電(dian)(dian)(dian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)是(shi)近幾(ji)年(nian)在車(che)(che)銑(xian)(xian)復(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)領域出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)將車(che)(che)床(chuang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)與(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)融(rong)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)體的(de)(de)(de)新技(ji)(ji)術(shu)。高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)車(che)(che)銑(xian)(xian)復(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系統取(qu)消了(le)(le)帶輪傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)齒輪傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。車(che)(che)床(chuang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)由內裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)直接驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，從(cong)而把車(che)(che)床(chuang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)鏈(lian)的(de)(de)(de)長度縮(suo)(suo)短(duan)為(wei)(wei)零(ling)，實現(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)車(che)(che)床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)“零(ling)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)”。這種主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)與(yu)車(che)(che)床(chuang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)“合(he)(he)(he)(he)二為(wei)(wei)一(yi)”的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)結構(gou)形式(shi)，使主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)部件(jian)從(cong)車(che)(che)床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系統和(he)整體結構(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)相(xiang)對(dui)獨(du)立出(chu)來，因(yin)此可(ke)做(zuo)成“主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)單元”，俗稱“電(dian)(dian)(dian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)”。車(che)(che)銑(xian)(xian)復(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)是(shi)在車(che)(che)銑(xian)(xian)復(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)領域出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)將車(che)(che)床(chuang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)與(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)融(rong)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)體的(de)(de)(de)新技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，它(ta)與(yu)直線電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)、高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)刀具(ju)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)一(yi)起，把高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)加工(gong)推向一(yi)個新時代(dai)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)是(shi)一(yi)套組(zu)件(jian)，它(ta)包(bao)括電(dian)(dian)(dian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)本(ben)身及(ji)其附件(jian)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)變頻(pin)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)、油霧(wu)潤滑器、冷卻裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)、內置(zhi)編碼器、換刀裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)等(deng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)轉子(zi)直接作為(wei)(wei)車(che)(che)床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)單元的(de)(de)(de)殼體就(jiu)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)機(ji)(ji)(ji)座，并(bing)且配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)其他零(ling)部件(jian)，實現(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)與(yu)車(che)(che)床(chuang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)體化。目前，隨著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(變頻(pin)調速(su)(su)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)矢量(liang)控(kong)制技(ji)(ji)術(shu)等(deng))的(de)(de)(de)迅速(su)(su)發展(zhan)和(he)日趨完善，高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)車(che)(che)銑(xian)(xian)復(fu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系統的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械結構(gou)已得(de)到極大(da)的(de)(de)(de)簡化，基本(ben)上取(qu)消了(le)(le)帶輪傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)齒輪傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。車(che)(che)床(chuang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)由內裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)直接驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，從(cong)而把車(che)(che)床(chuang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)鏈(lian)的(de)(de)(de)長度縮(suo)(suo)短(duan)為(wei)(wei)零(ling)，實現(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)車(che)(che)床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)“零(ling)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)”。這種主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)與(yu)車(che)(che)床(chuang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)“合(he)(he)(he)(he)二為(wei)(wei)一(yi)”的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)結構(gou)形式(shi)，使主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)部件(jian)從(cong)車(che)(che)床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系統和(he)整體結構(gou)中(zhong)(zhong)相(xiang)對(dui)獨(du)立出(chu)來，因(yin)此可(ke)做(zuo)成“主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)單元”，俗稱“電(dian)(dian)(dian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)”。由于當前電(dian)(dian)(dian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要采用的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)交流高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，故也稱為(wei)(wei)“高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)”。由于沒有中(zhong)(zhong)間傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)環(huan)節，有時又稱它(ta)為(wei)(wei)“直接傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)”。

1、為了(le)常(chang)(chang)保(bao)護車床卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)常(chang)(chang)時(shi)間(jian)使(shi)用(yong)后，仍(reng)然有(you)良好(hao)精(jing)度，潤滑工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)很(hen)重要。不(bu)(bu)(bu)正(zheng)確或不(bu)(bu)(bu)合適潤滑將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)導(dao)致(zhi)一(yi)(yi)些問題，例如(ru)低(di)壓時(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)功(gong)能，夾(jia)(jia)持(chi)力(li)(li)減(jian)弱，夾(jia)(jia)持(chi)精(jing)度不(bu)(bu)(bu)良，不(bu)(bu)(bu)正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)磨損(sun)及(ji)卡(ka)(ka)(ka)住(zhu)，所以(yi)必須(xu)正(zheng)確潤滑卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)。2、每天至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)少打一(yi)(yi)次二硫(liu)化鉬油(you)脂(顏(yan)色為黑色)，將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)油(you)脂打入卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)油(you)嘴內直(zhi)到油(you)脂溢出夾(jia)(jia)爪面(mian)或卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)內孔處(內孔保(bao)護套與連(lian)結螺帽(mao)處)，但如(ru)果(guo)(guo)卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)高旋轉或大量(liang)水(shui)性切(qie)(qie)(qie)削油(you)于加(jia)工(gong)(gong)使(shi)用(yong)時(shi)，需(xu)要更多(duo)潤滑，須(xu)依照不(bu)(bu)(bu)同情況來決定。3、作(zuo)業終了(le)時(shi)務必以(yi)風或類似工(gong)(gong)具來清潔卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)本體(ti)及(ji)滑道面(mian)。4、至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)少每6個月(yue)拆下卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)分解清洗，保(bao)持(chi)夾(jia)(jia)爪滑動面(mian)干凈并(bing)給予潤滑，使(shi)卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)壽命(ming)增長(chang)。但如(ru)果(guo)(guo)切(qie)(qie)(qie)削鑄鐵每2個月(yue)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)少一(yi)(yi)次或多(duo)次來澈底清潔，檢查各部零(ling)件(jian)有(you)無及(ji)磨損(sun)之情形，嚴重者(zhe)立(li)刻更換新品。檢查完(wan)畢后，要充份給油(you)，才能組(zu)立(li)。5、針對(dui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同工(gong)(gong)件(jian)，必須(xu)使(shi)用(yong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同夾(jia)(jia)持(chi)方式或選擇制作(zuo)特(te)殊(shu)夾(jia)(jia)具。三爪卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)只泛用(yong)型(xing)一(yi)(yi)種挾治具，勉(mian)強(qiang)使(shi)用(yong)它去夾(jia)(jia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)規則或奇怪工(gong)(gong)件(jian)，會(hui)造成(cheng)卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)損(sun)壞!若卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)壓力(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)，會(hui)使(shi)卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)處于高壓力(li)(li)下，或機臺(tai)關(guan)機后卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)還將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)夾(jia)(jia)住(zhu)，這都會(hui)降(jiang)低(di)卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)壽命(ming)!所以(yi)當你(ni)發現卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)間(jian)隙過大時(shi)，必須(xu)立(li)即(ji)更換新卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)。6、使(shi)用(yong)具有(you)防銹效果(guo)(guo)切(qie)(qie)(qie)削油(you)，可以(yi)預防卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)內部生(sheng)銹，因為卡(ka)(ka)(ka)盤(pan)生(sheng)銹會(hui)降(jiang)低(di)夾(jia)(jia)持(chi)力(li)(li)，而無法將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)夾(jia)(jia)緊。

