房屋加(jia)固(gu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)技術是(shi)提(ti)升建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)結(jie)構(gou)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)性的(de)重要手段，需(xu)(xu)(xu)嚴(yan)格(ge)把控(kong)以(yi)意事項：**一(yi)、前期(qi)準備(bei)**1.設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)方(fang)案需(xu)(xu)(xu)由機構(gou)根(gen)據原結(jie)構(gou)參數（混(hun)(hun)(hun)凝土(tu)強度(du)(du)、荷載等）核(he)算植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)位置(zhi)、直(zhi)徑、深(shen)度(du)(du)，確(que)保(bao)(bao)符合(he)《混(hun)(hun)(hun)凝土(tu)結(jie)構(gou)加(jia)固(gu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)規范》要求。2.選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)HRB400級(ji)及以(yi)上帶(dai)肋鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)，禁止使(shi)用(yong)(yong)銹(xiu)蝕(shi)超標的(de)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)（銹(xiu)蝕(shi)層＞0.1mm需(xu)(xu)(xu)處理）。植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)(jiao)應(ying)具備(bei)抗濕熱老化(hua)認證(zheng)(zheng)，嚴(yan)禁使(shi)用(yong)(yong)環氧(yang)樹脂替代結(jie)構(gou)膠(jiao)(jiao)。**二、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)控(kong)制**1.鉆(zhan)孔(kong)直(zhi)徑宜為鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)直(zhi)徑+4-6mm（如Φ12鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)用(yong)(yong)Φ16-18鉆(zhan)頭），孔(kong)深(shen)≥15d（d為鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)直(zhi)徑）。鉆(zhan)孔(kong)后(hou)需(xu)(xu)(xu)用(yong)(yong)氣泵三(san)(san)吹三(san)(san)刷(shua)清理粉塵。2.注膠(jiao)(jiao)量需(xu)(xu)(xu)達到孔(kong)洞體積的(de)2/3，植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)入鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)時(shi)需(xu)(xu)(xu)緩慢旋轉(zhuan)（2-3轉(zhuan)/秒(miao)）確(que)保(bao)(bao)膠(jiao)(jiao)體密(mi)實，外露鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)需(xu)(xu)(xu)臨時(shi)固(gu)定至初凝（約2小時(shi)）。**三(san)(san)、質量控(kong)制**1.養(yang)護(hu)期(qi)需(xu)(xu)(xu)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)環境溫度(du)(du)15-30℃，相對濕度(du)(du)≤70%，固(gu)化(hua)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)≥72小時(shi)。采用(yong)(yong)非破(po)損拉拔試驗檢測，檢測值需(xu)(xu)(xu)≥設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)抗拔力(li)(li)的(de)1.5倍且不低(di)于(yu)90kN（以(yi)Φ20鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)為例）。2.新(xin)舊混(hun)(hun)(hun)凝土(tu)結(jie)合(he)面需(xu)(xu)(xu)鑿(zao)毛處理（凹(ao)凸(tu)差≥4mm），并涂刷(shua)界面劑。對于(yu)懸挑構(gou)件，建(jian)(jian)議采用(yong)(yong)預應(ying)力(li)(li)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)工(gong)(gong)藝降低(di)應(ying)力(li)(li)滯后(hou)。**四、特殊工(gong)(gong)況處理**1.鄰(lin)近既有管線(xian)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)時(shi)，鉆(zhan)孔(kong)前需(xu)(xu)(xu)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)掃描儀(yi)探測，保(bao)(bao)持≥100mm安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)距離。2.高(gao)溫（＞35℃）環境應(ying)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)耐高(gao)溫型植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)(jiao)，冬季施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)（＜5℃）需(xu)(xu)(xu)采取電熱毯預熱基材(cai)措施(shi)(shi)。**五、安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)事項**1.高(gao)空(kong)作(zuo)業需(xu)(xu)(xu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)雙(shuang)保(bao)(bao)險安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)帶(dai)錨(mao)點，電動(dong)工(gong)(gong)具須配備(bei)漏電保(bao)(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)（動(dong)作(zuo)電流≤30mA）。2.化(hua)學錨(mao)固(gu)劑存儲須遠離火源，梁植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)加(jia)固(gu)公司，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)現場配置(zhi)滅火器材(cai)，保(bao)(bao)持通風良好(hao)。植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)后(hou)應(ying)進(jin)行全(quan)(quan)數驗收，建(jian)(jian)立包含鉆(zhan)孔(kong)深(shen)度(du)(du)、注膠(jiao)(jiao)量、固(gu)化(hua)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)等參數的(de)質量追(zhui)溯檔(dang)案。建(jian)(jian)議委托第三(san)(san)方(fang)檢測機構(gou)進(jin)行現場抽檢，確(que)保(bao)(bao)加(jia)固(gu)效果滿足50年(nian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)年(nian)限要求。

