采(cai)用吸聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)材料裝飾在車(che)間的(de)(de)(de)內(nei)(nei)表面，如墻壁(bi)和(he)屋頂，或(huo)者在車(che)間內(nei)(nei)懸(xuan)掛空(kong)(kong)間吸聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)體，吸收輻射(she)和(he)反射(she)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)，使(shi)噪聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)強(qiang)度(du)減(jian)低。具有較好吸聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)效果(guo)的(de)(de)(de)材料有玻璃棉(mian)、礦渣棉(mian)、泡沫塑料、毛氈、棉(mian)絮、加氣(qi)混凝土、吸聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)板、木絲板等。影響隔(ge)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)墻體隔(ge)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)量的(de)(de)(de)主要原(yuan)因有:材料的(de)(de)(de)厚度(du)、材料的(de)(de)(de)密度(du)、聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學空(kong)(kong)腔、密封(feng)性等。考(kao)慮到吻合效應，常采(cai)用多(duo)層復合結構作(zuo)為隔(ge)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)材料。對于室內(nei)(nei)高噪聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)、要求防爆、需散熱(re)且換(huan)氣(qi)量較大(da)、頻繁操作(zuo)或(huo)維修的(de)(de)(de)，等多(duo)種大(da)型機(ji)械設備，發(fa)電(dian)機(ji)房降噪，都不宜采(cai)用隔(ge)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)罩的(de)(de)(de)形式，設置(zhi)一(yi)定高度(du)的(de)(de)(de)室內(nei)(nei)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)屏障就(jiu)可以起(qi)到一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)降噪效果(guo)。

吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)技術通常(chang)用于(yu)降低室內(nei)的混響聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，當室內(nei)天花板、四周(zhou)墻(qiang)面(mian)或(huo)空(kong)間(jian)安(an)裝、懸掛有吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)體(ti)時，聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波入(ru)射(she)到這些材(cai)料的表面(mian)上會進(jin)入(ru)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)材(cai)料的孔隙，從而(er)引起(qi)孔隙中(zhong)(zhong)的空(kong)氣和(he)(he)(he)材(cai)料的細小纖(xian)維(wei)振動(dong)，由于(yu)摩(mo)擦和(he)(he)(he)粘滯阻力，銅(tong)陵降噪(zao)工程，聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)轉(zhuan)變為(wei)(wei)熱能(neng)，而(er)被吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)收和(he)(he)(he)耗(hao)散掉，吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)材(cai)料的吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)性能(neng)愈好、面(mian)積愈大，降噪(zao)效果愈好。機(ji)械設備運(yun)轉(zhuan)產生的噪(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)其傳(chuan)播方(fang)式(shi)有兩種：一(yi)種是在空(kong)氣中(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)播，稱為(wei)(wei)空(kong)氣聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)；另一(yi)種是聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源激發固體(ti)構件振動(dong)，這種振動(dong)以彈性波的形式(shi)，通過基礎、廠(chang)房地(di)板、墻(qiang)柱、機(ji)組表面(mian)向外(wai)輻射(she)噪(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，即固體(ti)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。長期接觸較(jiao)強烈的噪(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)引起(qi)聽覺器1官損傷的變化一(yi)般是從暫時性聽閾位(wei)移逐漸發展為(wei)(wei)永(yong)1久性聽閾位(wei)移。

阻(zu)(zu)性消聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器是zui常用的(de)一種消聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器，它(ta)是一種吸(xi)(xi)收(shou)型消聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器，即利用聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波在多(duo)孔而且串1通(tong)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)材料中，隔(ge)音降(jiang)(jiang)噪(zao)工程廠家，因摩擦和粘滯阻(zu)(zu)力，將聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能轉化為熱(re)能耗散掉(diao)，從而達到消聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)目的(de)。降(jiang)(jiang)噪(zao)，顧名思義(yi)就是減少噪(zao)音對人(ren)的(de)影(ying)響。常用的(de)方(fang)法有：1、隔(ge)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)房(fang)；2、安(an)裝消聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器；3、隔(ge)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)屏障(zhang)；4、減振等。消聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器是一種既能使氣流通(tong)過又能有效(xiao)地降(jiang)(jiang)低噪(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)設(she)備(bei)。通(tong)常可用消聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器降(jiang)(jiang)低各(ge)種空氣動(dong)力設(she)備(bei)的(de)進出口(kou)或沿(yan)管道傳遞的(de)噪(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。