隨著科學(xue)技能的(de)飛(fei)速(su)(su)開展，機電(dian)產(chan)品的(de)更換速(su)(su)度(du)加(jia)速(su)(su)，對零件加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)精(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)和(he)(he)表面質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)要求(qiu)也越來(lai)越高(gao)(gao)。為了(le)(le)滿意這個復雜多(duo)變的(de)商場(chang)的(de)需(xu)求(qiu)，當前的(de)車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)正朝著高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)切削，干(gan)切削和(he)(he)準干(gan)切削的(de)方(fang)向開展，而且加(jia)工(gong)(gong)精(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)也在(zai)不斷進(jin)(jin)步(bu)。　　斜(xie)軌車(che)(che)銑(xian)復合數控機床(chuang)(chuang)采(cai)用(yong)45°斜(xie)式(shi)布局，床(chuang)(chuang)身為管狀(zhuang)中空(kong)(kong)結構，大(da)大(da)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)了(le)(le)車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中的(de)抗(kang)彎、抗(kang)扭剛(gang)度(du)，同時經過兩次時效(xiao)處理，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)了(le)(le)車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)穩定性(xing)(xing)(xing)，高(gao)(gao)剛(gang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)及(ji)高(gao)(gao)穩定的(de)床(chuang)(chuang)身為整(zheng)機的(de)高(gao)(gao)精(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)提(ti)供有力(li)保(bao)(bao)證本機主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)為獨立主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)單元(yuan)(yuan)，選(xuan)配高(gao)(gao)精(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)，潤滑(hua)(hua)使(shi)用(yong)進(jin)(jin)口軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)潤滑(hua)(hua)胎，整(zheng)體主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)單元(yuan)(yuan)熱(re)變小、穩定性(xing)(xing)(xing)佳、精(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)保(bao)(bao)持性(xing)(xing)(xing)好(hao)、免維護。主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)單元(yuan)(yuan)的(de)高(gao)(gao)精(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)、高(gao)(gao)轉速(su)(su)、率使(shi)整(zheng)機能完成粗、精(jing)(jing)(jing)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)。　　斜(xie)軌車(che)(che)銑(xian)復合數控機床(chuang)(chuang)制作(zuo)商選(xuan)用(yong)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，消除了(le)(le)皮(pi)帶，皮(pi)帶輪(lun)，齒輪(lun)等環節(jie)，大(da)大(da)減少了(le)(le)主(zhu)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)的(de)慣性(xing)(xing)(xing)矩(ju)，進(jin)(jin)步(bu)了(le)(le)主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)的(de)動(dong)(dong)態(tai)響應速(su)(su)度(du)和(he)(he)作(zuo)業精(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)，解決了(le)(le)主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)作(zuo)業時皮(pi)帶和(he)(he)車(che)(che)輪(lun)的(de)振動(dong)(dong)和(he)(he)噪音問題。選(xuan)用(yong)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)結構，主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)轉速(su)(su)可(ke)到達10000r/min以(yi)上(shang)。直線(xian)電(dian)機驅動(dong)(dong)速(su)(su)度(du)高(gao)(gao)，加(jia)減速(su)(su)特性(xing)(xing)(xing)好(hao)，具有優(you)勝的(de)響應特性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)跟從精(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)。選(xuan)用(yong)直線(xian)電(dian)機作(zuo)為伺服驅動(dong)(dong)器，消除了(le)(le)該中心傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)環節(jie)的(de)滾珠(zhu)絲杠(gang)，消除了(le)(le)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)空(kong)(kong)隙(xi)（包含反(fan)向空(kong)(kong)隙(xi)），運動(dong)(dong)慣性(xing)(xing)(xing)小，體系剛(gang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)好(hao)，在(zai)高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)下能夠，從而大(da)大(da)進(jin)(jin)步(bu)了(le)(le)伺服性(xing)(xing)(xing)。

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