叉(cha)車(che)(che)在裝(zhuang)卸貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)時(shi)的注(zhu)意(yi)(yi)事項（約400字(zi)）叉(cha)車(che)(che)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)流作(zuo)(zuo)業的重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)工具，其安全操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)直接關系到(dao)人(ren)員安全和貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)完好。以下是裝(zhuang)卸貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)時(shi)需注(zhu)意(yi)(yi)的要(yao)點：一(yi)(yi)、作(zuo)(zuo)業前準備1.車(che)(che)輛檢查(cha)：確認(ren)剎車(che)(che)、液壓系統、輪(lun)胎、警示裝(zhuang)置完好，檢查(cha)燃油/電(dian)量是否充足2.貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)評估：核對貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)重(zhong)(zhong)量是否在叉(cha)車(che)(che)額定(ding)載荷內，確認(ren)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)尺寸(cun)及位置3.環(huan)境確認(ren)：檢查(cha)地(di)面平整(zheng)度(du)(du)（大坡度(du)(du)不(bu)超(chao)過(guo)10%），清(qing)除通道(dao)障礙物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，確保(bao)作(zuo)(zuo)業區照明充足二、裝(zhuang)卸規(gui)范1.貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)叉(cha)定(ding)位：貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)叉(cha)間(jian)距(ju)應(ying)(ying)與貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)尺寸(cun)匹配，插入托盤深(shen)度(du)(du)不(bu)小(xiao)于2/32.平穩操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)：起升貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)前確保(bao)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)叉(cha)完全進(jin)入托盤，升降(jiang)時(shi)保(bao)持(chi)勻速(su)(su)(su)，禁(jin)(jin)(jin)止單叉(cha)作(zuo)(zuo)業3.堆垛標準：貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)應(ying)(ying)靠近門(men)架(jia)，堆高(gao)超(chao)過(guo)1.5米(mi)需安裝(zhuang)防(fang)護(hu)架(jia)，禁(jin)(jin)(jin)止遮擋駕(jia)駛員視線三、行(xing)(xing)駛安全1.載物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)(xing)駛時(shi)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)叉(cha)離地(di)20-30cm，門(men)架(jia)后(hou)傾，嚴禁(jin)(jin)(jin)載人(ren)2.廠區限速(su)(su)(su)：直行(xing)(xing)不(bu)超(chao)過(guo)10km/h，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)彎(wan)降(jiang)至5km/h，濕滑(hua)路面減(jian)速(su)(su)(su)50%3.轉(zhuan)(zhuan)彎(wan)提前鳴笛，保(bao)持(chi)3米(mi)以上安全車(che)(che)距(ju)，牽引車(che)(che)，禁(jin)(jin)(jin)止急轉(zhuan)(zhuan)彎(wan)和急剎車(che)(che)四、特(te)殊注(zhu)意(yi)(yi)事項1.異形貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)需使用屬具，超(chao)寬(kuan)（超(chao)叉(cha)車(che)(che)寬(kuan)度(du)(du)10cm）貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)應(ying)(ying)倒(dao)車(che)(che)行(xing)(xing)駛2.液態(tai)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)裝(zhuang)載量不(bu)超(chao)過(guo)容器容積的95%，危險(xian)(xian)品作(zuo)(zuo)業須(xu)持(chi)證操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)3.雨(yu)天作(zuo)(zuo)業需降(jiang)低載荷20%，積雪路面應(ying)(ying)加(jia)裝(zhuang)防(fang)滑(hua)鏈五、人(ren)員管理(li)1.操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)員必須(xu)持(chi)證上崗(gang)，每2年參加(jia)復訓2.連(lian)續作(zuo)(zuo)業不(bu)超(chao)過(guo)4小(xiao)時(shi)，疲勞(lao)狀態(tai)下禁(jin)(jin)(jin)止操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)3.配備專職(zhi)安全員監督(du)，設置半徑3米(mi)以上的警戒(jie)區域作(zuo)(zuo)業后(hou)應(ying)(ying)按規(gui)定(ding)停放叉(cha)車(che)(che)，貨(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)叉(cha)落地(di)并切斷電(dian)源。定(ding)期維護(hu)保(bao)養（每250小(xiao)時(shi)一(yi)(yi)級(ji)保(bao)養），建立完整(zheng)的操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)日志和維保(bao)記錄。通過(guo)規(gui)范操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)和科學(xue)管理(li)，可(ke)降(jiang)低80%以上的裝(zhuang)卸事故(gu)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)。

鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)叉車(che)(che)因(yin)其、環(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)的特(te)點在(zai)倉儲物流(liu)(liu)中廣泛(fan)應(ying)(ying)用，但在(zai)裝(zhuang)卸貨(huo)物時(shi)(shi)需(xu)(xu)特(te)別注意(yi)以下事項，以確(que)保(bao)(bao)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)安(an)全(quan)并(bing)(bing)延長(chang)設備(bei)(bei)壽命：###一(yi)、操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)前檢查(cha)(cha)與準備(bei)(bei)1.**電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)狀態確(que)認(ren)**：檢查(cha)(cha)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)是否(fou)充(chong)(chong)(chong)足（建(jian)議保(bao)(bao)持20%-80%電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)區(qu)間），避(bi)免(mian)過充(chong)(chong)(chong)或(huo)過放(fang)(fang)。