ke)持(chi)續發(fa)(fa)(fa)展具(ju)有(you)(you)重要意義。

分布(bu)(bu)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是一種(zhong)(zhong)新型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)綜合利用方式，它(ta)倡導就近發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、并網(wang)(wang)、轉換和(he)使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)則(ze)。這種(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)通(tong)常位于(yu)(yu)用戶(hu)附近，所發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)主要用于(yu)(yu)就地利用，并通(tong)過(guo)較低的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等(deng)級接(jie)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)。其總裝機容量(liang)一般低于(yu)(yu)20兆瓦(wa)，并網(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)低于(yu)(yu)35千伏。分布(bu)(bu)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)原(yuan)理主要依賴于(yu)(yu)可(ke)(ke)再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)，如太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)、風能(neng)(neng)(neng)等(deng)。例如，太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)光伏發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)利用光伏組件(jian)將(jiang)太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)轉化為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。風能(neng)(neng)(neng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)則(ze)通(tong)過(guo)風力帶(dai)動發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機轉動產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。這種(zhong)(zhong)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式不僅提(ti)高(gao)了(le)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率，還降低了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力在升壓(ya)(ya)及長途運輸中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損耗。分布(bu)(bu)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)具(ju)有(you)諸多優點。首先，其供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)可(ke)(ke)靠性高(gao)，各電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)相互獨立，能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)自行(xing)控制，有(you)助(zhu)(zhu)于(yu)(yu)減(jian)少(shao)大規模(mo)停電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)事故。其次，分布(bu)(bu)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)主要使用可(ke)(ke)再生能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)進(jin)行(xing)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，有(you)助(zhu)(zhu)于(yu)(yu)減(jian)少(shao)環(huan)境污染。此(ci)外，分布(bu)(bu)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)還具(ju)有(you)明(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟(ji)優勢，對于(yu)(yu)偏遠地區或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)難以覆蓋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方，它(ta)提(ti)供了(le)可(ke)(ke)靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力供應(ying)方案。隨著技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不斷進(jin)步，分布(bu)(bu)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)光伏組件(jian)功率不斷提(ti)升，N型組件(jian)等(deng)新技(ji)術也在逐步普及，這將(jiang)進(jin)一步提(ti)高(gao)分布(bu)(bu)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率和(he)經濟(ji)效(xiao)益。未來(lai)，分布(bu)(bu)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)有(you)望在更多領域(yu)得到應(ying)用，為社會的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)持續發展做(zuo)出(chu)更大貢獻。

屋頂(ding)(ding)(ding)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)在(zai)(zai)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)領(ling)(ling)域發(fa)(fa)揮著(zhu)(zhu)舉足輕重的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。其組件——太陽能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池板，通過光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)吸收、光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)換和(he)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)輸出等環節(jie)，將光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)能(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)化為電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)，實現了(le)清潔能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)。這種發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)具(ju)有(you)(you)多重優勢。首先，它顯(xian)著(zhu)(zhu)減少(shao)了(le)對(dui)傳統(tong)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)依賴，降低(di)(di)了(le)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)成(cheng)本，尤其是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)陽光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)充足的(de)(de)(de)地區，屋頂(ding)(ding)(ding)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)供應(ying)相當一(yi)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)力(li)需求(qiu)。其次，屋頂(ding)(ding)(ding)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)有(you)(you)助于減少(shao)碳排放，降低(di)(di)對(dui)氣候(hou)變(bian)化的(de)(de)(de)影響，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)EPC，是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種環境(jing)友好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)解(jie)決方(fang)案。此外(wai)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)特性(xing)使得(de)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)與用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)端(duan)更加接近，減少(shao)了(le)輸電(dian)(dian)損(sun)耗，提高(gao)了(le)電(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定性(xing)和(he)抗災能(neng)(neng)力(li)。在(zai)(zai)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)場景上，屋頂(ding)(ding)(ding)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)具(ju)有(you)(you)廣泛的(de)(de)(de)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)性(xing)。無論是(shi)(shi)城市居民還是(shi)(shi)鄉村農戶，都可以(yi)在(zai)(zai)自(zi)(zi)家(jia)(jia)屋頂(ding)(ding)(ding)安裝(zhuang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏電(dian)(dian)池板，實現自(zi)(zi)發(fa)(fa)自(zi)(zi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)、多余電(dian)(dian)量上網的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)模式(shi)(shi)。同時，它也可以(yi)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于工商企(qi)業(ye)(ye)、公共事業(ye)(ye)設施等領(ling)(ling)域，幫(bang)助企(qi)業(ye)(ye)降低(di)(di)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)成(cheng)本，提高(gao)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)效率。隨著(zhu)(zhu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏技術的(de)(de)(de)不斷進步和(he)產業(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)的(de)(de)(de)完(wan)善，屋頂(ding)(ding)(ding)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)本也在(zai)(zai)持續下降，使得(de)其經濟性(xing)日益凸顯(xian)。此外(wai)，范(fan)圍內許(xu)多國家(jia)(jia)都出臺了(le)支持分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)政策，為行業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展提供了(le)穩(wen)定的(de)(de)(de)市場環境(jing)和(he)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展預期。綜上所述，屋頂(ding)(ding)(ding)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)作為一(yi)種清潔、可再(zai)生的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)形式(shi)(shi)，在(zai)(zai)節(jie)能(neng)(neng)減排、降低(di)(di)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)成(cheng)本、提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統(tong)穩(wen)定性(xing)等方(fang)面發(fa)(fa)揮著(zhu)(zhu)重要作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，具(ju)有(you)(you)廣闊的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展前景和(he)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)空(kong)間(jian)。