梁板植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)技(ji)術(shu)介紹(shao)梁板植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)是(shi)建(jian)筑結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)中(zhong)常用(yong)的(de)一種技(ji)術(shu)，主(zhu)要用(yong)于(yu)提(ti)升混凝土(tu)梁、板的(de)承載能(neng)力(li)或修復受(shou)損(sun)構(gou)件。其(qi)是(shi)通過(guo)在(zai)原有(you)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)上(shang)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)植(zhi)(zhi)入(ru)鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，利用(yong)植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)(jiao)的(de)粘結(jie)(jie)(jie)力(li)實現(xian)新舊材料(liao)的(de)協(xie)同受(shou)力(li)，適用(yong)于(yu)樓板開洞補強、梁體(ti)截面(mian)加(jia)大(da)、懸挑結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)改(gai)造等場景。一、工(gong)藝流程1.定(ding)(ding)位(wei)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)：按設(she)計要求(qiu)(qiu)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)，使用(yong)電(dian)錘或水鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)成(cheng)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)徑一般比鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)大(da)4-6mm，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)深需(xu)滿足15d-20d（d為鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)直徑）的(de)錨(mao)(mao)固(gu)(gu)深度(du)(du)要求(qiu)(qiu)。2.清孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)處理：用(yong)氣(qi)泵和(he)毛刷(shua)清除孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)內粉塵，確(que)保孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)壁清潔以(yi)提(ti)高粘結(jie)(jie)(jie)強度(du)(du)。3.注膠(jiao)(jiao)植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)：注入(ru)環(huan)氧樹(shu)脂類植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)(jiao)至孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)深2/3處，緩慢旋轉插入(ru)鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)并調整(zheng)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)。4.固(gu)(gu)化養護：常溫下需(xu)24-48小(xiao)時(shi)固(gu)(gu)化，期間禁止擾動。二、技(ji)術(shu)優(you)勢1.高承載力(li)：通過(guo)化學錨(mao)(mao)固(gu)(gu)形(xing)成(cheng)整(zheng)體(ti)受(shou)力(li)，單根鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)抗拔(ba)力(li)可達10-30kN。2.靈(ling)活性(xing)強：可根據(ju)需(xu)要靈(ling)活布置(zhi)鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)位(wei)置(zhi)，適應復雜加(jia)固(gu)(gu)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)。3.耐(nai)久性(xing)好(hao)：植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)(jiao)耐(nai)老化性(xing)能(neng)達50年以(yi)上(shang)，與(yu)混凝土(tu)壽命同步。4.微創施(shi)工(gong)：對原結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)損(sun)傷小(xiao)，無需(xu)大(da)規模拆除重(zhong)建(jian)。三、注意事項1.設(she)計需(xu)符(fu)合《混凝土(tu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)設(she)計規范》GB50367要求(qiu)(qiu)，需(xu)驗算錨(mao)(mao)固(gu)(gu)長度(du)(du)和(he)間距。2.施(shi)工(gong)前應進行鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)拉拔(ba)試驗，檢(jian)測抗拔(ba)力(li)是(shi)否(fou)達標。3.避(bi)免(mian)在(zai)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)主(zhu)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)密集區施(shi)工(gong)，鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)時(shi)應采用(yong)鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)探(tan)測儀避(bi)讓原有(you)鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)。4.環(huan)境溫度(du)(du)低于(yu)5℃時(shi)應選(xuan)用(yong)低溫型植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)(jiao)，雨(yu)季需(xu)做好(hao)防潮措(cuo)施(shi)。該(gai)技(ji)術(shu)需(xu)由隊(dui)伍實施(shi)，施(shi)工(gong)過(guo)程應嚴格把控鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)深度(du)(du)、清孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)質量和(he)注膠(jiao)(jiao)飽滿度(du)(du)等關鍵環(huan)節，確(que)保加(jia)固(gu)(gu)質量滿足設(she)計要求(qiu)(qiu)。通過(guo)科學設(she)計和(he)規范施(shi)工(gong)，植(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)可有(you)效(xiao)恢(hui)復或提(ti)升結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)安全(quan)性(xing)能(neng)，具有(you)顯著的(de)經濟效(xiao)益和(he)社(she)會(hui)價值。