觀察(cha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)外觀有(you)無鼓包、漏液或(huo)異常(chang)發熱(re)(re)，若有(you)異常(chang)需(xu)(xu)立即停(ting)用。2.**設備(bei)(bei)安(an)全(quan)檢查(cha)(cha)**：確(que)認(ren)叉車(che)(che)制動系統(tong)、轉向燈(deng)、警(jing)示裝(zhuang)置正常(chang)；貨(huo)叉無裂紋或(huo)變形(xing)，牽引(yin)車(che)(che)維修廠家，升降鏈條(tiao)潤(run)滑(hua)到位。3.**環(huan)(huan)境(jing)評估**：作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業區(qu)域需(xu)(xu)平整、無油污或(huo)障礙物，確(que)保(bao)(bao)通(tong)風良好（鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)散熱(re)(re)需(xu)(xu)求高(gao)），避(bi)免(mian)在(zai)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)（＞40℃）或(huo)低溫(wen)(wen)（＜-10℃）環(huan)(huan)境(jing)下長(chang)時(shi)(shi)間作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業。###二、裝(zhuang)卸作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業規范(fan)1.**貨(huo)物匹配性(xing)(xing)**：嚴禁(jin)超(chao)載（需(xu)(xu)按(an)叉車(che)(che)額定載荷操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)），貨(huo)物需(xu)(xu)貼(tie)近貨(huo)叉根部，不規則貨(huo)物需(xu)(xu)使(shi)用夾具(ju)固定。2.**平穩操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)**：裝(zhuang)卸時(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)持勻速(su)升降，避(bi)免(mian)急加速(su)/急剎導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)瞬間大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。貨(huo)叉插入(ru)托盤后需(xu)(xu)確(que)認(ren)完(wan)全(quan)貼(tie)合，傾斜門架角度(du)不超(chao)過3°以防貨(huo)物滑(hua)落。3.**特(te)殊場景應(ying)(ying)對**：裝(zhuang)卸品時(shi)(shi)需(xu)(xu)關(guan)閉叉車(che)(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)；在(zai)坡道作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業需(xu)(xu)正向行駛，坡度(du)超(chao)過10%時(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)使(shi)用牽引(yin)輔助設備(bei)(bei)。###三、充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與維護(hu)(hu)要(yao)點1.**充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)規范(fan)**：使(shi)用原廠充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)區(qu)需(xu)(xu)獨立設置并(bing)(bing)配備(bei)(bei)滅火(huo)(huo)裝(zhuang)置（推薦D類干(gan)粉滅火(huo)(huo)器）。充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)確(que)保(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)降至室溫(wen)(wen)，禁(jin)止在(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)中使(shi)用叉車(che)(che)。2.**電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)保(bao)(bao)養**：每3個月執行一(yi)次深度(du)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)校準（SOC校準），長(chang)期停(ting)用時(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)保(bao)(bao)持50%電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)存放(fang)(fang)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極觸點需(xu)(xu)定期用酒精清潔，防止氧化。3.**故障應(ying)(ying)急**：若遇電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)冒煙或(huo)異味，立即切斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)并(bing)(bing)撤離人(ren)員(yuan)，嚴禁(jin)用水(shui)撲(pu)救（鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)熱(re)(re)失(shi)控(kong)需(xu)(xu)滅火(huo)(huo)介質(zhi)）。###四、人(ren)員(yuan)安(an)全(quan)防護(hu)(hu)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)員(yuan)需(xu)(xu)穿戴防滑(hua)鞋(xie)、反光背心(xin)，裝(zhuang)卸高(gao)層(ceng)貨(huo)架時(shi)(shi)佩(pei)戴安(an)全(quan)帽。建(jian)議每季(ji)度(du)開展鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)特(te)性(xing)(xing)專項培(pei)訓，重點培(pei)訓熱(re)(re)失(shi)控(kong)識(shi)別、緊急斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)及(ji)逃生路(lu)線。###五、環(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)合規廢(fei)棄鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)需(xu)(xu)交由回收(shou)機(ji)構處理，牽引(yin)車(che)(che)廠家維修，嚴禁(jin)私自(zi)拆解。運輸(shu)時(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)使(shi)用防震包裝(zhuang)并(bing)(bing)標(biao)(biao)注UN38.3認(ren)證標(biao)(biao)識(shi)。通(tong)過規范(fan)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)、強化日常(chang)維護(hu)(hu)和應(ying)(ying)急培(pei)訓，可發揮(hui)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)叉車(che)(che)效能，降低安(an)全(quan)風險。建(jian)議企業建(jian)立數字(zi)化管理系統(tong)，實(shi)時(shi)(shi)監控(kong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)健康狀態，實(shi)現預防性(xing)(xing)維護(hu)(hu)。