建筑植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)加固(gu)工程(cheng)施工流程(cheng)可分為以下(xia)六個階段，確(que)保(bao)結構安全(quan)(quan)與施工質量(liang)：**1.施工準(zhun)備(bei)**-**技術交底**：組(zu)織設(she)(she)計(ji)、施工方(fang)進(jin)(jin)行方(fang)案審核，明(ming)確(que)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)規格(ge)(ge)、植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)入深(shen)度(du)(du)及間距。-**材料(liao)機具**：選用(yong)(yong)(yong)合格(ge)(ge)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)膠(jiao)(jiao)（膠(jiao)(jiao)），配備(bei)電(dian)鉆、吹風機、注(zhu)膠(jiao)(jiao)器(qi)等設(she)(she)備(bei)，檢查(cha)安全(quan)(quan)防護設(she)(she)施。-**基層(ceng)處理(li)**：剔除松(song)散(san)混凝土，暴露堅實基層(ceng)，必要時(shi)進(jin)(jin)行表面(mian)鑿毛(mao)處理(li)。**2.定(ding)位放線**-依據圖紙使用(yong)(yong)(yong)全(quan)(quan)站儀定(ding)位，彈線標記鉆孔(kong)(kong)位置，誤(wu)差控(kong)制(zhi)在±3mm內。復雜結構需(xu)復核原鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)位置，避免(mian)沖突，并記錄(lu)坐標數(shu)據備(bei)案。**3.鉆孔(kong)(kong)清孔(kong)(kong)**-按設(she)(she)計(ji)要求(qiu)鉆孔(kong)(kong)（孔(kong)(kong)徑為鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)直(zhi)(zhi)徑+4~8mm，孔(kong)(kong)深(shen)≥15倍鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)直(zhi)(zhi)徑），垂直(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)偏差≤2°。-清孔(kong)(kong)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)壓縮空氣與毛(mao)刷，確(que)保(bao)孔(kong)(kong)內無塵(chen)、干(gan)燥，并用(yong)(yong)(yong)擦拭孔(kong)(kong)壁，驗(yan)收(shou)合格(ge)(ge)后(hou)(hou)方(fang)可注(zhu)膠(jiao)(jiao)。**4.注(zhu)膠(jiao)(jiao)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)**-使用(yong)(yong)(yong)注(zhu)膠(jiao)(jiao)器(qi)從(cong)孔(kong)(kong)底注(zhu)入膠(jiao)(jiao)體(ti)，填滿孔(kong)(kong)洞2/3，避免(mian)氣泡。緩慢插入鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)（預先除銹），順(shun)時(shi)針旋轉排出空氣，膠(jiao)(jiao)體(ti)溢出表明(ming)飽滿。植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)入后(hou)(hou)24小(xiao)時(shi)內禁(jin)止(zhi)擾動(dong)(dong)。**5.固(gu)化養(yang)護**-根據膠(jiao)(jiao)粘劑(ji)說明(ming)書控(kong)制(zhi)固(gu)化時(shi)間，常溫(wen)下(xia)需(xu)≥24小(xiao)時(shi)，低溫(wen)環(huan)境延(yan)長至(zhi)48小(xiao)時(shi)以上。養(yang)護期(qi)間設(she)(she)置警示(shi)標識，防止(zhi)碰撞或荷(he)載施加。**6.質量(liang)驗(yan)收(shou)**-**拉拔試驗(yan)**：按規范隨機抽取3‰的植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)進(jin)(jin)行抗拉拔測試，承載力需(xu)≥設(she)(she)計(ji)值的1.2倍。-**外觀檢查(cha)**：膠(jiao)(jiao)體(ti)密實無裂縫(feng)，鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)無松(song)動(dong)(dong)，外露長度(du)(du)符(fu)合要求(qiu)。-驗(yan)收(shou)合格(ge)(ge)后(hou)(hou)形成(cheng)報告存檔，并移交至(zhi)監理(li)單位確(que)認。**注(zhu)意事(shi)項**：施工全(quan)(quan)程(cheng)需(xu)監測環(huan)境溫(wen)濕度(du)(du)，膠(jiao)(jiao)體(ti)凝固(gu)前避免(mian)水浸(jin)；交叉作(zuo)業時(shi)做好成(cheng)品(pin)保(bao)護。通(tong)過標準(zhun)化流程(cheng)控(kong)制(zhi)，可有(you)效提升植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)加固(gu)的耐久性與結構安全(quan)(quan)性。

樓(lou)房植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)事項1.**前期(qi)評估與(yu)設計(ji)**施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)由機構(gou)對(dui)(dui)建(jian)筑(zhu)結(jie)構(gou)進行(xing)檢(jian)(jian)測，明確加(jia)(jia)固(gu)范(fan)圍及(ji)(ji)荷載需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)求。設計(ji)單位應根據(ju)檢(jian)(jian)測結(jie)果出具(ju)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)方案，明確植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)位置(zhi)、規(gui)格、深(shen)度(du)及(ji)(ji)間(jian)距，確保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)符合《混凝土結(jie)構(gou)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)設計(ji)規(gui)范(fan)》（GB50367）要求。嚴(yan)禁擅自更改設計(ji)方案。2.**材料(liao)選(xuan)擇(ze)與(yu)檢(jian)(jian)驗**植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)膠(jiao)，具(ju)備抗(kang)老化(hua)、耐高(gao)溫性能，并附產品合格證及(ji)(ji)檢(jian)(jian)測報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)。鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)應使用(yong)(yong)HRB400級及(ji)(ji)以上螺(luo)紋鋼(gang)(gang)，表面無銹蝕、油污。施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)對(dui)(dui)膠(jiao)粘劑和鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)進行(xing)現(xian)場抽(chou)樣檢(jian)(jian)測，確保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)粘結(jie)性能達標。3.**鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝控制**鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)直(zhi)徑應為鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)直(zhi)徑的1.1-1.2倍（如Φ20鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)Φ22-24mm），深(shen)度(du)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)滿(man)足設計(ji)要求（通常≥15倍鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)直(zhi)徑）。鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)時(shi)應避(bi)開原(yuan)結(jie)構(gou)鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)，避(bi)免(mian)損傷梁柱主筋(jin)(jin)。孔(kong)(kong)(kong)道(dao)軸線需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)與(yu)結(jie)構(gou)面垂直(zhi)，偏差≤3°。4.**清孔(kong)(kong)(kong)與(yu)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)膠(jiao)**鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)后(hou)(hou)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)用(yong)(yong)高(gao)壓氣清除孔(kong)(kong)(kong)內粉塵，再用(yong)(yong)擦拭(shi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)壁。注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)膠(jiao)前檢(jian)(jian)查孔(kong)(kong)(kong)壁干燥度(du)，注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)膠(jiao)量應占孔(kong)(kong)(kong)體(ti)(ti)積的2/3以上，確保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)飽滿(man)無氣泡。膠(jiao)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)勻速(su)推進，避(bi)免(mian)斷膠(jiao)或填(tian)充不足。5.**植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)與(yu)養(yang)護**鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)植(zhi)(zhi)入時(shi)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)緩慢(man)旋轉(zhuan)插入，確保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)均勻包裹。植(zhi)(zhi)入后(hou)(hou)24小時(shi)內禁止擾動，固(gu)化(hua)期(qi)間(jian)環(huan)境溫度(du)應保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)持在5℃-35℃，濕度(du)≤85%。固(gu)化(hua)時(shi)間(jian)根據(ju)膠(jiao)粘劑說(shuo)明書確定，通常≥72小時(shi)。6.**質(zhi)量檢(jian)(jian)測**養(yang)護完(wan)成(cheng)后(hou)(hou)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)進行(xing)拉(la)拔試驗，抽(chou)檢(jian)(jian)數量≥1%且不少于3根。檢(jian)(jian)測拉(la)力(li)值需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)≥設計(ji)值的1.2倍。同時(shi)檢(jian)(jian)查鋼(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)外露長(chang)度(du)及(ji)(ji)位置(zhi)偏差（≤5mm），發(fa)現(xian)不合格需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)返(fan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。7.**安全防護**施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前切斷相關區域水(shui)電，高(gao)空作(zuo)業(ye)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)搭設穩固(gu)操作(zuo)平臺(tai)。注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)膠(jiao)人員(yuan)應佩戴防毒面具(ju)，廢棄膠(jiao)體(ti)(ti)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)集中處理。加(jia)(jia)固(gu)后(hou)(hou)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)對(dui)(dui)周邊結(jie)構(gou)進行(xing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護，避(bi)免(mian)后(hou)(hou)續施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)造成(cheng)二(er)次損傷。8.**驗收資料(liao)歸檔**施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完(wan)成(cheng)后(hou)(hou)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)提交隱蔽(bi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程驗收記錄、材料(liao)檢(jian)(jian)測報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)、拉(la)拔試驗報(bao)(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)及(ji)(ji)影像(xiang)資料(liao)，確保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)全程可(ke)追溯。結(jie)構(gou)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)后(hou)(hou)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)定期(qi)監測，檢(jian)(jian)查建(jian)議(yi)在完(wan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)(hou)3個月內進行(xing)。注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)：施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)嚴(yan)格遵循《建(jian)筑(zhu)結(jie)構(gou)加(jia)(jia)固(gu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量驗收規(gui)范(fan)》（JGJ145），特殊環(huan)境（如高(gao)溫、高(gao)濕）需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)采取專項技術措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。