建(jian)筑(zhu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)是一種通(tong)過化(hua)學粘結(jie)或(huo)機(ji)(ji)械錨固(gu)(gu)的(de)(de)(de)方式(shi)，在(zai)原有混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)結(jie)構(gou)中(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)入(ru)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，以(yi)(yi)提(ti)高結(jie)構(gou)承(cheng)(cheng)載(zai)力(li)或(huo)修復受(shou)損構(gou)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)。該技術(shu)廣泛應用于建(jian)筑(zhu)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)改造(zao)、抗(kang)震(zhen)補強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)、設備基礎固(gu)(gu)定及(ji)結(jie)構(gou)連接(jie)等領(ling)域，具有施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)靈活、適應性(xing)(xing)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)點(dian)。###一、應用場(chang)(chang)景(jing)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)適用于梁柱節點(dian)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)、新增構(gou)件(jian)(jian)連接(jie)、墻(qiang)體拉(la)(la)結(jie)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)補強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)、懸挑(tiao)結(jie)構(gou)錨固(gu)(gu)等場(chang)(chang)景(jing)。在(zai)老(lao)舊建(jian)筑(zhu)改造(zao)中(zhong)，常用于承(cheng)(cheng)重墻(qiang)開洞后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)邊緣加(jia)固(gu)(gu)；在(zai)橋梁工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中(zhong)，可修復因腐(fu)蝕或(huo)超(chao)(chao)載(zai)導致的(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)缺失部位。###二(er)、施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)流程(cheng)1.**定位鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)**：根(gen)據(ju)設計圖紙定位，使(shi)用鉆(zhan)機(ji)(ji)鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)，孔(kong)(kong)徑一般為(wei)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)直徑的(de)(de)(de)1.5-2倍(bei)(bei)，深(shen)度(du)(du)需滿(man)足錨固(gu)(gu)長度(du)(du)要(yao)求(qiu)（通(tong)常15-20倍(bei)(bei)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)直徑）。2.**清孔(kong)(kong)處理**：用高壓氣泵清除(chu)孔(kong)(kong)內粉(fen)塵，必(bi)要(yao)時(shi)使(shi)用擦拭孔(kong)(kong)壁，確保(bao)粘結(jie)面潔(jie)凈。3.**注(zhu)膠(jiao)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)**：將環(huan)氧樹脂或(huo)改性(xing)(xing)乙烯基酯類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)注(zhu)入(ru)孔(kong)(kong)內2/3深(shen)度(du)(du)，緩慢旋(xuan)入(ru)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)至(zhi)設計位置，避免產生氣泡。4.**固(gu)(gu)化(hua)養護(hu)**：常溫(wen)下(xia)固(gu)(gu)化(hua)時(shi)間(jian)約24-48小時(shi)，期(qi)間(jian)禁止擾動，環(huan)境(jing)(jing)溫(wen)度(du)(du)低于5℃需延長養護(hu)期(qi)。###三、技術(shu)優勢-**高承(cheng)(cheng)載(zai)性(xing)(xing)能**：植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)與(yu)混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)粘結(jie)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)可達(da)C30混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)本體強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)2倍(bei)(bei)以(yi)(yi)上-**微損傷施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)**：無需大規(gui)(gui)模拆除(chu)，對原結(jie)構(gou)影(ying)響(xiang)小-**耐候性(xing)(xing)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)**：抗(kang)酸堿腐(fu)蝕性(xing)(xing)能達(da)50年以(yi)(yi)上-**抗(kang)震(zhen)性(xing)(xing)能**：動態荷載(zai)下(xia)仍能保(bao)持(chi)穩定錨固(gu)(gu)###四、質量(liang)控制要(yao)點(dian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)前需進行現場(chang)(chang)拉(la)(la)拔試驗(yan)驗(yan)證錨固(gu)(gu)力(li)；嚴格(ge)監控膠(jiao)體配比與(yu)注(zhu)膠(jiao)飽滿(man)度(du)(du)；潮濕環(huan)境(jing)(jing)需選(xuan)用水(shui)下(xia)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)；植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)入(ru)深(shen)度(du)(du)誤差不超(chao)(chao)過±5mm。檢(jian)測時(shi)按規(gui)(gui)范要(yao)求(qiu)抽檢(jian)5%且不少于3根(gen)，拉(la)(la)拔力(li)需達(da)到鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)屈(qu)服強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)90%以(yi)(yi)上。該技術(shu)通(tong)過科學設計與(yu)規(gui)(gui)范施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，可有效恢復或(huo)提(ti)升結(jie)構(gou)安全(quan)性(xing)(xing)，已成(cheng)為(wei)現代(dai)建(jian)筑(zhu)加(jia)固(gu)(gu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)之一。