辦理(li)電動叉車(che)（即《特(te)種設(she)備作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)人(ren)員證(zheng)(zheng)》）需遵(zun)循以(yi)(yi)下步驟，具體(ti)(ti)流程(cheng)可能因地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)略有差異(yi)，牽引車(che)廠家電話，建(jian)議以(yi)(yi)當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)市場(chang)監(jian)管部(bu)門要(yao)求為(wei)準：---###**一、確(que)認發證(zheng)(zheng)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)**電動叉車(che)由國家市場(chang)監(jian)督管理(li)總(zong)局(ju)(ju)（原(yuan)）頒發，由各地(di)(di)(di)**市場(chang)監(jian)督管理(li)局(ju)(ju)**或授權機(ji)(ji)構(gou)（如特(te)種設(she)備作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)人(ren)員考(kao)試(shi)(shi)中(zhong)心(xin)）負責(ze)審核(he)和(he)發證(zheng)(zheng)。部(bu)分(fen)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)可通(tong)(tong)過(guo)“特(te)種設(she)備公(gong)(gong)示(shi)信息查(cha)(cha)詢平(ping)臺(tai)”或省級政(zheng)務服務網(wang)查(cha)(cha)詢辦理(li)入口。---###**二、報名(ming)(ming)條件**1.**年(nian)齡**：18周歲(sui)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)，身體(ti)(ti)健康；2.**學歷**：初中(zhong)及(ji)(ji)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)文化程(cheng)度(du)；3.**體(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)**：通(tong)(tong)過(guo)縣級及(ji)(ji)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)醫院體(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)，無、心(xin)臟病、等影響操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的疾(ji)病；4.**培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)**：需完成正(zheng)規(gui)(gui)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)的叉車(che)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)（部(bu)分(fen)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)允許考(kao)試(shi)(shi)前直接(jie)報名(ming)(ming)）。---###**三、辦理(li)流程(cheng)**1.**選擇培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)**-需在**市場(chang)監(jian)管部(bu)門備案的機(ji)(ji)構(gou)**參加培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)（可在當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)市場(chang)監(jian)管局(ju)(ju)查(cha)(cha)詢名(ming)(ming)單），培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)時長(chang)通(tong)(tong)常為(wei)3-5天(tian)，費用約(yue)800-1500元，包(bao)含理(li)論(lun)課程(cheng)（安(an)全(quan)法規(gui)(gui)、操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)規(gui)(gui)范）和(he)實(shi)操(cao)(cao)訓(xun)練。2.**提交(jiao)申請材(cai)料**-及(ji)(ji)復印件；-明或本（初中(zhong)及(ji)(ji)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)）；-近(jin)期(qi)2寸白底證(zheng)(zheng)件照；-《特(te)種設(she)備作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)人(ren)員考(kao)核(he)申請表(biao)》（或現場(chang)領取(qu)(qu)）；-體(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)報告（部(bu)分(fen)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)提供統一體(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)）。3.**參加考(kao)試(shi)(shi)**-**理(li)論(lun)考(kao)試(shi)(shi)**：機(ji)(ji)考(kao)形式(shi)，涉及(ji)(ji)安(an)全(quan)知識、操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)規(gui)(gui)程(cheng)等，滿分(fen)100分(fen)，70分(fen)及(ji)(ji)格；-**實(shi)操(cao)(cao)考(kao)試(shi)(shi)**：現場(chang)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電動叉車(che)完成裝卸、轉向(xiang)、堆(dui)垛等任務，考(kao)核(he)安(an)全(quan)規(gui)(gui)范和(he)技術熟練度(du)。4.**領取(qu)(qu)證(zheng)(zheng)書(shu)**-考(kao)試(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)后約(yue)15-30個工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)日內，可登錄**“特(te)種設(she)備公(gong)(gong)示(shi)信息查(cha)(cha)詢平(ping)臺(tai)”**電子證(zheng)(zheng)書(shu)，或到(dao)領取(qu)(qu)實(shi)體(ti)(ti)證(zheng)(zheng)。---###**四、復審要(yao)求**證(zheng)(zheng)書(shu)有效期(qi)**4年(nian)**，需在到(dao)期(qi)前3個月(yue)內申請復審：-提交(jiao)復審申請表(biao)、原(yuan)、體(ti)(ti)檢(jian)(jian)報告；-部(bu)分(fen)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)要(yao)求參加安(an)全(quan)教育培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)。---###**注(zhu)意(yi)事項(xiang)**1.警(jing)惕非正(zheng)規(gui)(gui)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)承諾，確(que)保培(pei)(pei)訓(xun)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)具備資質；2.未(wei)持證(zheng)(zheng)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)叉車(che)屬(shu)行(xing)為(wei)，可能面臨罰款；3.部(bu)分(fen)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)支持線上(shang)(shang)報名(ming)(ming)（如“省政(zheng)務服務網(wang)”），可縮短辦理(li)時間。如需進(jin)一步幫助，可撥(bo)打當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)**12345政(zheng)務服務熱線**咨詢具體(ti)(ti)政(zheng)策。