剪(jian)力墻(qiang)植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)加固(gu)施(shi)(shi)工流程一、施(shi)(shi)工準(zhun)備1.方案(an)設(she)計(ji)(ji)：依據(ju)檢(jian)測報告及(ji)《混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)結(jie)構加固(gu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)規(gui)范(fan)》確定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)位(wei)置、直徑(jing)(jing)、深度(du)及(ji)間(jian)距，編制(zhi)專項(xiang)施(shi)(shi)工方案(an)。2.材料準(zhun)備：選用(yong)植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)及(ji)HRB400級鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，提供(gong)材料合(he)格證明及(ji)拉拔試驗(yan)(yan)報告。3.工作(zuo)(zuo)面(mian)(mian)處理(li)：清理(li)墻(qiang)體表面(mian)(mian)浮灰、油污，剔(ti)除松(song)散混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)，暴露(lu)堅實(shi)基面(mian)(mian)。二、定(ding)(ding)位(wei)放線(xian)1.使(shi)用(yong)全站(zhan)儀或鋼(gang)尺按(an)設(she)計(ji)(ji)圖紙定(ding)(ding)位(wei)，彈線(xian)標記(ji)(ji)鉆(zhan)孔(kong)中心(xin)點。2.復核間(jian)距誤差(cha)，橫(heng)向≤±5mm，樓板植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)加固(gu)價格，縱向≤±10mm，避開原結(jie)構主筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)。三、鉆(zhan)孔(kong)作(zuo)(zuo)業1.采用(yong)電錘或水(shui)鉆(zhan)成孔(kong)，孔(kong)徑(jing)(jing)為鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)直徑(jing)(jing)+4~8mm，孔(kong)深≥15d（d為鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)直徑(jing)(jing)）。2.鉆(zhan)孔(kong)垂(chui)直度(du)偏差(cha)≤2°，遇鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)需調整孔(kong)位(wei)并(bing)記(ji)(ji)錄備案(an)。3.連(lian)續鉆(zhan)孔(kong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)控制(zhi)鉆(zhan)頭溫度(du)≤60℃，防(fang)止(zhi)混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)碳(tan)化(hua)。四(si)、清孔(kong)處理(li)1.使(shi)用(yong)高壓氣泵吹(chui)出孔(kong)內粉塵，配合(he)清孔(kong)刷反復清理(li)3次。2.潤濕棉(mian)紗擦拭孔(kong)壁(bi)，確保孔(kong)內無明水(shui)、碎(sui)屑。五、注膠(jiao)植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)1.采用(yong)注射(she)式植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)膠(jiao)，注膠(jiao)量達孔(kong)深2/3，膠(jiao)體飽滿無氣泡(pao)。2.鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)表面(mian)(mian)打(da)磨除銹后(hou)(hou)，旋(xuan)轉插入(ru)孔(kong)底(di)，膠(jiao)液(ye)溢出孔(kong)口1/3停止(zhi)。3.植(zhi)入(ru)后(hou)(hou)24小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)內嚴禁擾動，固(gu)化(hua)期間(jian)環(huan)境溫度(du)保持5-35℃。六、質(zhi)量驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)1.外觀(guan)檢(jian)查(cha)：膠(jiao)體填充密(mi)實(shi)，鋼(gang)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)無松(song)動。2.拉拔檢(jian)測：按(an)5‰抽樣進行(xing)非破損(sun)拉拔試驗(yan)(yan)，承載力≥設(she)計(ji)(ji)值1.15倍。3.驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)標準(zhun)：執行(xing)《建(jian)筑結(jie)構加固(gu)工程施(shi)(shi)工質(zhi)量驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)規(gui)范(fan)》GB50550。注意事(shi)項(xiang)：1.避開陰雨天氣施(shi)(shi)工，相(xiang)對濕度(du)＞80%時(shi)(shi)(shi)應采取除濕措施(shi)(shi)。2.新舊混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)結(jie)合(he)面(mian)(mian)需鑿毛處理(li)并(bing)涂刷界面(mian)(mian)劑。3.固(gu)化(hua)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)根據(ju)膠(jiao)粘劑說明書(shu)確定(ding)(ding)，通(tong)常(chang)(chang)常(chang)(chang)溫（25℃）需72小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)。該流程通(tong)過定(ding)(ding)位(wei)、規(gui)范(fan)操作(zuo)(zuo)及(ji)嚴格驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)，可確保植(zhi)筋(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)體系與原結(jie)構協同(tong)工作(zuo)(zuo)，提升剪(jian)力墻(qiang)抗震性(xing)能(neng)及(ji)承載能(neng)力。